浙江农业学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (4): 637-643.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2017.04.18

• 环境科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

纤维素分解菌的分离筛选及其对秸秆的分解特性

邱秀文1, 2, 周桂香1, 2, 3, *, 王慧娟4, 杨丽丽4   

  1. 1.九江学院 鄱阳湖生态经济研究中心,江西 九江 332005;
    2.九江市流域管理与生态保护重点实验室(九江学院), 江西 九江 332005;
    3.土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室/中国科学院 南京土壤研究所,江苏 南京 210008;
    4.九江学院 化学与环境工程学院,江西 九江 332005
  • 收稿日期:2016-12-20 出版日期:2017-04-20 发布日期:2017-04-27
  • 通讯作者: 周桂香,E-mail:zgx20053227@163.com
  • 作者简介:邱秀文(1984—),男,江西赣州人,博士,讲师,主要从事环境微生物研究。E-mail:334260049@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(41661068); 江西省自然科学基金项目(20161BAB214150,20161BAB214152); 土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室开放课题(Y20160010)

Isolation and scrcening of cellulose degrading bacterium and its decomposition characteristics of straw

QIU Xiuwen1, 2, ZHOU guixiang1, 2, 3, *, WANG Huijuan4, YANG Lili4   

  1. 1. Poyang Lake Eco-economy Research Center, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang 332005, China;
    2. Jiujiang Key Laboratory of Basin Management and Ecological Protection, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang 332005, China;
    3. State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture/Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China;
    4. School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang 332005, China
  • Received:2016-12-20 Online:2017-04-20 Published:2017-04-27

摘要: 从秸秆还田土壤中分离纯化出1株高效纤维素分解菌JJU-A,经形态观察和ITS分子序列分析,鉴定该菌为白耙齿菌(Irpex lacteus)。将JJU-A接种至玉米秸秆培养30、60、90 d后测定秸秆化学组成及官能团变化。结果表明,JJU-A菌对玉米秸秆中纤维素、半纤维素及可溶性糖的分解利用率远高于木质素,其中,纤维素、半纤维素和可溶性糖的降解率分别达53.60%、58.89%和76.03%,而木质素的降解率仅为28.61%。采用傅里叶红外光谱法(FTIR)分析秸秆中主要化学官能团的变化。由光谱数据分析可知,随着降解的进行,秸秆样品在1 046、1 245、1 335、1 603、2 900和3 383 cm-1吸收峰信号强度明显降低,秸秆中C=C、C=O、—CH3、—CH的含量逐渐降低,暗示纤维素、半纤维素、糖类及脂肪族化合物被大量分解。以上结果说明,白耙齿菌JJU-A可以有效提高秸秆的降解效率,加快秸秆资源化利用。

关键词: 红外光谱, 降解过程, 玉米秸秆, 纤维素

Abstract: A cellulose-decomposing strain, named JJU-A, was isolated from straw turnover soil. According to morphological observation, biochemical testing and rDNA-ITS gene sequence, the strain JJU-A was identified as Irpex lacteus. A 3-month experiment was carried out with JJU-A inoculated on maize straw, and the decomposition rate and the function groups of the maize straw were determined after 30, 60 and 90 d. It was shown that the decomposition rate of cellulose, hemicelluloses and soluble saccharide was higher than that of lignin, as the decomposition rates of cellulose, hemicelluloses, soluble saccharide and lignin were 53.60% 58.89% 76.03% and 28.61%, respectively. Fourier infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to detect the changes of function groups of maize straw. The relative absorption intensity of 1 046, 1 245, 1 335, 1 603, 2 900 and 3 383 cm-1 decreased obviously, and the percentage of C=C, C=O, —CH3, —CH decreased during the decomposition process, indicating that cellulose, hemicelluloses, saccharide and aliphatic compounds were degraded largely. In conclusion, the addition of Irpex laxteus JJU-A on maize straw could improve the degradation efficiency of straw and realize the resource utilization of straw.

Key words: infrared spectroscopy, decomposition process, maize straw, cellulose

中图分类号: