浙江农业学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (9): 1660-1667.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2021.09.10
何庆海1(), 刘本同1, 周政德2, 方茹1, 杨少宗1,*()
收稿日期:
2020-08-17
出版日期:
2021-09-25
发布日期:
2021-10-09
通讯作者:
杨少宗
作者简介:
* 杨少宗,E-mail: yangsz863@163.com基金资助:
HE Qinghai1(), LIU Bentong1, ZHOU Zhengde2, FANG Ru1, YANG Shaozong1,*()
Received:
2020-08-17
Online:
2021-09-25
Published:
2021-10-09
Contact:
YANG Shaozong
摘要:
为明确掌叶覆盆子(Rubus chingii H.H. Hu)不同优选种质间枝条和叶片表型性状的变异程度和变异规律,采用方差分析、主成分分析和聚类分析等方法,对20个优选种质枝条和叶片的10个表型性状的变异进行分析,并对聚类分组表型进行评价。研究结果表明,掌叶覆盆子枝条和叶片表型性状变异丰富,变异系数幅度为10.22%~46.63%,平均变异系数为22.02%;不同种质间变异差别明显,RC17平均变异系数最大(18.79%),RC01平均变异系数最小(11.27%)。主成分分析表明,前3个主成分累计贡献率为79.04%,第1主成分贡献率为42.61%;聚类分析结果将20份掌叶覆盆子种质分为3大类,其中第Ⅰ类包括10份,第Ⅱ类包括9份,第Ⅲ类包括1份。Ⅰ类与Ⅱ类组间叶脉角和叶裂数存在显著差异(P<0.05);Ⅰ类与Ⅲ类组间地径、叶片长、叶片宽、叶柄长、叶裂宽和叶脉角存在显著差异(P<0.05);Ⅱ类与Ⅲ类组间地径、叶片长、叶片宽、叶柄长、叶裂宽和叶裂数存在显著差异(P<0.05)。探讨优选种质枝条和叶片表型性状多样性,将为掌叶覆盆子资源保存及构建核心种质提供数据基础以及新品种选育和高效利用提供参考。
中图分类号:
何庆海, 刘本同, 周政德, 方茹, 杨少宗. 基于枝条和叶片表型性状的掌叶覆盆子种质资源多样性研究[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2021, 33(9): 1660-1667.
HE Qinghai, LIU Bentong, ZHOU Zhengde, FANG Ru, YANG Shaozong. Diversity of Rubus chingii germplasm resources based on twig and leaf phenotypic traits[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2021, 33(9): 1660-1667.
性状 Characters | 平均值 Average | 标准差 Standard deviation | 极差 Range | 最小值 Minimum | 最大值 Maximum | 变异系数 Coefficient of variation/% |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
株高Plant height/m | 1.83 | 0.28 | 1.25 | 1.25 | 2.50 | 15.48 |
地径 Ground diameter/mm | 16.47 | 2.85 | 14.30 | 8.70 | 23.00 | 17.32 |
冠幅 Crown breadth/m | 1.37 | 0.35 | 1.60 | 0.60 | 2.20 | 25.59 |
分枝数 Branching number | 3.06 | 1.43 | 6.00 | 1.00 | 7.00 | 46.63 |
叶片长Leaf length/cm | 11.09 | 1.79 | 9.32 | 7.35 | 16.67 | 16.17 |
叶片宽 Leaf width/cm | 9.76 | 2.06 | 11.30 | 5.54 | 16.84 | 21.15 |
叶柄长Petiole length/cm | 3.74 | 0.73 | 4.10 | 1.95 | 6.05 | 19.45 |
叶裂宽Width of leaf lobes/cm | 1.01 | 0.36 | 1.97 | 0.46 | 2.43 | 35.36 |
叶脉角Leaf vein angle/(°) | 51.37 | 5.25 | 21.89 | 40.67 | 62.56 | 10.22 |
叶裂数 Number of leaf lobes | 5.38 | 0.69 | 2.00 | 4.00 | 6.00 | 12.83 |
表1 掌叶覆盆子不同性状的变异系数
Table 1 Coefficient of variation of different characters in Rubus chingii
性状 Characters | 平均值 Average | 标准差 Standard deviation | 极差 Range | 最小值 Minimum | 最大值 Maximum | 变异系数 Coefficient of variation/% |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
株高Plant height/m | 1.83 | 0.28 | 1.25 | 1.25 | 2.50 | 15.48 |
地径 Ground diameter/mm | 16.47 | 2.85 | 14.30 | 8.70 | 23.00 | 17.32 |
冠幅 Crown breadth/m | 1.37 | 0.35 | 1.60 | 0.60 | 2.20 | 25.59 |
分枝数 Branching number | 3.06 | 1.43 | 6.00 | 1.00 | 7.00 | 46.63 |
叶片长Leaf length/cm | 11.09 | 1.79 | 9.32 | 7.35 | 16.67 | 16.17 |
叶片宽 Leaf width/cm | 9.76 | 2.06 | 11.30 | 5.54 | 16.84 | 21.15 |
叶柄长Petiole length/cm | 3.74 | 0.73 | 4.10 | 1.95 | 6.05 | 19.45 |
叶裂宽Width of leaf lobes/cm | 1.01 | 0.36 | 1.97 | 0.46 | 2.43 | 35.36 |
叶脉角Leaf vein angle/(°) | 51.37 | 5.25 | 21.89 | 40.67 | 62.56 | 10.22 |
叶裂数 Number of leaf lobes | 5.38 | 0.69 | 2.00 | 4.00 | 6.00 | 12.83 |
编号 No. | 株高 Plant height | 地径 Ground diameter | 冠幅 Crown breadth | 分枝数 Branching number | 叶片长 Leaf length | 叶片宽 Leaf width | 叶柄长 Petiole length | 叶裂宽 Width of leaf lobes | 叶脉角 Leaf vein angle | 叶裂数 Number of leaf lobes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
RC01 | 8.93 | 7.98 | 24.48 | 34.40 | 5.81 | 8.55 | 9.85 | 7.48 | 5.20 | 0 |
RC02 | 6.77 | 15.57 | 11.15 | 24.85 | 6.50 | 9.27 | 10.77 | 17.03 | 7.63 | 8.18 |
RC03 | 4.34 | 16.02 | 19.23 | 25.91 | 14.13 | 16.77 | 13.96 | 46.93 | 6.24 | 5.31 |
RC04 | 16.12 | 18.82 | 21.13 | 31.62 | 6.63 | 7.00 | 12.06 | 17.05 | 7.09 | 10.90 |
RC05 | 11.37 | 10.56 | 32.32 | 38.03 | 11.06 | 17.24 | 16.39 | 16.71 | 8.51 | 12.99 |
RC06 | 8.74 | 4.18 | 18.12 | 81.31 | 5.13 | 4.40 | 17.41 | 33.05 | 7.92 | 2.26 |
RC07 | 14.44 | 18.38 | 17.56 | 39.49 | 16.91 | 12.08 | 24.76 | 21.82 | 12.57 | 9.91 |
RC08 | 14.52 | 10.68 | 19.93 | 38.03 | 7.71 | 16.76 | 9.98 | 38.08 | 11.88 | 9.30 |
RC09 | 15.06 | 8.86 | 19.93 | 39.53 | 15.75 | 20.34 | 25.05 | 14.94 | 8.77 | 19.37 |
RC10 | 6.76 | 4.96 | 23.96 | 39.12 | 7.09 | 14.38 | 8.19 | 14.08 | 7.15 | 0.00 |
RC11 | 11.90 | 16.13 | 34.05 | 33.33 | 12.93 | 12.94 | 16.15 | 15.14 | 9.66 | 18.69 |
RC12 | 3.89 | 8.90 | 25.49 | 23.57 | 12.51 | 12.17 | 19.21 | 24.07 | 6.57 | 12.57 |
RC13 | 7.28 | 12.66 | 16.13 | 47.51 | 3.11 | 7.17 | 1.46 | 16.57 | 8.46 | 5.08 |
RC14 | 7.89 | 22.76 | 21.63 | 34.23 | 13.38 | 15.76 | 21.63 | 33.85 | 4.77 | 9.91 |
RC15 | 5.54 | 29.06 | 24.09 | 26.31 | 10.64 | 23.30 | 13.14 | 13.11 | 8.43 | 10.65 |
RC16 | 7.47 | 5.28 | 13.56 | 30.62 | 15.98 | 14.29 | 16.50 | 11.58 | 8.31 | 8.44 |
RC17 | 7.60 | 9.74 | 20.22 | 22.82 | 14.79 | 12.59 | 17.90 | 18.82 | 7.76 | 8.60 |
RC18 | 9.10 | 6.46 | 19.93 | 60.11 | 5.04 | 4.30 | 6.20 | 21.13 | 7.62 | 5.36 |
RC19 | 4.87 | 8.23 | 18.92 | 39.12 | 16.55 | 15.41 | 20.47 | 19.59 | 5.23 | 3.99 |
RC20 | 9.41 | 14.29 | 17.12 | 23.57 | 6.31 | 9.09 | 15.92 | 21.35 | 15.92 | 8.44 |
平均值Average | 9.10 | 12.48 | 20.95 | 36.67 | 10.40 | 12.69 | 14.85 | 21.12 | 8.29 | 8.50 |
表2 掌叶覆盆子不同种质性状的变异系数
Table 2 Coefficient of variation of different germplasm characters in Rubus chingii%
编号 No. | 株高 Plant height | 地径 Ground diameter | 冠幅 Crown breadth | 分枝数 Branching number | 叶片长 Leaf length | 叶片宽 Leaf width | 叶柄长 Petiole length | 叶裂宽 Width of leaf lobes | 叶脉角 Leaf vein angle | 叶裂数 Number of leaf lobes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
RC01 | 8.93 | 7.98 | 24.48 | 34.40 | 5.81 | 8.55 | 9.85 | 7.48 | 5.20 | 0 |
RC02 | 6.77 | 15.57 | 11.15 | 24.85 | 6.50 | 9.27 | 10.77 | 17.03 | 7.63 | 8.18 |
RC03 | 4.34 | 16.02 | 19.23 | 25.91 | 14.13 | 16.77 | 13.96 | 46.93 | 6.24 | 5.31 |
RC04 | 16.12 | 18.82 | 21.13 | 31.62 | 6.63 | 7.00 | 12.06 | 17.05 | 7.09 | 10.90 |
RC05 | 11.37 | 10.56 | 32.32 | 38.03 | 11.06 | 17.24 | 16.39 | 16.71 | 8.51 | 12.99 |
RC06 | 8.74 | 4.18 | 18.12 | 81.31 | 5.13 | 4.40 | 17.41 | 33.05 | 7.92 | 2.26 |
RC07 | 14.44 | 18.38 | 17.56 | 39.49 | 16.91 | 12.08 | 24.76 | 21.82 | 12.57 | 9.91 |
RC08 | 14.52 | 10.68 | 19.93 | 38.03 | 7.71 | 16.76 | 9.98 | 38.08 | 11.88 | 9.30 |
RC09 | 15.06 | 8.86 | 19.93 | 39.53 | 15.75 | 20.34 | 25.05 | 14.94 | 8.77 | 19.37 |
RC10 | 6.76 | 4.96 | 23.96 | 39.12 | 7.09 | 14.38 | 8.19 | 14.08 | 7.15 | 0.00 |
RC11 | 11.90 | 16.13 | 34.05 | 33.33 | 12.93 | 12.94 | 16.15 | 15.14 | 9.66 | 18.69 |
RC12 | 3.89 | 8.90 | 25.49 | 23.57 | 12.51 | 12.17 | 19.21 | 24.07 | 6.57 | 12.57 |
RC13 | 7.28 | 12.66 | 16.13 | 47.51 | 3.11 | 7.17 | 1.46 | 16.57 | 8.46 | 5.08 |
RC14 | 7.89 | 22.76 | 21.63 | 34.23 | 13.38 | 15.76 | 21.63 | 33.85 | 4.77 | 9.91 |
RC15 | 5.54 | 29.06 | 24.09 | 26.31 | 10.64 | 23.30 | 13.14 | 13.11 | 8.43 | 10.65 |
RC16 | 7.47 | 5.28 | 13.56 | 30.62 | 15.98 | 14.29 | 16.50 | 11.58 | 8.31 | 8.44 |
RC17 | 7.60 | 9.74 | 20.22 | 22.82 | 14.79 | 12.59 | 17.90 | 18.82 | 7.76 | 8.60 |
RC18 | 9.10 | 6.46 | 19.93 | 60.11 | 5.04 | 4.30 | 6.20 | 21.13 | 7.62 | 5.36 |
RC19 | 4.87 | 8.23 | 18.92 | 39.12 | 16.55 | 15.41 | 20.47 | 19.59 | 5.23 | 3.99 |
RC20 | 9.41 | 14.29 | 17.12 | 23.57 | 6.31 | 9.09 | 15.92 | 21.35 | 15.92 | 8.44 |
平均值Average | 9.10 | 12.48 | 20.95 | 36.67 | 10.40 | 12.69 | 14.85 | 21.12 | 8.29 | 8.50 |
性状 Characters | 主成分载荷矩阵Principal component load matrix | 主成分特征向量Principal component eigenvector | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 3 | |
株高Plant hight | 0.24 | 0.59 | 0.56 | 0.06 | 0.29 | 0.35 |
地径 Ground diameter | 0.71 | 0.31 | -0.06 | 0.17 | 0.15 | -0.04 |
冠幅 Crown breadth | 0.38 | 0.64 | -0.50 | 0.09 | 0.31 | -0.31 |
分枝数 Branching number | 0.24 | 0.77 | -0.31 | 0.06 | 0.37 | -0.20 |
叶片长 length of leaf | 0.96 | -0.04 | 0.14 | 0.23 | -0.02 | 0.09 |
叶片宽 Width of leaf | 0.95 | -0.21 | 0.12 | 0.22 | -0.10 | 0.08 |
叶柄长Length of petiole | 0.83 | 0.15 | 0.05 | 0.20 | 0.07 | 0.03 |
叶裂宽 Lplit width of leaf | 0.68 | -0.48 | 0.38 | 0.16 | -0.23 | 0.24 |
叶脉角 Vein angle | -0.14 | 0.38 | 0.78 | -0.03 | 0.19 | 0.49 |
叶裂数 Split number of leaf | 0.70 | -0.42 | -0.37 | 0.17 | -0.20 | -0.23 |
表3 各主成分的载荷矩阵和特征向量
Table 3 Principal component loadings matrices and characteristic vectors
性状 Characters | 主成分载荷矩阵Principal component load matrix | 主成分特征向量Principal component eigenvector | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 3 | |
株高Plant hight | 0.24 | 0.59 | 0.56 | 0.06 | 0.29 | 0.35 |
地径 Ground diameter | 0.71 | 0.31 | -0.06 | 0.17 | 0.15 | -0.04 |
冠幅 Crown breadth | 0.38 | 0.64 | -0.50 | 0.09 | 0.31 | -0.31 |
分枝数 Branching number | 0.24 | 0.77 | -0.31 | 0.06 | 0.37 | -0.20 |
叶片长 length of leaf | 0.96 | -0.04 | 0.14 | 0.23 | -0.02 | 0.09 |
叶片宽 Width of leaf | 0.95 | -0.21 | 0.12 | 0.22 | -0.10 | 0.08 |
叶柄长Length of petiole | 0.83 | 0.15 | 0.05 | 0.20 | 0.07 | 0.03 |
叶裂宽 Lplit width of leaf | 0.68 | -0.48 | 0.38 | 0.16 | -0.23 | 0.24 |
叶脉角 Vein angle | -0.14 | 0.38 | 0.78 | -0.03 | 0.19 | 0.49 |
叶裂数 Split number of leaf | 0.70 | -0.42 | -0.37 | 0.17 | -0.20 | -0.23 |
成分 Components | 初始特征值Initial eigenvalue | 主成分特征值Principal component eigenvalu | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
特征值 Eigenvalue | 方差贡献率 Variance contribution rate/% | 累积方差贡献率 Cumulative variance contribution rate/% | 特征值 Eigenvalue | 方差贡献率 Variance contribution rate/% | 累积方差贡献率 Cumulative variance contribution rate/% | |
1 | 4.26 | 42.61 | 42.61 | 4.26 | 42.61 | 42.61 |
2 | 2.05 | 20.52 | 63.13 | 2.05 | 20.52 | 63.13 |
3 | 1.59 | 15.91 | 79.04 | 1.59 | 15.91 | 79.04 |
4 | 0.87 | 8.74 | 87.78 | |||
5 | 0.44 | 4.43 | 92.21 |
表4 各主成分的特征值及方差贡献率
Table 4 The eigenvalues and cumulative variance of different principal components
成分 Components | 初始特征值Initial eigenvalue | 主成分特征值Principal component eigenvalu | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
特征值 Eigenvalue | 方差贡献率 Variance contribution rate/% | 累积方差贡献率 Cumulative variance contribution rate/% | 特征值 Eigenvalue | 方差贡献率 Variance contribution rate/% | 累积方差贡献率 Cumulative variance contribution rate/% | |
1 | 4.26 | 42.61 | 42.61 | 4.26 | 42.61 | 42.61 |
2 | 2.05 | 20.52 | 63.13 | 2.05 | 20.52 | 63.13 |
3 | 1.59 | 15.91 | 79.04 | 1.59 | 15.91 | 79.04 |
4 | 0.87 | 8.74 | 87.78 | |||
5 | 0.44 | 4.43 | 92.21 |
性状Characters | 第Ⅰ类ClusterⅠ | 第Ⅱ类ClusterⅡ | 第Ⅲ类Cluster Ⅲ |
---|---|---|---|
株高Plant height/m | 1.76±0.27 a | 1.91±0.30 a | 1.86±0.17 a |
地径 Ground diameter/mm | 17.00±2.55 b | 15.65 ±3.01 b | 19.20 ±1.53 a |
冠幅 Crown breadth/m | 1.43 ±0.34 a | 1.30±0.36 a | 1.30±0.32 a |
分枝数 Branching number | 3.02±1.56 a | 3.13 ±1.32 a | 2.60±0.89 a |
叶片长Length of leaf/cm | 11.10±1.53 b | 10.67±1.55 b | 15.41±0.90 a |
叶片宽 Width of leaf/cm | 9.88±1.68 b | 9.13±1.74 b | 15.33±1.31 a |
叶柄长Length of petiole/cm | 3.72±0.72 b | 3.63±0.63 b | 4.99±0.49 a |
叶裂宽 Split width of leaf/cm | 1.00±0.29 b | 0.95±0.34 b | 1.91±0.14 a |
叶脉角 Vein angle/(°) | 48.31±4.64 b | 54.51±3.99 a | 53.19±2.77 a |
叶裂数 Split number of leaf | 5.61±0.59 a | 5.08±0.70 b | 6.00±0 a |
表5 不同聚类分组的表型性状差异性分析
Table 5 Analysis of phenotypic traits in different cluster grouping
性状Characters | 第Ⅰ类ClusterⅠ | 第Ⅱ类ClusterⅡ | 第Ⅲ类Cluster Ⅲ |
---|---|---|---|
株高Plant height/m | 1.76±0.27 a | 1.91±0.30 a | 1.86±0.17 a |
地径 Ground diameter/mm | 17.00±2.55 b | 15.65 ±3.01 b | 19.20 ±1.53 a |
冠幅 Crown breadth/m | 1.43 ±0.34 a | 1.30±0.36 a | 1.30±0.32 a |
分枝数 Branching number | 3.02±1.56 a | 3.13 ±1.32 a | 2.60±0.89 a |
叶片长Length of leaf/cm | 11.10±1.53 b | 10.67±1.55 b | 15.41±0.90 a |
叶片宽 Width of leaf/cm | 9.88±1.68 b | 9.13±1.74 b | 15.33±1.31 a |
叶柄长Length of petiole/cm | 3.72±0.72 b | 3.63±0.63 b | 4.99±0.49 a |
叶裂宽 Split width of leaf/cm | 1.00±0.29 b | 0.95±0.34 b | 1.91±0.14 a |
叶脉角 Vein angle/(°) | 48.31±4.64 b | 54.51±3.99 a | 53.19±2.77 a |
叶裂数 Split number of leaf | 5.61±0.59 a | 5.08±0.70 b | 6.00±0 a |
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