公路沿线农田重金属污染研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20230768

浙江农业学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (8): 1887-1897.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20230768

公路沿线农田重金属污染研究

朱仁超(), 原樱其, 杨宇, 杨琦玥, 余爱华()

南京林业大学土木工程学院,江苏南京 210037

收稿日期:2023-06-15 出版日期:2024-08-25 发布日期:2024-09-06
作者简介:*余爱华,E-mail: yuer@njfu.com.cn
朱仁超(1999—),男,江苏南京人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为土壤重金属污染。E-mail: zrc3272021@163.com
通讯作者: 余爱华
基金资助:
东华理工大学江西省数字国土重点实验室开放研究基金(DLLJ202101);2021年江苏省大学生实践创新训练计划项目(202110298080Y)

Heavy metal pollution in farmland along highway

ZHU Renchao(), YUAN Yingqi, YANG Yu, YANG Qiyue, YU Aihua()

College of Civil Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China

Received:2023-06-15 Online:2024-08-25 Published:2024-09-06
Contact: YU Aihua

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着公路里程的日益增加和公路网的加密,公路交通已成为公路两侧土壤重金属污染的重要来源。中国人均耕地面积较少,公路两侧仍存在着大量的农田,种植着不同的农作物。研究表明,公路交通已对公路两侧的农田土壤和农作物造成不同程度的污染,对农产品的质量和安全产生较大的威胁。该文系统阐述了公路沿线农田土壤和农作物的重金属污染现状,以及二者之间的关系,深入分析了影响公路沿线土壤重金属空间分布的因素,对公路沿线农田重金属污染的研究方向提出展望,以期为路侧农田土壤重金属的污染防治提供思路与方向。

关键词: 农田土壤, 农作物, 公路, 重金属污染, 空间分布

Abstract:

With the increase in highway mileage and the development of the highway network, highway traffic has become a major source of heavy metal contamination in the soil on both sides of the highway. Due to the small amount of arable land per capita in China, there is still a lot of farmland and various crops on both sides of the road. Research showed that highway traffic had caused different degrees of pollution to farmland and crops on both sides of the highway, which posed a great threat to the quality and safety of agricultural products. In this paper, the status of heavy metal pollution in farmland soil and crops along the highway and the relationship between them were systematically reviewed, and the factors affecting the spatial distribution of heavy metals in soil along the highsway were thoroughly analyzed. Finally, the perspective of the research direction of heavy metal pollution in farmland along the highway was proposed, to provide ideas and directions for the prevention and control of heavy metal pollution in farmland soil along the highway.

Key words: farmland soil, crop, highway, heavy metal pollution, spatial distribution

中图分类号:

X53
X173

朱仁超, 原樱其, 杨宇, 杨琦玥, 余爱华. 公路沿线农田重金属污染研究[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2024, 36(8): 1887-1897.

ZHU Renchao, YUAN Yingqi, YANG Yu, YANG Qiyue, YU Aihua. Heavy metal pollution in farmland along highway[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2024, 36(8): 1887-1897.

图/表 2

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	LIAO Z P. Investigation and analysis of lead, mercury, arsenic and cadmium pollutants in fish snack food in Yueyang Area[D]. Changsha: Central South University of Forestry & Technology, 2019. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[75]	周阳靖, 吴愉萍, 沈群超, 等. 公路交通对周边土壤及农作物铅富集的影响研究[J]. 宁波大学学报(理工版), 2014, 27(3): 88-92.
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时间 Time	采样地点 Sampling spot	样本类型 Sample type	测定元素 Elements measured	测定方法 Determination method	超标元素 Element(s) exceeding limitations	文献来源 Reference
2021	巴基斯坦从费萨拉巴德到谢库普拉和谢库普拉到拉合尔的道路 The road from Faisalabad to Sheikupura and Sheikupura to Lahore in Pakistan	土壤、小麦、水稻 Soil, wheat, rice	Pb、Cd	AAS	无 None	[14]
2020	土耳其的两个路边果园 Two roadside orchards in Turkey	石榴 Pomegranate	Cd、Co、Cr、 Ni、Pb	ICP-MS	无 None	[15]
2020	尼日利亚的奥韦里-奥尼沙和奥韦里-阿坝高速公路 Owerri-Onitsha Expressway and Owerri-Aba Expressway in Nigeria	土壤、大黍(天竺草) Soil, Panicum maximum	Mn、Cd、 Cu、Pb	AAS	Cd、Pb	[16]
(2018)	印度的27号国道 National highway 27 in Inida	土壤 Soil	Cu、Mn、Zn、 Cd、Pb、Ni、Co	AAS	Cd	[17]
(2018)	印度旁遮普的国家高速公路 The National Expressway in Punjab, India	土壤 Soil	Cu、Cr、Co、Pb	AAS	无 None	[18]
2017	韩国南杨州的383号公路 Highway 383 in Namyangju, Korea	土壤 Soil	Cu、Zn、Ni、 Pb、Cd 、Cr	ICP-OES	Cr、Ni	[10]
(2016)	泰国中部、东北部和东部的道路 Roads in central, northeastern and eastern Thailand	土壤、水稻、玉米、甘蔗 Soil, rice, maize, sugarcane	Cd、Co、Cr、 Cu、Ni、Pb、 V、Zn	ICP-OES	无 None	[11]
2012	孟加拉国加济布尔高速公路沿线 Along a major expressway in Gazipur, Bangladesh	土壤、葫芦、南瓜 Soil, gourd, pumpkin	Pb、Cd、Ni	AAS	无 None	[19]
2012	尼泊尔Trishuli公路沿线 Along Trishuli Highway in Nepal	土壤 Soil	Cu、Zn、Cd、Pb	ICP-MS	无 None	[20]
2010	土耳其的布尔萨-伊兹密尔公路 The Bursa-Izmir highway in Turkey	土壤 Soil	Pb、Cu、Zn、 Cd	AAS	Pb、Cu、 Zn、Cd	[21]
(2008)	尼日利亚伊巴丹交通量大的地区 A high traffic density area in Ibadan, Nigeria	番茄、辣椒 Tomato, pepper	Pb、Cr	AAS	Pb、Cr	[22]
(2003)	乌干达坎帕拉高速公路沿线 Along the major expressways in Kampala, Uganda	土壤、苋属植物 Soil, Amaranthus plants	Zn、Pb、Cd	AAS	Pb、Cd	[23]

时间 Time	采样地点 Sampling spot	样本类型 Sample type	测定元素 Elements measured	测定方法 Determination method	超标元素 Element(s) exceeding limitations	文献来源 Reference
2021	巴基斯坦从费萨拉巴德到谢库普拉和谢库普拉到拉合尔的道路 The road from Faisalabad to Sheikupura and Sheikupura to Lahore in Pakistan	土壤、小麦、水稻 Soil, wheat, rice	Pb、Cd	AAS	无 None	[14]
2020	土耳其的两个路边果园 Two roadside orchards in Turkey	石榴 Pomegranate	Cd、Co、Cr、 Ni、Pb	ICP-MS	无 None	[15]
2020	尼日利亚的奥韦里-奥尼沙和奥韦里-阿坝高速公路 Owerri-Onitsha Expressway and Owerri-Aba Expressway in Nigeria	土壤、大黍(天竺草) Soil, Panicum maximum	Mn、Cd、 Cu、Pb	AAS	Cd、Pb	[16]
(2018)	印度的27号国道 National highway 27 in Inida	土壤 Soil	Cu、Mn、Zn、 Cd、Pb、Ni、Co	AAS	Cd	[17]
(2018)	印度旁遮普的国家高速公路 The National Expressway in Punjab, India	土壤 Soil	Cu、Cr、Co、Pb	AAS	无 None	[18]
2017	韩国南杨州的383号公路 Highway 383 in Namyangju, Korea	土壤 Soil	Cu、Zn、Ni、 Pb、Cd 、Cr	ICP-OES	Cr、Ni	[10]
(2016)	泰国中部、东北部和东部的道路 Roads in central, northeastern and eastern Thailand	土壤、水稻、玉米、甘蔗 Soil, rice, maize, sugarcane	Cd、Co、Cr、 Cu、Ni、Pb、 V、Zn	ICP-OES	无 None	[11]
2012	孟加拉国加济布尔高速公路沿线 Along a major expressway in Gazipur, Bangladesh	土壤、葫芦、南瓜 Soil, gourd, pumpkin	Pb、Cd、Ni	AAS	无 None	[19]
2012	尼泊尔Trishuli公路沿线 Along Trishuli Highway in Nepal	土壤 Soil	Cu、Zn、Cd、Pb	ICP-MS	无 None	[20]
2010	土耳其的布尔萨-伊兹密尔公路 The Bursa-Izmir highway in Turkey	土壤 Soil	Pb、Cu、Zn、 Cd	AAS	Pb、Cu、 Zn、Cd	[21]
(2008)	尼日利亚伊巴丹交通量大的地区 A high traffic density area in Ibadan, Nigeria	番茄、辣椒 Tomato, pepper	Pb、Cr	AAS	Pb、Cr	[22]
(2003)	乌干达坎帕拉高速公路沿线 Along the major expressways in Kampala, Uganda	土壤、苋属植物 Soil, Amaranthus plants	Zn、Pb、Cd	AAS	Pb、Cd	[23]

时间 Time	采样地点 Sampling spot	样本类型 Sample type	测定元素 Elements measured	测定方法 Determination method	超标元素 Element(s) exceeding limitations	文献来源 Reference
2021	沪昆高速和贵黄高速沿线 Along the Shanghai-Kunming Expressway and Guiyang-Huangguoshu Expressway	土壤 Soil	Cu、Zn、Ni、 Pb、Cd、Cr	AAS	Cd	[24]
2021	S38、S55、G325三条高速沿线 Along the Expressway S38, S55, G325	土壤 Soil	Cr、Zn、Cd、 Cu、Pb	ICP-OES	Cu、Pb	[25]
2018	商洛城郊公路两侧 Both roadsides in the suburban of Shangluo	土壤、15种农作物 Soil, 15 crops	Cu、Zn、Cd、 Ni、Mn、Fe	AAS	Cu、Zn、 Cd、Ni	[26]
(2017)	京哈高速公路沿线 Along the Beijing-Harbin Expressway	土壤、玉米 Soil, maize	Zn、Cu、 Pb、Cd	AAS	Cd	[27]
2017	210国道旁 Roadsides of the National Highway 210	土壤、玉米 Soil, maize	Mn、Zn、Cd、 Cr、Cu、Pb	AAS	Cd、Cr	[28]
(2015)	G325国道良庆区路段两侧 Both roadsides of Expressway G325 in Liangqing District	土壤 Soil	Cu、As、Pb、 Cd、Cr	ICP-AES	As、Pb、Cd	[29]
(2014)	江苏段京沪高速公路沿线 Along the Beijing-Shanghai Expressway in Jiangsu	土壤、小麦 Soil, wheat	Pb、Cd	AAS	Pb、Cd	[30]
2013	沪宁高速沿线 Along the Shanghai-Nanjing Expressway	土壤 Soil	Pb、Cr、Zn	ICP-AES	无 None	[31]
2012	成雅高速公路两侧 Both roadsides of the Chengdu-Ya’an Expressway	土壤、小麦 Soil, wheat	Cu、Zn、 Pb、Cd	AAS	Zn、Pb、Cd	[32]
2009	沈哈高速公路沿线 Along the Shenyang-Harbin Expressway	土壤 Soil	Pb、Cu、 Zn、Cd	AAS	Cd、Pb	[33]
(2008)	沪宁高速沿线 Along the Shanghai-Nanjing Expressway	土壤、小麦、水稻 Soil, wheat, rice	Pb、Cd、 Cr、Zn	AAS	Zn、Pb、Cd	[34]
(2007)	沪宁高速和京沪高速沿线 Along the Shanghai-Nanjing Expressway and Beijing-Shanghai Expressway	土壤、小麦、水稻 Soil, wheat, rice	Cu、Zn、Cr、 Pb、Cd	ICP-AES	Zn、Pb、Cd	[35]
(2006)	陕蒙高速两旁 Both roadsides of the Shaanxi-Inner Mongolia Expressway	玉米、水稻 Maize, rice	Cu、Zn、 Pb、Cd	AAS	Cu、Zn、 Pb、Cd	[36]
2005	沪宁高速公路两侧 Both roadsides of the Shanghai-Nanjing Expressway	土壤、小麦 Soil, wheat	Cu、Zn、Ni、 Pb、Cd、Cr	AAS	Pb、Zn	[37]
(2004)	宁连高速公路两侧 Both roadsides of the Nanjing-Lianyungang Expressway	土壤、小麦 Soil, wheat	Cu、Zn、 Pb、Cd	AAS	Pb	[38]

时间 Time	采样地点 Sampling spot	样本类型 Sample type	测定元素 Elements measured	测定方法 Determination method	超标元素 Element(s) exceeding limitations	文献来源 Reference
2021	沪昆高速和贵黄高速沿线 Along the Shanghai-Kunming Expressway and Guiyang-Huangguoshu Expressway	土壤 Soil	Cu、Zn、Ni、 Pb、Cd、Cr	AAS	Cd	[24]
2021	S38、S55、G325三条高速沿线 Along the Expressway S38, S55, G325	土壤 Soil	Cr、Zn、Cd、 Cu、Pb	ICP-OES	Cu、Pb	[25]
2018	商洛城郊公路两侧 Both roadsides in the suburban of Shangluo	土壤、15种农作物 Soil, 15 crops	Cu、Zn、Cd、 Ni、Mn、Fe	AAS	Cu、Zn、 Cd、Ni	[26]
(2017)	京哈高速公路沿线 Along the Beijing-Harbin Expressway	土壤、玉米 Soil, maize	Zn、Cu、 Pb、Cd	AAS	Cd	[27]
2017	210国道旁 Roadsides of the National Highway 210	土壤、玉米 Soil, maize	Mn、Zn、Cd、 Cr、Cu、Pb	AAS	Cd、Cr	[28]
(2015)	G325国道良庆区路段两侧 Both roadsides of Expressway G325 in Liangqing District	土壤 Soil	Cu、As、Pb、 Cd、Cr	ICP-AES	As、Pb、Cd	[29]
(2014)	江苏段京沪高速公路沿线 Along the Beijing-Shanghai Expressway in Jiangsu	土壤、小麦 Soil, wheat	Pb、Cd	AAS	Pb、Cd	[30]
2013	沪宁高速沿线 Along the Shanghai-Nanjing Expressway	土壤 Soil	Pb、Cr、Zn	ICP-AES	无 None	[31]
2012	成雅高速公路两侧 Both roadsides of the Chengdu-Ya’an Expressway	土壤、小麦 Soil, wheat	Cu、Zn、 Pb、Cd	AAS	Zn、Pb、Cd	[32]
2009	沈哈高速公路沿线 Along the Shenyang-Harbin Expressway	土壤 Soil	Pb、Cu、 Zn、Cd	AAS	Cd、Pb	[33]
(2008)	沪宁高速沿线 Along the Shanghai-Nanjing Expressway	土壤、小麦、水稻 Soil, wheat, rice	Pb、Cd、 Cr、Zn	AAS	Zn、Pb、Cd	[34]
(2007)	沪宁高速和京沪高速沿线 Along the Shanghai-Nanjing Expressway and Beijing-Shanghai Expressway	土壤、小麦、水稻 Soil, wheat, rice	Cu、Zn、Cr、 Pb、Cd	ICP-AES	Zn、Pb、Cd	[35]
(2006)	陕蒙高速两旁 Both roadsides of the Shaanxi-Inner Mongolia Expressway	玉米、水稻 Maize, rice	Cu、Zn、 Pb、Cd	AAS	Cu、Zn、 Pb、Cd	[36]
2005	沪宁高速公路两侧 Both roadsides of the Shanghai-Nanjing Expressway	土壤、小麦 Soil, wheat	Cu、Zn、Ni、 Pb、Cd、Cr	AAS	Pb、Zn	[37]
(2004)	宁连高速公路两侧 Both roadsides of the Nanjing-Lianyungang Expressway	土壤、小麦 Soil, wheat	Cu、Zn、 Pb、Cd	AAS	Pb	[38]

公路沿线农田重金属污染研究

Heavy metal pollution in farmland along highway

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