微生物菌肥对东魁杨梅土壤性状和叶片营养的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20240432

浙江农业学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (5): 1130-1138.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20240432

微生物菌肥对东魁杨梅土壤性状和叶片营养的影响

陈梦微¹(), 梁徐², 张成磊¹, 梁璟¹, 许樱子¹, 项丹丹¹, 杨照渠¹, 谢永东³^,^*()

1.台州科技职业学院农业与生物工程学院,浙江台州 318020
2.顺毅股份有限公司,浙江台州 318000
3.成都市农林科学院农产品加工与贮藏研究所,四川成都 611130

收稿日期:2024-05-23 出版日期:2025-05-25 发布日期:2025-06-11
作者简介:陈梦微(1994—),女,浙江仙居人,硕士,助教,主要从事果树栽培与生理研究。E-mail:912468236@qq.com
通讯作者: *谢永东,E-mail:xie.yd@foxmail.com
基金资助:
四川省科技计划(2023JDRC0111);台州科技职业学院乡村振兴项目(23XZ04)

Effects of microbial fertilizer on soil properties and leaf nutrition of Dongkui bayberry

CHEN Mengwei¹(), LIANG Xu², ZHANG Chenglei¹, LIANG Jing¹, XU Yingzi¹, XIANG Dandan¹, YANG Zhaoqu¹, XIE Yongdong³^,^*()

1. College of Agriculture and Bioengineering, Taizhou Vocational College of Science & Technology, Taizhou 318020, Zhejiang, China
2. Synwill Co., Ltd., Taizhou 318000, China
3. Institute of Agro-Products Processing and Storage, Chengdu Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Chengdu 611130, China

Received:2024-05-23 Online:2025-05-25 Published:2025-06-11

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探究微生物菌肥在杨梅栽培中的应用效果,以东魁杨梅为供试材料,设置对照(不施微生物菌肥,CK)、处理A(含胶冻样类芽孢杆菌LXB4001和新型枯草芽孢杆菌)、处理B(含解淀粉芽孢杆菌)和处理C(含LV-枯草芽孢杆菌)共4个处理,研究不同微生物菌肥对东魁杨梅种植土壤0~20 cm土层pH值、酶活性、肥力,以及叶片叶绿素和氮、磷、钾含量的影响。结果表明,与CK相比:处理C会显著(P<0.05)降低土壤pH值;3种微生物菌肥可以提高土壤养分含量,土壤碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾含量分别显著提高18.2%~45.0%、43.7%~156.3%、24.0%~40.8%;3种微生物菌肥还促进了杨梅植株叶片叶绿素和氮磷钾的积累,除处理B的叶片磷含量外,其余处理的叶片总叶绿素及氮、磷、钾含量分别显著增加27.5%~42.4%、17.5%~33.2%、11.7%~13.6%、14.6%~32.9%。基于主成分分析进行综合评价,4个处理的综合得分从高到低依次为处理A>处理B>处理C>CK。综上,微生物菌肥有助于改良土壤性质,提升土壤肥力,提高土壤可持续生产能力,利于植株生长。在该试验条件下,处理A的效果最佳。

关键词: 东魁杨梅, 微生物菌肥, 养分含量, 酶活性

Abstract:

In order to explore the application effect of microbial fertilizer in the cultivation of bayberry, Dongkui bayberry was used as the test material, and four treatments were set up, including control (no microbial fertilizer, CK), treatment A (containing Bacillus mucilaginosus LXB4001 and new Bacillus subtilis), treatment B (containing Bacillus amyloliquefaciens) and treatment C (containing LV Bacillus subtilis), to study the effects of microbial fertilizers on the pH value, enzymes activities, soil fertility in 0-20 cm soil layer and leaf chlorophyll, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content. The results showed that the treatment C could significantly (P<0.05) reduce soil pH value than the CK. Compared with the CK, application of microbial fertilizers could improve soil nutrients, with the contents of soil alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium significantly increased by 18.2%-45.0%, 43.7%-156.3%, 24.0%-40.8%, respectively. It could also promote the accumulation of chlorophyll and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in leaves. Except for the leaf phosphorus content of treatment B, the contents of total chlorophyll, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the other treatments were significantly increased by 27.5%-42.4%, 17.5%-33.2%, 11.7%-13.6% and 14.6%-32.9%, than the CK, respectively. Based on the comprehensive evaluation by principal component analysis, it was shown that the comprehensive score of four treatments was decreased as treatment A > treatment B > Treatment C > CK. In summary, microbial fertilizer was helpful to improve soil properties, enhance soil fertility, improve soil sustainable production capacity, which was beneficial to plant growth. Under the experiment conditions, treatment A exhibited the best effect.

Key words: Dongkui bayberry, microbial fertilizer, nutrient content, enzyme activity

中图分类号:

S667.6

陈梦微, 梁徐, 张成磊, 梁璟, 许樱子, 项丹丹, 杨照渠, 谢永东. 微生物菌肥对东魁杨梅土壤性状和叶片营养的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2025, 37(5): 1130-1138.

CHEN Mengwei, LIANG Xu, ZHANG Chenglei, LIANG Jing, XU Yingzi, XIANG Dandan, YANG Zhaoqu, XIE Yongdong. Effects of microbial fertilizer on soil properties and leaf nutrition of Dongkui bayberry[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2025, 37(5): 1130-1138.

图/表 6

图1 不同处理对土壤pH值和有机质含量的影响柱上无相同字母的表示差异显著(P<0.05)。下同。

Fig.1 Effect of treatments on soil pH and organic matter content Bars marked without the same letters indicate significant difference at P<0.05. The same as below.

图2 不同处理对土壤酶活性的影响

Fig.2 Effect of treatments on soil enzymes activities

图3 不同处理对土壤养分含量的影响

Fig.3 Effect of treatments on soil nutrients content

表1 不同处理对杨梅叶片叶绿素含量的影响

Table 1 Effect of treatments on chlorophyll content of bayberry leaves mg·kg-1

处理 Treatment	叶绿素a含量 Chlorophyll a content	叶绿素b含量 Chlorophyll b content	总叶绿素含量 Total chlorophyll content
CK	536.03± 9.34 c	1 056.81± 45.89 c	1 592.84± 54.82 c
A	662.17± 3.42 b	1 368.37± 9.27 b	2 030.54± 10.86 b
B	746.97± 5.68 a	1 521.65± 13.48 a	2 268.62± 17.31 a
C	729.09± 27.61 a	1 510.47± 36.95 a	2 239.56± 12.65 a

表2 不同处理对杨梅叶片养分含量的影响

Table 2 Effect of treatments on nutrients content of bayberry leaves g·kg-1

处理 Treatment	氮含量 Nitrogen content	磷含量 Phosphorus content	钾含量 Potassium content
CK	10.19±0.03 d	1.03±0.02 b	5.62±0.22 c
A	13.57±0.08 a	1.17±0.00 a	7.47±0.55 a
B	12.59±0.07 b	0.99±0.01 b	6.44±0.45 b
C	11.97±0.61 c	1.15±0.04 a	6.66±0.37 b

表3 主成分的特征值和贡献率

Table 3 Eigenvalue and contribution rate of principal components

主成分 Principal component	特征值 Characteristic value	方差贡献率 Variance contribution rate/%	累积贡献率 Cumulative contribution rate/%
1	8.235	43.344	43.344
2	5.237	27.565	70.909
3	3.573	18.806	89.715

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微生物菌肥对东魁杨梅土壤性状和叶片营养的影响

Effects of microbial fertilizer on soil properties and leaf nutrition of Dongkui bayberry

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