关键词: 水产饲料, 霉变, 真菌毒素, 污染调查, 毒性评价

Abstract: In order to understand the latest mycotoxin contamination situation of aquatic feed and raw materials in Guangdong Province， evaluate toxic effect of moldy aquatic feed， and understand their damaging effects on living organisms， a total of 120 samples were randomly collected from the fish and shrimp feed in the south of Guangdong. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） was used to detect the contents of mycotoxins including aflatoxin B1 （AFB1）， T2 toxin， deoxynivalenol （DON） and ochratoxin （OTA） in above aquatic feeds， and then each four fish feed and shrimp feed with different mycotoxin pollution levels （standard， mild， moderate and severe） were chosen to evaluate biological toxicity for mouse. The results showed that the mycotoxin contamination rate in aquatic feed was high， coexisting phenomenon of several toxins was relatively common; And T2， DON， AFB1 toxin pollutions were the most common， OTA pollution was lighter， T2 detected concentration was the largest （11 928.00 μg·kg-1）. Mice weight increased first then fell， each organ index fell slightly， especially the spleen and kidney indexes. Lymphocyte， hemoglobin， the large platelet rate were decreased significantly （P<0.05）. Sperm deformity rate and micronucleus rate increased with the increasing dose， and significant differences were found in the blood biochemical indexes （P<0.05）. The study showed that mycotoxin contamination was serious and T2 content was the highest in moldy aquatic feed， which had significant damage on mice spleen， kidney and liver organs. Meanwhile， it also had adverse effects on the hematopoietic and immune systems， and had genetic toxicity at certain level.

Key words: aquatic feed, mildew, mycotoxins, pollution survey, toxicity evaluation