氮素转化菌群对牛粪好氧堆肥的保氮效果

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20221466

浙江农业学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (1): 177-186.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20221466

氮素转化菌群对牛粪好氧堆肥的保氮效果

王佳丽(), 王梓宇, 马咏琪, 唐德富, 孙丽坤()

甘肃农业大学动物科学技术学院,甘肃兰州 730070

收稿日期:2022-10-24 出版日期:2024-01-25 发布日期:2024-02-18
作者简介:王佳丽(1995—),女,甘肃陇西人,硕士研究生,主要从事畜牧微生物研究。E-mail:3566455911@qq.com
通讯作者: * 孙丽坤,E-mail: sunlk_baby@126.com
基金资助:
甘肃省科技重大专项计划(21ZD4NA012);国家自然科学基金(3216180108);甘肃农业大学“伏羲杰出人才培育计划”(GAUfx-04J03)

Effect of nitrogen transforming flora on nitrogen retention in aerobic composting of cattle manure

WANG Jiali(), WANG Ziyu, MA Yongqi, TANG Defu, SUN Likun()

College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China

Received:2022-10-24 Online:2024-01-25 Published:2024-02-18

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探明氮素转化微生物菌群对牛粪好氧堆肥效果的影响,以牛粪和玉米秸秆为原料,以添加自行研制的复合微生物菌群为接种组,以添加同等体积的无菌水为对照组,研究不同处理下堆体温度、pH值、电导率、总氮含量、硝态氮含量、铵态氮含量及种子发芽指数等指标的变化。结果表明:在试验中,按照10 mL·kg^-1的比例添加自行研制的微生物菌群进行牛粪好氧堆肥能够使堆肥的最高温度较对照组上升5.8 ℃,缩短升温延滞期,提前4 d进入高温期(>50 ℃),且高温期持续的时间延长4 d,加快牛粪堆料的腐熟;同时,能够固定堆料中的氮素,堆肥结束后,接种组的总氮含量较对照组增加8.14%,氨气减排29.02%。

关键词: 好氧堆肥, 微生物菌群, 保氮效果

Abstract:

To investigate the effect of nitrogen transforming flora on the aerobic composting of cattle manure, the experiment was conducted with cattle manure and maize straw as raw materials, and the addition of self-developed complex microbial flora was used as the inoculation group, and the addition of the same volume of sterile water was taken as the control group. The results showed that addition of 10 mL·kg^-1 self-developed microbial flora for aerobic composting of cattle manure increased the highest temperature of the composting by 5.8 ℃, shortened the time to delayed warming period, entered the high temperature (>50 ℃) period 4 days earlier, and lasted 4 days longer in the high temperature period, thus accelerated the decomposition of cattle manure. At the same time, the addition of microbial flora was able to fix nitrogen nutrients in the pile, as the total nitrogen content was increased by 8.14% and the ammonia emission was cut by 29.02%.

Key words: aerobic composting, microbal flora, nitrogen retention effect

中图分类号:

S141.2

王佳丽, 王梓宇, 马咏琪, 唐德富, 孙丽坤. 氮素转化菌群对牛粪好氧堆肥的保氮效果[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2024, 36(1): 177-186.

WANG Jiali, WANG Ziyu, MA Yongqi, TANG Defu, SUN Likun. Effect of nitrogen transforming flora on nitrogen retention in aerobic composting of cattle manure[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2024, 36(1): 177-186.

图/表 9

图1 好氧堆肥反应器的示意图 1,测温口;2,集气口;3,堆肥反应罐;4,通风孔;5,通风管;6,通风口。

Fig.1 Diagram of aerobic composting reactor 1, Temperature measurement port; 2, Gas collection port; 3, Composting reaction tank; 4, Ventilation holes; 5, Ventilation pipe; 6, Vents.

图2 不同处理堆肥的温度变化 CK,不加微生物菌群的对照组;T,添加微生物菌群的接种组。下同。

Fig.2 Dynamics of temperature during composting under treatments CK, Control group without microbes. T, Inoculation group with microbes. The same as below.

图3 不同处理堆肥的pH值变化同一天对照组(CK)与接种组(T)的数据点上无相同字母的表示两组差异显著(P<0.05)。下同。

Fig.3 Dynamics of pH values during composting under treatments Dots marked without the same letters correpongding to the same date indicate signficant difference between the control group (CK) and the inoculation group (T). The same as below.

图4 不同处理堆肥的电导率变化

Fig.4 Dynamics of electrical conductivity during composting under treatments

图5 不同处理堆肥的氨气挥发量变化

Fig.5 Dynamics of ammonia volatilisation during composting under treatments

图6 不同处理堆肥的硝态氮含量变化

Fig.6 Dynamics of nitrate nitrogen content during composting under treatments

图7 不同处理堆肥的铵态氮含量变化

Fig.7 Dynamics of ammonia nitrogen content during composting under treatments

图8 不同处理堆肥的总氮含量变化

Fig.8 Dynamics of total nitrogen content during composting under treatments

图9 不同处理堆肥的种子发芽指数(GI)变化

Fig.9 Dynamics of seed germination index (GI) during composting under treatments

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氮素转化菌群对牛粪好氧堆肥的保氮效果

Effect of nitrogen transforming flora on nitrogen retention in aerobic composting of cattle manure

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