浙江农业学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (3): 666-675.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2023.03.20

• 生物系统工程 • 上一篇    下一篇

层叠式笼养肉鸭舍夏季风机运行模式优化与计算流体力学分析

林勇1(), 代伟伟2, 鲍恩财1,*(), 王强3, 柏宗春1, 夏礼如1, 张姚3, 孙玉伦4, 欧阳礼虎4   

  1. 1.江苏省农业科学院 农业设施与装备研究所,农业农村部长江中下游设施农业工程重点实验室,江苏 南京 210014
    2.定远县乡村振兴局,安徽 定远 233200
    3.安徽农业大学 工学院,安徽 合肥 230036
    4.江苏智勤牧业有限公司,江苏 徐州 221223
  • 收稿日期:2022-04-24 出版日期:2023-03-25 发布日期:2023-04-07
  • 通讯作者: *鲍恩财,E-mail:baoencai1990@163.com
  • 作者简介:林勇(1982—),男,江苏江阴人,博士,副研究员,主要从事健康养殖与环境科学研究。E-mail:linyong0616@yeah.net
  • 基金资助:
    江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目[CX(2022);江苏现代农业产业技术体系建设项目(JATS〔2021〕081);江苏省苏北科技专项(XZ-SZ202119)

Optimization and computational fluid dynamics analysis of fan operation for cascading cage-rearing meat duck house in summer

LIN Yong1(), DAI Weiwei2, BAO Encai1,*(), WANG Qiang3, BAI Zongchun1, XIA Liru1, ZHANG Yao3, SUN Yulun4, OUYANG Lihu4   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory of Protected Agriculture Engineering in the Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Facilities and Equipment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
    2. Dingyuan County Rural Revitalization Bureau, Dingyuan 233200, Anhui, China
    3. School of Engineering, Anhui Agricultural University, Anhui 230036, China
    4. Jiangsu Zhiqin Animal Husbandry Co., Ltd., Xuzhou 221223, Jiangsu, China
  • Received:2022-04-24 Online:2023-03-25 Published:2023-04-07

摘要:

为探明夏季层叠式笼养肉鸭舍内关键环境参数问题区域,优化风机运行数量与布局,实现对饲养环境的精细管控,在96 m(长)×17 m(宽)×5.3 m(高)的鸭舍中布置23个位点,监测舍内温度、相对湿度、风速与二氧化碳浓度变化,构建鸭舍计算液体力学(CFD)模型,模拟不同风机组合对温度场、气流场分布及其均匀度的影响。结果表明:测试期间,舍内外温度波动范围分别为22.9~30.9、17.6~36.6 ℃,相对湿度的变化范围分别为48.1%~92.5%、31.2%~100.0%,舍内变化趋势与舍外基本一致,但日变化幅度均低于舍外。舍内风速与CO2浓度的变化范围分别为0.79~1.32 m·s-1、1 161~1 685 mg·m-3。模拟舍外最高气温36.6 ℃时鸭舍内温度场与气流场的分布,结果发现,运行10台风机配合湿帘降温时,通风量为287 518 m3·h-1,平均温度与平均风速分别为30.9 ℃、1.08 m·s-1。针对舍内正中4列鸭笼高温区域梯次增开2或4台风机,通风量分别达到314 140、367 384 m3·h-1,温度较原方案可分别降低0.2、0.4 ℃,平均风速分别提高0.10、0.30 m·s-1,舍内通风弱区与气流不均匀系数均有明显改善,能满足夏季降温需求。针对夏季层叠式笼养肉鸭舍内高温区域,精准调控运行风机的数量与组合,可使舍内气流分布更加均匀,降温效果更好。

关键词: 层叠式笼养, 肉鸭, 环境质量, 温度场, 气流场

Abstract:

To study and determine the key environmental parameter problem areas in the cascading cage-rearing meat duck house in summer, optimize the number and layout of fan operation, and realize precision environment control, a total of 23 measuring points were set in the 96 m (length)×17 m (width)×5.3 m (height) duck house to monitor the dynamics of temperature, relative humidity, wind speed and CO2 concentration. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model of duck house was conducted to simulate the effects of different fan operation schemes on the distribution and evenness of temperature field and airflow field. The results showed that the indoor temperature ranged from 22.9 ℃ to 30.9 ℃, and the outdoor temperature varied from 17.6 ℃ to 36.6 ℃ during the test period. The relative humidity inside and outside the duck house was 48.1%-92.5% and 31.2%-100.0%, respectively. The variation tendency of indoor temperature and relative humidity were similar to that outside the duck house, while the changes of indoor temperature and relative humidity were smaller than that of outside. The indoor wind speed and CO2 concentration were 0.79-1.32 m·s-1 and 1 161-1 685 mg·m-3, respectively. The distribution of temperature field and airflow field inside the duck house were simulated under the scenario when the highest air temperature outside the duck house was 36.6 ℃. When 10 fans with wet curtain cooling were used, the ventilation rate was 287 518 m3·h-1, the mean temperature and mean wind speed were 30.9 ℃ and 1.08 m·s-1, respectively. When additional two or four fans were running in response to the high temperature aera which was near the four column cages of center area inside the duck house, the ventilation rate was raised to 314 140, 367 384 m3·h-1, respectively, and the temperature was reduced by 0.2, 0.4 ℃, respectively, and the mean wind speed was increased by 0.10, 0.30 m·s-1, respectively, as compared with the original design. In addition, the area with weak ventilation under the original design was improved and the non-uniformity coefficient of airflow inside the duck house was decreased, which could meet the cooling requirement. Thus, accurate regulation of the number and combination of running fans for the high temperature area inside the cascading cage-rearing meat duck house could improve the airflow distribution and realize better cooling effect in summer.

Key words: cascading cage-rearing, meat duck, environmental quality, temperature field, airflow field

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