乡村生态保健空间评价体系的构建与实证研究——以“龙门秘境”村落景区为例

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2023.06.24

浙江农业学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (6): 1473-1484.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2023.06.24

乡村生态保健空间评价体系的构建与实证研究——以“龙门秘境”村落景区为例

邵莹莹¹^,²(), 张建国²^,^*()

1.浙江农林大学风景园林与建筑学院,浙江杭州 311300
2.湖州师范学院经济管理学院,浙江湖州 313000

收稿日期:2022-02-17 出版日期:2023-06-25 发布日期:2023-07-04
通讯作者: *张建国,E-mail:zhangjianguo2004@163.com
作者简介:邵莹莹(1997—),女,浙江温州人,硕士研究生,主要从事风景园林规划设计方面的研究工作。E-mail:1249418934@qq.com
基金资助:
浙江省科技厅公益技术研究农业项目(2016C32017);诚邦生态环境股份有限公司委托项目(2019330101000075);浙江大花园建设研究院专项课题(重点课题)(202001);浙江大花园建设研究院专项课题(重点课题)(DHYA202008)

Construction of evalution system for rural ecological health-care space and emperical study: in case of “Dragon Gate Wonderlands” village scenic spot

SHAO Yingying¹^,²(), ZHANG Jianguo²^,^*()

1. College of Landscape Architecture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
2. School of Economics and Management, Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang, China

Received:2022-02-17 Online:2023-06-25 Published:2023-07-04

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了有效发挥乡村的生态环境保健效益,特对乡村生态保健空间的建设适宜性进行评价,以确保乡村康养旅游的有序发展。在梳理乡村生态保健空间评价主要影响因素的基础上,采用层次分析法,构建了包括目标层、准则层、要素层和指标层,由35项具体指标组成的评价体系,划定评价标准与等级。以杭州“龙门秘境”村落景区为例,结合模糊综合评价法进行实证研究。结果显示,乡村生态保健空间的影响因素主要包括美景度、环境清洁度、舒适度、自然度、活动开展适宜度5个方面,其中,环境与气候条件是乡村生态保健空间建设的重要影响因素。基于本文构建的评价体系,案例地的综合评价分数为4.162,属于优等级,说明其生态保健空间建设适宜性很好,评价结果与实际情况相符。

关键词: 生态保健效益, 乡村康养旅游, 乡村生态保健空间, 评价体系

Abstract:

In order to effectively display the health benefits of the rural ecological environment, the suitability of rural ecological health-care space was evaluated to ensure the development of rural recreation tourism. By sorting out the main factors influencing the development suitablity of rural ecological health-care space, an evaluation system is constructed via hierarchical analysis method, which includs objeetive layer, criterion layer, element layer and index layer with a total of 35 specific indicators. The evaluation criteria and levels are determined. Based on the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, an empirical study is also carried out by taking the “Dragon Gate Wonderlands” village scenic spot in Hangzhou as a case. The results shows that factors influencing the development suitabiligy of rural ecological health-care space consists of five aspects, inamely, scenic beauty, environmental sanitation, comfort degree, natural degree and activity suitability, among which, environment and climate conditions are important factors influencing the construction of rural ecological health-care space. Based on the constructed evaluation system, the comprehensive evaluation score of the case site is 4.162, which belongs to the excellent grade, indicating the case site is suitable for the development as rural ecological health-care space. The evaluation result is consistent with the actual situation.

Key words: ecological health benefits, rural health tourism, rural ecological health-care space, evaluation system

中图分类号:

邵莹莹, 张建国. 乡村生态保健空间评价体系的构建与实证研究——以“龙门秘境”村落景区为例[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2023, 35(6): 1473-1484.

SHAO Yingying, ZHANG Jianguo. Construction of evalution system for rural ecological health-care space and emperical study: in case of “Dragon Gate Wonderlands” village scenic spot[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2023, 35(6): 1473-1484.

图/表 4

参考文献 32

[1]	KAPLAN S, TALBOT J F. Psychological benefits of a wilderness experience[M]//ALTMAN I, WOHLWILL J F. Behavior and the natural environment. Boston: Springer US, 1983: 163-203.
[2]	KAPLAN R, KAPLAN S. The experience of nature: a psychological perspective[M]. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989
[3]	ULRICH R S. View through a window may influence recovery from surgery[J]. Science, 1984, 224(4647): 420-421.
[4]	ULRICH R S, SIMONS R F, LOSITO B D, et al. Stress recovery during exposure to natural and urban environments[J]. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 1991, 11(3): 201-230.
[5]	GUO J, XU Z. Analysis on the design elements and strategies of horticultural therapy in the healing environment of patients with limb dysfunction[C]// Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Contemporary Education, Social Sciences and Humanities (ICCESSH 2018). April 25-27, 2018. Moscow, Russia. Paris: Atlantis Press, 2018.
[6]	金学智, 陈本源. 园林养生功能简论: 艺术养生学系列论文之三[J]. 文艺研究, 1997(4): 114-127.
	JIN X Z, CHEN B Y. Brief discussion on the functions of garden health preservation: the third series of papers on art health preservation[J]. Literature & Art Studies, 1997(4): 114-127. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[7]	谭益民, 森林康养基地规划设计研究[J]. 湖南工业大学学报, 张志强. 2017, 31(1): 1-9.
	TAN Y M, ZHANG Z Q. Study on the planning and design of forest therapy base[J]. Journal of Hunan University of Technology, 2017, 31(1): 1-9. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[8]	胡译文, 秦永胜, 李荣桓, 等. 北京市三种典型城市绿地类型的保健功能分析[J]. 生态环境学报, 2011, 20(12): 1872-1878.
	HU Y W, QIN Y S, LI R H, et al. Study on the health function of three typical urban greenspaces in Beijing[J]. Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 2011, 20(12): 1872-1878. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[9]	晏琪, 刘苑秋, 文野, 等. 基于因子分析的森林康养空间评价指标体系研究[J]. 中国园林, 2020, 36(1): 81-86.
	YAN Q, LIU Y Q, WEN Y, et al. Study of evaluation index system in forest convalescent space based on factor analysis[J]. Chinese Landscape Architecture, 2020, 36(1): 81-86. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[10]	陈凯, 洪昕晨, 林洲瑜, 等. 基于GST法与AHP法的森林公园康复性景观评价指标体系构建[J]. 江西农业大学学报, 2017, 39(1): 118-126.
	CHEN K, HONG X C, LIN Z Y, et al. The construction of evaluation system of healing landscape in forest park based on GST and AHP[J]. Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis, 2017, 39(1): 118-126. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[11]	赵咪咪. “健康中国”视阈下城郊森林公园游憩适宜性评价: 以丽水白云森林公园为例[D]. 杭州: 浙江农林大学, 2018.
	ZHAO M M. Evaluation of recreational suitability in the suburb of forest park under the vision of “healthy China”: a case study of Baiyun forest park in Lishui[D]. Hangzhou: Zhejiang A & F University, 2018. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[12]	MARCUS C C, BARNES M M. Gardens in healthcare facilities: uses, therapeutic benefits, and design recommendations[M]. Martinez, CA: The Center for Health Design, Inc., 1995.
[13]	杨芳绒, 张晨曦, 鲁黎明. 基于AHP法的郑州城市公园康养景观评价[J]. 西北林学院学报, 2022, 37(1): 247-252.
	YANG F R, ZHANG C X, LU L M. Healthy landscape evaluation of urban parks in Zhengzhou City based on AHP[J]. Journal of Northwest Forestry University, 2022, 37(1): 247-252. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[14]	孟玮. 健康视域下的城市公园绿地休闲游憩适宜性评价: 以杭州城北体育公园为例[D]. 杭州: 浙江农林大学, 2020.
	MENG W. Evaluation on the suitability of urban parks and green spaces for leisure and recreation from the perspective of health: take Hangzhou Chengbei Sports Park as an example[D]. Hangzhou: Zhejiang A & F University, 2020. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[15]	赵悦. 基于康复支持性评价的哈尔滨市综合医院外环境景观改造策略研究[D]. 哈尔滨: 东北林业大学, 2015.
	ZHAO Y. Research on the external environment landscape reform of the comprehensive hospital in Harbin based on the rehabilitation support evaluation[D]. Harbin:Northeast Forestry University, 2015. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[16]	郑洁, 俞益武, 包亚芳. 疗养院康复景观环境评价指标体系的构建[J]. 浙江农林大学学报, 2018, 35(5): 919-926.
	ZHENG J, YU Y W, BAO Y F. Construction of evaluation index system of herapeutic landscape environment in sanatoriums[J]. Journal of Zhejiang A & F University, 2018, 35(5): 919-926. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[17]	邬涛, 汤晓敏. 老年公寓外环境康复支持性评价指标体系构建研究[J]. 上海交通大学学报(农业科学版), 2013, 31(5): 89-94.
	WU T, TANG X M. Therapeutic supportive evaluation index system of external environment of apartment for the elderly[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University(Agricultural Science), 2013, 31(5): 89-94. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[18]	吴思雨, 李运远. 北京社区公园康复性景观评价模型的构建[J]. 北京规划建设, 2019(3): 108-112.
	WU S Y, LI Y Y. Construction of rehabilitation landscape evaluation model for community parks in Beijing[J]. Beijing Planning Review, 2019(3): 108-112. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[19]	张建国, 俞益武, 章志攀, 等. 衢州七里旅游区环境质量评价研究[J]. 西北林学院学报, 2007, 22(4): 167-170.
	ZHANG J G, YU Y W, ZHANG Z P, et al. The evalution of environmental quality in Qili tourism area of Quzhou[J]. Journal of Northwest Forestry University, 2007, 22(4): 167-170. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[20]	刘畅, 徐宁, 宋靖达, 等. 城市森林公园游人热舒适感受与空间选择[J]. 生态学报, 2017, 37(10): 3561-3569.
	LIU C, XU N, SONG J D, et al. Research on visitors’ thermal sensation and space choices in an urban forest park[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2017, 37(10): 3561-3569. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[21]	郝泽周, 王成, 徐心慧, 等. 深圳城市森林声景观对人体心理及生理影响分析[J]. 西北林学院学报, 2019, 34(3): 231-239.
	HAO Z Z, WANG C, XU X H, et al. Effect of Shenzhen urban forest soundscape on psychological and physiological changes of human beings[J]. Journal of Northwest Forestry University, 2019, 34(3): 231-239. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[22]	陶雪莹, 张伟宁, 鲁绍伟, 等. 北京城市森林空气负离子与PM_2.5颗粒物交互效应研究[J]. 江西农业大学学报, 2020, 42(6): 1184-1194.
	TAO X Y, ZHANG W N, LU S W, et al. Interaction between air negative ions and PM_2.5 particles in urban forest of Beijing[J]. Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis, 2020, 42(6): 1184-1194. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[23]	彭巍, 李明文, 杜鹏飞. “天然杀菌素”植物精气国内外研究进展[J]. 防护林科技, 2020(12): 69-71.
	PENG W, LI M W, DU P F. Research progress of “natural fungicides” plant essence at home and abroad[J]. Protection Forest Science and Technology, 2020(12): 69-71. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[24]	金媛媛, 王淑芳. 乡村振兴战略背景下生态旅游产业与健康产业的融合发展研究[J]. 生态经济, 2020, 36(1): 138-143.
	JIN Y Y, WANG S F. Research on the integration development of ecotourism industry and health industry under the background of rural revitalization strategy[J]. Ecological Economy, 2020, 36(1): 138-143. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[25]	钟永德, 罗明春, 袁建琼. 森林美学的发展及其在森林景观规划中的应用[J]. 中南林学院学报, 2004, 24(4): 82-87.
	ZHONG Y D, LUO M C, YUAN J Q. Development of forest aesthetics and its application in forest landscape planning[J]. Journal of Central South Forestry University, 2004, 24(4): 82-87. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[26]	张毅, 崔留欣, 程学敏, 等. 空气负离子对小鼠免疫功能的影响[J]. 河南医科大学学报, 1996, 31(2): 56-59.
	ZHANG Y, CUI L X, CHENG X M, et al. The effect of negative air ions on the immunologlcal function of mice[J]. Journa of Henan Medical University, 1996, 31(2): 56-59. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[27]	MALIK A, SINGH K, SINGH M. Effect of negative air ions on physiological and perceived psychological stress during computer operation[J]. International Journal of Environment and Health, 2010, 4(1): 67.
[28]	段文军. 深圳园山三种典型城市森林康养环境保健因子动态变化[D]. 北京: 中国林业科学研究院, 2017.
	DUAN W J. The spatial and temoral variations of healthcare factors in three typical urban forest environment of Yuanshan Park in Shenzhen, South China[D]. Beijing: Chinese Academy of Forestry, 2017. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[29]	连泽峰, 刘滨谊. 风景园林小气候对人体自主神经系统的健康作用的测试分析[C]// 中国风景园林学会2019年会论文集: 下册. 上海: 中国风景园林学会, 2019: 289-296.
[30]	赵晓龙, 卞晴, 赵冬琪, 等. 寒地城市公园春季休闲体力活动强度与植被群落微气候调节效应适应性研究[J]. 中国园林, 2018, 34(2): 42-48.
	ZHAO X L, BIAN Q, ZHAO D Q, et al. Research on the adaptability between the leisure physical activity intensity and micro-climate regulation of vegetation community of cold region parks in spring[J]. Chinese Landscape Architecture, 2018, 34(2): 42-48. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[31]	KELLERT S R, WILSON E O. The biophilia hypothesis[M]. Washington, DC: Island Press, 1993.
[32]	晏俊雯. 北京市部分公园绿地公众自然度感知评价研究[D]. 北京: 北京林业大学, 2020.
	YAN J W. A study on evaluating the public perception of naturalness in some parks in Beijing[D]. Beijing: Beijing Forestry University, 2020. (in Chinese with English abstract)

目标层 Objective layer	准则层 Criterion layer	要素层 Element layer	指标层 Index layer
乡村生态保健空间评价 Evaluation of rural	B1:美景度 Scenic beauty(0.164)	C1:景观美学 Aesthetics of landscape	D1:季相多样性 Seasonal diversity(0.012)
ecological health- care space		(0.089)	D2:景观类型丰富度 Landscape type richness(0.011)
			D3:层次丰富性 Hierarchical richness(0.008)
			D4:景观协调性 Landscape coordination(0.023)
			D5:尺度适宜性 Scale suitability(0.011)
			D6:景观维持性 Landscape sustainability(0.010)
			D7:景观卫生 Landscape hygiene(0.014)
		C2:景观特色 Landscape features	D8:地貌地形奇特性 Geomorphy(0.032)
		(0.048)	D9:景观稀有性 Landscape rarity(0.016)
		C3:景观文化 landscape culture	D10:乡土文化丰富度 Richness of local culture(0.018)
		(0.027)	D11:民俗文化表达 Folk culture expression(0.009)
	B2:环境清洁度 Environmental sanitation	C4:环境质量 Environmental quality	D12:空气负离子质量等级 Air negative ion mass grade(0.090)
	(0.301)	(0.301)	D13:空气颗粒物浓度 Air particle concentration(0.064)
			D14:水体质量 Water quality(0.031)
			D15:土壤质量 Soil quality(0.029)
			D16:空气质量 Air quality(0.061)
			D17:声环境质量 Sound environment quality(0.026)
	B3:舒适度 Comfort degree	C5:气候条件 Climate conditions	D18:人体舒适度 Comfort index of human(0.220)
	(0.275)	(0.275)	D19:紫外线辐射强度 UV radiation intensity(0.055)
	B4:自然度 Natural degree	C6:植被状况 Vegetation status	D20:植被覆盖率 Vegetation cover rate(0.037)
	(0.136)	(0.109)	D21:植物生长状况 Plant growth status(0.015)
			D22:植物群落结构特征 Plant community structure characteristics(0.031)
			D23:植物群落物种特征 Plant community species characteristics(0.026)
		C7:人类活动状态 State of human activity	D24:人口密度 Population density(0.003)
		(0.027)	D25:人为活动干扰度 Human disturbance(0.009)
			D26:环境保护情况 Environmental protection(0.015)
	B5:活动开展适宜度 Activity suitability	C8:地形特征 Terrain characteristics	D27:海拔 Altitude(0.017)
	(0.124)	(0.051)	D28:地势建设合适程度 Appropriate range of terrain construction(0.034)
		C9:区位交通 Location & traffic(0.032)	D29:地理位置 Geographical location(0.006)
			D30:外部交通可达性 External traffic accessibility(0.016)
			D31:内部交通条件 Internal traffic conditions(0.010)
		C10:基础建设 Infrastructure(0.041)	D32:基础设施完善度 Infrastructure perfection(0.014)
			D33:基础设施分布合理性 Rationality of infrastructure distribution(0.011)
			D34:保健设施丰富度 Health facilities richness(0.010)
			D35:安全保障Security(0.006)

目标层 Objective layer	准则层 Criterion layer	要素层 Element layer	指标层 Index layer
乡村生态保健空间评价 Evaluation of rural	B1:美景度 Scenic beauty(0.164)	C1:景观美学 Aesthetics of landscape	D1:季相多样性 Seasonal diversity(0.012)
ecological health- care space		(0.089)	D2:景观类型丰富度 Landscape type richness(0.011)
			D3:层次丰富性 Hierarchical richness(0.008)
			D4:景观协调性 Landscape coordination(0.023)
			D5:尺度适宜性 Scale suitability(0.011)
			D6:景观维持性 Landscape sustainability(0.010)
			D7:景观卫生 Landscape hygiene(0.014)
		C2:景观特色 Landscape features	D8:地貌地形奇特性 Geomorphy(0.032)
		(0.048)	D9:景观稀有性 Landscape rarity(0.016)
		C3:景观文化 landscape culture	D10:乡土文化丰富度 Richness of local culture(0.018)
		(0.027)	D11:民俗文化表达 Folk culture expression(0.009)
	B2:环境清洁度 Environmental sanitation	C4:环境质量 Environmental quality	D12:空气负离子质量等级 Air negative ion mass grade(0.090)
	(0.301)	(0.301)	D13:空气颗粒物浓度 Air particle concentration(0.064)
			D14:水体质量 Water quality(0.031)
			D15:土壤质量 Soil quality(0.029)
			D16:空气质量 Air quality(0.061)
			D17:声环境质量 Sound environment quality(0.026)
	B3:舒适度 Comfort degree	C5:气候条件 Climate conditions	D18:人体舒适度 Comfort index of human(0.220)
	(0.275)	(0.275)	D19:紫外线辐射强度 UV radiation intensity(0.055)
	B4:自然度 Natural degree	C6:植被状况 Vegetation status	D20:植被覆盖率 Vegetation cover rate(0.037)
	(0.136)	(0.109)	D21:植物生长状况 Plant growth status(0.015)
			D22:植物群落结构特征 Plant community structure characteristics(0.031)
			D23:植物群落物种特征 Plant community species characteristics(0.026)
		C7:人类活动状态 State of human activity	D24:人口密度 Population density(0.003)
		(0.027)	D25:人为活动干扰度 Human disturbance(0.009)
			D26:环境保护情况 Environmental protection(0.015)
	B5:活动开展适宜度 Activity suitability	C8:地形特征 Terrain characteristics	D27:海拔 Altitude(0.017)
	(0.124)	(0.051)	D28:地势建设合适程度 Appropriate range of terrain construction(0.034)
		C9:区位交通 Location & traffic(0.032)	D29:地理位置 Geographical location(0.006)
			D30:外部交通可达性 External traffic accessibility(0.016)
			D31:内部交通条件 Internal traffic conditions(0.010)
		C10:基础建设 Infrastructure(0.041)	D32:基础设施完善度 Infrastructure perfection(0.014)
			D33:基础设施分布合理性 Rationality of infrastructure distribution(0.011)
			D34:保健设施丰富度 Health facilities richness(0.010)
			D35:安全保障Security(0.006)

评价指标 Evaluation index	数据来源 Data source	评价标准Evaluation standard
评价指标 Evaluation index	数据来源 Data source	5分 5 points	4分 4 points	3分 3 points	2分 2 points	1分 1 point
D1	现场调研 Site survey	四季季相明显 Four seasons	三季季相明显 Three seasons	二季季相明显 Two seasons	一季季相明显 One season	季相变化不明显 No seasonal characteristics
D2	现场调研Site survey	≥0.9	0.7~<0.9	0.4~<0.7	0.1~<0.4	<0.1
D3	现场调研 Site survey	十分丰富 Very abundant	丰富 Abundant	一般 Average	单一 Monotonous	十分单一 Very monotonous
D4	现场调研 Site survey	十分协调 Very coordinated	协调 Coordinated	一般 Average	不协调 Incongruous	十分不协调 Very incongruous
D5	现场调研 Site survey	十分适宜 Very suitable	适宜 Suitable	一般 Average	不适宜 Inappropriate	十分不适宜 Very inappropriate
D6	现场调研 Site survey	很好 Excellent	好 Great	一般 Average	较差 Bad	无管理 Unmanaged
D7	现场调研 Site survey	十分干净,无垃圾 Very clean, no rubbish	干净,偶有垃圾 Clean, with occasional rubbish	一般,有少量垃圾 General hygiene, with a small amount of rubbish	较脏、乱,多量垃圾 Dirty, messy, lots of rubbish	脏、乱,大量垃圾 Very dirty and messy, a large amount of rubbish
D8	现场调研 Site survey	地形多样 Diverse terrain	高山 High mountains	低山 Low mountains	丘陵 Hills	平原 Plains
D9	现场调研 Site survey	十分稀有 Very rare	稀有 Rare	一般 Average	常见 Common	十分常见 Very common
D10	资料收集 Material gathering	乡土文化十分多样 High diversity of local culture	乡土文化数量较多 More local culture	乡土文化数量一般 Usual level of local culture	乡土文化单一 Monotonous local culture	无乡土文化 No local culture
D11	现场调研 Site survey	十分浓厚 Very thick	浓厚 Thick	一般 Average	淡薄 Few	十分淡薄 Less
D12	实地监测 Field monitoring	≥1.00	0.70~<1.00	0.50~<0.70	0.30~<0.50	<0.30
D13	实地监测 Field monitoring	≤35	>35~75	>75~115	>115~150	>150
D14	资料收集 Material gathering	优于Ⅲ类 Better than Class Ⅲ	Ⅲ类 Class Ⅲ	Ⅳ类 Class Ⅳ	Ⅴ类 Class Ⅴ	劣Ⅴ类 Inferior to Class Ⅴ
D15	资料收集 Material gathering	国家标准Ⅰ类 National Standard Class Ⅰ	国家标准Ⅱ类 National Standard Class Ⅱ	国家标准Ⅲ类 National Standard Class Ⅲ	轻度污染 Light pollution	严重污染 Heavily polluted
D16	资料收集 Material gathering	国家标准Ⅰ类 National Standard Class Ⅰ	国家标准Ⅱ类 National Standard Class Ⅱ	国家标准Ⅲ类 National Standard Class Ⅲ	轻度污染 Light pollution	严重污染 Heavily polluted
D17	资料收集 Material gathering	国家标准0类 National Standard Class 0	国家标准Ⅰ类 National Standard Class Ⅰ	国家标准Ⅱ类 National Standard Class Ⅱ	国家标准Ⅲ类 National Standard Class Ⅲ	国家标准Ⅳ类 National Standard Class Ⅳ
D18	实地监测 Field monitoring	≤4.55	>4.55~5.75	>5.75~6.95	>6.95~9.00	>9.00
D19	实地监测 Field monitoring	<5	5~<10	10~<15	15~<30	≥30
D20	资料收集 Material gathering	≥90%	80%~<90%	70%~<80%	>60%~<70%	≤60%
D21	现场调研 Site survey	长势很好,无病虫害 Grow well, no pests	长势好,偶有病虫害 Good growth, occasional pests	长势一般,病虫害较多,偶有死亡 General growth, more pests and diseases, occasional death	长势差,病虫害多, 少量死亡 Poor growth, many pests and diseases, a small number of deaths	长势很差,病虫害很多,大量死亡 Very poor growth, lots of pests, lots of deaths
D22	现场调研 Site survey	具有乔、灌、草3层完整植被群落结构,各层次植物物种比例十分合理 Complete vegetation community structure with three layers of tree, shrub and grass, and reasonable proportion of plant species at each layer	具有乔、灌、草3层完整植被群落结构,各层次植物物种比例配置一般 Complete vegetation community structure with three layers of tree, shrub and grass, and acceptable proportion of plant species at each layer	具有2层植被群落结构,各层次植物物种比例配置一般 A two-layer vegetation community structure, with acceptable proportion of plant species at each layer	具有2层植被群落结构,各层次植物物种比例配置不合理 A two-layer vegetation community structure, with unreasonable proportion of plant species at each layer	只有单层植被群落结构 One layer vegetation community structure
D23	现场调研 Site survey	十分丰富 Very abundant	丰富 Abundant	一般 Average	较为单一 Monotonous	单一 Very monotonous
D24	资料收集 Material gathering	≤200 km^-2	>200~<400 km^-2	400~<600 km^-2	600~<800 km^-2	≥800 km^-2
D25	资料收集 Material gathering	≤30%	>30%~<50%	50%~<70%	70%~90%	>90%
D26	现场调研 Site survey	环境保护措施多, 成效显著 Most environmental protection measures, significant results	环境保护措施较多, 成效明显 Many environmental protection measures, obvious results	环境保护措施较少, 成效不明显 Less environmental protection measures, less results	环境保护措施少, 无成效 Lack of environmental protection measures, ineffective	无环境保护措施 No environmental protection measures
D27	资料收集 Material gathering	500~<1 000	1 000~<1 500	1 500~2 000	<500 m	>2 000 m
D28	现场调研 Site survey	十分合适 Very suitable	合适 Suitable	一般 Average	较不合适 Less suitable	不合适 Inappropriate
D29	资料收集 Material gathering	≤50 km	>50~<100 km	100~<150 km	150~<200 km	≥200 km
D30	现场调研 Site survey	与城市道路联系程度高,能到达的公共交通方式多 Very close connection with city roads, available via numerous kinds of public transportation	与城市道路联系程度较高,能到达的公共交通方式较多 Close connection with city roads, available via many kinds of public transportation	与城市道路联系程度一般,能到达的公共交通方式一般 Fairly connected to city roads. available via public transportation	与城市道路联系程度差,能达到的公共交通方式少 Poor connection with city roads, available via limited public transportation	与城市道路联系程度很差,没有能达到的公共交通 Very poor connection with city roads, unavailable via public transportation
D31	现场调研 Site survey	内部交通联系紧密, 交通方式多样 Very close internal links and numerous kinds of transportation	内部交通联系较为紧密,交通方式较多 Close internal links and many kinds of transportation	内部交通联系一般, 交通方式少 General level of internal links and less kinds of transportation	内部交通联系不紧密,交通方式单一 Loose internal links and single mode of transportation	内部交通联系十分闭塞,无往来交通方式 Very congested internal links and no transportation
D32	现场调研 Site survey	配备完整,数量充足 Fully equipped and sufficient	配备较为完整,数量基本满足需求 Equipped to meet the basic demand	偶有设施缺少,数量只能满足部分场所需求 Occasionally lack of facilities, bearable to part of site	少量设施缺失,数量不能满足需求 A small number of facilities missing to meet the demand	大量设施缺失,数量不能满足活动开展需求 A large number of facilities missing to carry out activities
D33	现场调研 Site survey	分布十分合理 Very well distributed	分布合理 Well distributed	分布一般 Rational distribution	分布不合理 Unreasonable distribution	分布十分不合理 Very unreasonable distribution
D34	现场调研 Site survey	十分丰富 Very abundant	丰富 Abundant	一般 Average	单一 Monotonous	无保健设施 Lack of health facilities
D35	现场调研Site survey	很多Very abundant	多Abundant	一般Average	少Few	无保障No guarantee

评价指标 Evaluation index	数据来源 Data source	评价标准Evaluation standard
评价指标 Evaluation index	数据来源 Data source	5分 5 points	4分 4 points	3分 3 points	2分 2 points	1分 1 point
D1	现场调研 Site survey	四季季相明显 Four seasons	三季季相明显 Three seasons	二季季相明显 Two seasons	一季季相明显 One season	季相变化不明显 No seasonal characteristics
D2	现场调研Site survey	≥0.9	0.7~<0.9	0.4~<0.7	0.1~<0.4	<0.1
D3	现场调研 Site survey	十分丰富 Very abundant	丰富 Abundant	一般 Average	单一 Monotonous	十分单一 Very monotonous
D4	现场调研 Site survey	十分协调 Very coordinated	协调 Coordinated	一般 Average	不协调 Incongruous	十分不协调 Very incongruous
D5	现场调研 Site survey	十分适宜 Very suitable	适宜 Suitable	一般 Average	不适宜 Inappropriate	十分不适宜 Very inappropriate
D6	现场调研 Site survey	很好 Excellent	好 Great	一般 Average	较差 Bad	无管理 Unmanaged
D7	现场调研 Site survey	十分干净,无垃圾 Very clean, no rubbish	干净,偶有垃圾 Clean, with occasional rubbish	一般,有少量垃圾 General hygiene, with a small amount of rubbish	较脏、乱,多量垃圾 Dirty, messy, lots of rubbish	脏、乱,大量垃圾 Very dirty and messy, a large amount of rubbish
D8	现场调研 Site survey	地形多样 Diverse terrain	高山 High mountains	低山 Low mountains	丘陵 Hills	平原 Plains
D9	现场调研 Site survey	十分稀有 Very rare	稀有 Rare	一般 Average	常见 Common	十分常见 Very common
D10	资料收集 Material gathering	乡土文化十分多样 High diversity of local culture	乡土文化数量较多 More local culture	乡土文化数量一般 Usual level of local culture	乡土文化单一 Monotonous local culture	无乡土文化 No local culture
D11	现场调研 Site survey	十分浓厚 Very thick	浓厚 Thick	一般 Average	淡薄 Few	十分淡薄 Less
D12	实地监测 Field monitoring	≥1.00	0.70~<1.00	0.50~<0.70	0.30~<0.50	<0.30
D13	实地监测 Field monitoring	≤35	>35~75	>75~115	>115~150	>150
D14	资料收集 Material gathering	优于Ⅲ类 Better than Class Ⅲ	Ⅲ类 Class Ⅲ	Ⅳ类 Class Ⅳ	Ⅴ类 Class Ⅴ	劣Ⅴ类 Inferior to Class Ⅴ
D15	资料收集 Material gathering	国家标准Ⅰ类 National Standard Class Ⅰ	国家标准Ⅱ类 National Standard Class Ⅱ	国家标准Ⅲ类 National Standard Class Ⅲ	轻度污染 Light pollution	严重污染 Heavily polluted
D16	资料收集 Material gathering	国家标准Ⅰ类 National Standard Class Ⅰ	国家标准Ⅱ类 National Standard Class Ⅱ	国家标准Ⅲ类 National Standard Class Ⅲ	轻度污染 Light pollution	严重污染 Heavily polluted
D17	资料收集 Material gathering	国家标准0类 National Standard Class 0	国家标准Ⅰ类 National Standard Class Ⅰ	国家标准Ⅱ类 National Standard Class Ⅱ	国家标准Ⅲ类 National Standard Class Ⅲ	国家标准Ⅳ类 National Standard Class Ⅳ
D18	实地监测 Field monitoring	≤4.55	>4.55~5.75	>5.75~6.95	>6.95~9.00	>9.00
D19	实地监测 Field monitoring	<5	5~<10	10~<15	15~<30	≥30
D20	资料收集 Material gathering	≥90%	80%~<90%	70%~<80%	>60%~<70%	≤60%
D21	现场调研 Site survey	长势很好,无病虫害 Grow well, no pests	长势好,偶有病虫害 Good growth, occasional pests	长势一般,病虫害较多,偶有死亡 General growth, more pests and diseases, occasional death	长势差,病虫害多, 少量死亡 Poor growth, many pests and diseases, a small number of deaths	长势很差,病虫害很多,大量死亡 Very poor growth, lots of pests, lots of deaths
D22	现场调研 Site survey	具有乔、灌、草3层完整植被群落结构,各层次植物物种比例十分合理 Complete vegetation community structure with three layers of tree, shrub and grass, and reasonable proportion of plant species at each layer	具有乔、灌、草3层完整植被群落结构,各层次植物物种比例配置一般 Complete vegetation community structure with three layers of tree, shrub and grass, and acceptable proportion of plant species at each layer	具有2层植被群落结构,各层次植物物种比例配置一般 A two-layer vegetation community structure, with acceptable proportion of plant species at each layer	具有2层植被群落结构,各层次植物物种比例配置不合理 A two-layer vegetation community structure, with unreasonable proportion of plant species at each layer	只有单层植被群落结构 One layer vegetation community structure
D23	现场调研 Site survey	十分丰富 Very abundant	丰富 Abundant	一般 Average	较为单一 Monotonous	单一 Very monotonous
D24	资料收集 Material gathering	≤200 km^-2	>200~<400 km^-2	400~<600 km^-2	600~<800 km^-2	≥800 km^-2
D25	资料收集 Material gathering	≤30%	>30%~<50%	50%~<70%	70%~90%	>90%
D26	现场调研 Site survey	环境保护措施多, 成效显著 Most environmental protection measures, significant results	环境保护措施较多, 成效明显 Many environmental protection measures, obvious results	环境保护措施较少, 成效不明显 Less environmental protection measures, less results	环境保护措施少, 无成效 Lack of environmental protection measures, ineffective	无环境保护措施 No environmental protection measures
D27	资料收集 Material gathering	500~<1 000	1 000~<1 500	1 500~2 000	<500 m	>2 000 m
D28	现场调研 Site survey	十分合适 Very suitable	合适 Suitable	一般 Average	较不合适 Less suitable	不合适 Inappropriate
D29	资料收集 Material gathering	≤50 km	>50~<100 km	100~<150 km	150~<200 km	≥200 km
D30	现场调研 Site survey	与城市道路联系程度高,能到达的公共交通方式多 Very close connection with city roads, available via numerous kinds of public transportation	与城市道路联系程度较高,能到达的公共交通方式较多 Close connection with city roads, available via many kinds of public transportation	与城市道路联系程度一般,能到达的公共交通方式一般 Fairly connected to city roads. available via public transportation	与城市道路联系程度差,能达到的公共交通方式少 Poor connection with city roads, available via limited public transportation	与城市道路联系程度很差,没有能达到的公共交通 Very poor connection with city roads, unavailable via public transportation
D31	现场调研 Site survey	内部交通联系紧密, 交通方式多样 Very close internal links and numerous kinds of transportation	内部交通联系较为紧密,交通方式较多 Close internal links and many kinds of transportation	内部交通联系一般, 交通方式少 General level of internal links and less kinds of transportation	内部交通联系不紧密,交通方式单一 Loose internal links and single mode of transportation	内部交通联系十分闭塞,无往来交通方式 Very congested internal links and no transportation
D32	现场调研 Site survey	配备完整,数量充足 Fully equipped and sufficient	配备较为完整,数量基本满足需求 Equipped to meet the basic demand	偶有设施缺少,数量只能满足部分场所需求 Occasionally lack of facilities, bearable to part of site	少量设施缺失,数量不能满足需求 A small number of facilities missing to meet the demand	大量设施缺失,数量不能满足活动开展需求 A large number of facilities missing to carry out activities
D33	现场调研 Site survey	分布十分合理 Very well distributed	分布合理 Well distributed	分布一般 Rational distribution	分布不合理 Unreasonable distribution	分布十分不合理 Very unreasonable distribution
D34	现场调研 Site survey	十分丰富 Very abundant	丰富 Abundant	一般 Average	单一 Monotonous	无保健设施 Lack of health facilities
D35	现场调研Site survey	很多Very abundant	多Abundant	一般Average	少Few	无保障No guarantee

目标层 Objective layer	评价结果 Evaluation result	准则层 Criterion layer	评价结果 Evaluation result	要素层 Element layer	评价结果 Evaluation result	指标层 Index Layer	评价结果 Evaluation result
A	很好Excellent	B1	一般Average	C1	一般Average	D1	一般 Average
						D2	差Bad
						D3	一般 Average
						D4	一般 Average
						D5	好Great
						D6	一般 Average
						D7	一般 Average
				C2	一般 Average	D8	一般 Average
						D9	一般 Average
				C3	好Great	D10	好Great
						D11	好Great
		B2	很好Excellent	C4	很好Excellent	D12	很好Excellent
						D13	好Great
						D14	好Great
						D15	很好Excellent
						D16	很好Excellent
						D17	好Great
		B3	很好Excellent	C5	很好Excellent	D18	很好Excellent
						D1	一般 Average
		B4	很好Excellent	C6	一般 Average	D20	很好Excellent
						D21	好Great
						D22	一般 Average
						D23	好Great
				C7	好Great	D24	很好Excellent
						D25	很好Excellent
						D26	好Great
		B5	好Great	C8	好Great	D27	好Great
						D28	好Great
				C9	好Great	D29	好Great
						D30	好Great
						D31	一般 Average
				C10	一般 Average	D32	一般 Average
						D33	差Bad
						D34	一般 Average
						D35	一般 Average

乡村生态保健空间评价体系的构建与实证研究——以“龙门秘境”村落景区为例

Construction of evalution system for rural ecological health-care space and emperical study: in case of “Dragon Gate Wonderlands” village scenic spot

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 4

参考文献 32

相关文章 1

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价