梨黑孢链格孢GD-011菌株除草机制的初步研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20231149

浙江农业学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (5): 1094-1101.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20231149

梨黑孢链格孢GD-011菌株除草机制的初步研究

贺宇杉¹^,²^,³(), 朱海霞¹^,²^,³^,^*()

1.青海大学农林科学院,青海西宁 810016
2.农业农村部西宁作物有害生物科学观测实验站,青海西宁 810016
3.青海省农业有害生物综合治理重点实验室,青海西宁 810016

收稿日期:2023-09-26 出版日期:2024-05-25 发布日期:2024-05-29
作者简介:贺宇杉(1999—),女,甘肃张掖人,硕士研究生,从事生物防治研究。E-mail:2633048102@qq.com
通讯作者: * 朱海霞,E-mail:zhuhaixia0101@163.com
基金资助:
青海省科技厅国际合作专项(2023-HZ-808)

Preliminary study on weeding mechanism of Alternaria gaisen GD-011 strain

HE Yushan¹^,²^,³(), ZHU Haixia¹^,²^,³^,^*()

1. Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
2. Xining Crop Pest Scientific Observation and Experiment Station, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Xining 810016, China
3. Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Management of Agricultural Pests of Qinghai Province, Xining 810016, China

Received:2023-09-26 Online:2024-05-25 Published:2024-05-29

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

近年来,微生物除草剂因具有安全、环保等优势而成为研究热点。为探究生防菌——梨黑孢链格孢Alternaria gaisen GD-011菌株对杂草的除草机理,特开展实验观察菌株GD-011侵染后密花香薷(Elsholtzia densa Benth)叶片超微结构和生理生化指标的变化,以明确其作用方式及途径。结果表明:菌株GD-011的菌丝通过气孔侵入密花香薷的叶片组织,并在组织中寄生繁殖产孢,逐渐破坏组织。菌株GD-011接种于密花香薷植株后,密花香薷体内的丙二醛(MDA)含量逐渐升高,过氧化保护酶系——超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和过氧化物酶(POD)的活性总体呈现出先上升后下降的趋势,接种后2~7 d密花香薷叶片的可溶性蛋白质含量显著(P<0.05)高于对照。综上推测,GD-011菌株通过菌丝穿过气孔及组织间隙的侵染方式破坏密花香薷的叶片组织结构,同时通过破坏细胞膜、抑制自我修复等方式达到防除杂草的目的。

关键词: 微生物除草剂, 生理生化, 超微结构, 除草机制

Abstract:

Recently, microbial herbicides have become a research hotspot due to their advantages in safety and environment protection. In order to explore the weeding mechanism of Alternaria gaisen GD-011 strain, experiments were carried out on Elsholtzia densa Benth by observing the ultrastructure changes of E. densa leaves after inoculation of GD-011 strain, as well as determining the changes of physiological and biochemical indexes of leaves. The results showed that the mycelia of strain GD-011 invaded E.densa through stomata to leaf tissue, parasitically reproduced in the tissue, produced spores, and gradually destroyed the tissue. After inoculation of strain GD-011, the malondialdehyde (MDA) content in the leaves of E. densa gradually increased. Meanwhile, the activities of antioxidant enzyme systems, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD), increased first and then decreased. The soluble protein content in the leaves of E. densa after inoculation for 2-7 d was significantly (P<0.05) higher than that in the control. In general, it was inferred that the GD-011 strain achieved weeding effect by infecting through stomata, destroying the cell membrane and tissue structure and inhibiting self-repair, etc.

Key words: microbial herbicides, physiology and biochemistry, ultrastructure, weeding mechanism

中图分类号:

S476.1

贺宇杉, 朱海霞. 梨黑孢链格孢GD-011菌株除草机制的初步研究[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2024, 36(5): 1094-1101.

HE Yushan, ZHU Haixia. Preliminary study on weeding mechanism of Alternaria gaisen GD-011 strain[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2024, 36(5): 1094-1101.

图/表 6

图1 GD-011菌株侵入密花香薷叶片0~7 d(依次对应于A~H)时扫描电镜下观察到的组织特征

Fig.1 Characteristics of Elsholtzia densa leaf tissue after inoculation of strain GD-011 for 0-7 d (A-H accordingly) by scanning electron microscope observation

图2 不同处理下密花香薷叶片的丙二醛含量同一处理下无相同字母的表示不同时间之间差异显著(P<0.05),同一时间标“*”的表示对照组与处理组差异显著。下同。

Fig.2 Malondialdehyde content of Elsholtzia densa leaves under treatments Dots marked without the same letters indicate significant difference at different time under the same treatment at P<0.05. * indicates significant difference between the CK group and the treatment group at P<0.05.The same as below.

图3 不同处理下密花香薷叶片的过氧化氢酶活性

Fig.3 Catalase activity of Elsholtzia densa leaves under treatments

图4 不同处理下密花香薷叶片的过氧化物酶活性

Fig.4 Peroxidase activity of Elsholtzia densa leaves under treatments

图5 不同处理下密花香薷叶片的超氧化物歧化酶活性

Fig.5 Superoxide dismutase activity of Elsholtzia densa leaves under treatments

图6 不同处理下密花香薷叶片的可溶性蛋白质含量

Fig.6 Soluble protein content of Elsholtzia densa leaves under treatments

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梨黑孢链格孢GD-011菌株除草机制的初步研究

Preliminary study on weeding mechanism of Alternaria gaisen GD-011 strain

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