豆瓣菜在镉铅复合污染条件下的镉铅积累特性

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20221812

浙江农业学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (11): 2664-2672.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20221812

豆瓣菜在镉铅复合污染条件下的镉铅积累特性

王建兵¹^,²(), 王金涛³, 颜可昕³, 郭小兰¹, 王盾¹, 戴洪文³

1.惠州学院生命科学学院,广东惠州 516007
2.中山大学生命科学学院,广东广州 510631
3.肇庆学院生命科学学院,广东肇庆 526061

收稿日期:2022-12-19 出版日期:2023-11-25 发布日期:2023-12-04
作者简介:王建兵(1966—),男,湖南湘潭人,博士,研究员级高级工程师,研究方向为植物环境生态。E-mail:13360428495@126.com
基金资助:
广东省自然科学基金(S2011010004936);广东省自然科学基金(2022A1515111095);广东省教育厅科技特色创新项目(2018KTSCX214);广东省农村科技特派员重点任务派驻项目(KTP20200288);惠州学院教学质量工程项目(ZXKF2020009)

Cadmium and lead accumulation characteristics of watercress under cadmium-lead combined pollution

WANG Jianbing¹^,²(), WANG Jintao³, YAN Kexin³, GUO Xiaolan¹, WANG Dun¹, DAI Hongwen³

1. School of Life Science, Huizhou University, Huizhou 516007, Guangdong, China
2. School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510631, China
3. School of Life Sciences, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing 526061, Guangdong, China

Received:2022-12-19 Online:2023-11-25 Published:2023-12-04

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了弄清豆瓣菜在镉铅复合污染条件下对镉、铅的吸收积累特性,以前期试验筛选得到的镉高积累、低积累基因型为材料,采用镉铅复合污染土壤处理进行盆栽试验,研究镉铅复合污染对豆瓣菜地上部生物量,镉、铅含量与富集系数的影响。结果表明,在中度镉污染条件下(土壤全镉含量0.56~0.58 mg·kg^-1),中、高浓度铅处理下供试各基因型豆瓣菜地上部生物量(鲜重)的平均值均较低浓度铅处理显著(P<0.05)增加,增幅均为10.2%,说明土壤中一定浓度的铅促进了豆瓣菜的生长。供试的8个镉低积累基因型豆瓣菜的地上部镉含量和镉富集系数均显著低于镉高积累基因型。随着处理铅浓度的升高,各基因型豆瓣菜的地上部镉含量显著升高,说明土壤中的铅促进了豆瓣菜对镉的吸收和积累。豆瓣菜对铅的吸收和积累能力较弱,不论是镉高积累基因型还是低积累基因型,其地上部的铅富集系数均很小,最大值仅为0.075,在试验条件下的地上部铅含量均不超过国际食品法典委员会标准的限量值(0.3 mg.kg^-1),可认为豆瓣菜受铅污染的风险较弱。

关键词: 豆瓣菜, 镉铅复合污染, 重金属积累特性

Abstract:

In order to find out the cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) accumulation characteristics of watercress (Nasturtium officinale R. Br.) under Cd-Pb combined pollution, the high and low cadmium accumulation genotypes of watercress screened in prior tests were utilized in the present study, and the changes of aboveground biomass, Cd, Pb content and accumulation factor of watercress were examined via pot experiments. It was shown that the average aboveground biomass (fresh weight) of watercress under medium and high dose Pb treatment was significantly (P<0.05) increased both by 10.2% than that under low Pb treatment with medium Cd contamination (total Cd content in soil was 0.56-0.58 mg·kg^-1), which indicated that a certain concentration of Pb in the soil promoted the growth of watercress. The Cd content and accumulation factor in the aboveground part of low cadmium accumulation genotypes of watercress were significantly lower than those of high cadmium accumulation genotypes. With the increase of Pb concentration in soil, Cd content in the aboveground part of watercress was significantly enhanced, which indicated that Pb promoted the absorption and accumulation of Cd in watercress. However, the Pb uptake and accumulation of watercress were relatively low. The Pb accumulation factor of all the tested genotypes was small, as the maximum value was 0.075. Under the experiment conditions, the Pb content in the aboveground part of watercress was below the limit of the Codex Alimentarius Commission (CAC) standard. So, the risk of Pb contamination of watercress was generally low.

Key words: watercress, cadmium and lead combined pollution, heavy metal accumulation characteristics

中图分类号:

S636
X56

王建兵, 王金涛, 颜可昕, 郭小兰, 王盾, 戴洪文. 豆瓣菜在镉铅复合污染条件下的镉铅积累特性[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2023, 35(11): 2664-2672.

WANG Jianbing, WANG Jintao, YAN Kexin, GUO Xiaolan, WANG Dun, DAI Hongwen. Cadmium and lead accumulation characteristics of watercress under cadmium-lead combined pollution[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2023, 35(11): 2664-2672.

图/表 7

参考文献 37

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处理 Treatment	pH值 pH value	有机质含量 Organic matter content/%	全氮含量 Total N content/ (g·kg^-1)	速效磷含量 Available P content/ (mg·kg^-1)	速效钾含量 Available K content/ (mg·kg^-1)	全镉含量 Total Cd content/ (mg·kg^-1)	有效镉含量 Available Cd content/ (mg·kg^-1)	全铅含量 Total Pb content/ (mg·kg^-1)	有效铅含量 Available Pb content/ (mg·kg^-1)
LPb	6.54	2.01	1.42	67.03	131.38	0.56	0.33	31.02	5.06
MPb	6.39	2.09	1.56	68.38	138.34	0.59	0.33	55.19	9.45
HPb	6.50	2.24	1.60	71.58	140.56	0.58	0.34	105.56	29.30

处理 Treatment	pH值 pH value	有机质含量 Organic matter content/%	全氮含量 Total N content/ (g·kg^-1)	速效磷含量 Available P content/ (mg·kg^-1)	速效钾含量 Available K content/ (mg·kg^-1)	全镉含量 Total Cd content/ (mg·kg^-1)	有效镉含量 Available Cd content/ (mg·kg^-1)	全铅含量 Total Pb content/ (mg·kg^-1)	有效铅含量 Available Pb content/ (mg·kg^-1)
LPb	6.54	2.01	1.42	67.03	131.38	0.56	0.33	31.02	5.06
MPb	6.39	2.09	1.56	68.38	138.34	0.59	0.33	55.19	9.45
HPb	6.50	2.24	1.60	71.58	140.56	0.58	0.34	105.56	29.30

基因型Genotype	LPb	MPb	HPb
G4	14.0 cd	17.9 bc	21.6 a
G5	27.4 a	21.6 a	20.8 a
G11	9.4 f	12.9 de	14.7 bcd
G14	13.5 cd	19.9 ab	16.7 b
G16	11.8 de	16.0 cd	12.4 cde
G17	8.9 f	8.3 f	14.2 bcd
G18	20.8 b	19.0 abc	11.1 e
G19	10.8 ef	21.3 ab	15.2 bc
G20	15.0 c	11.5 e	23.2 a
G25	15.1 c	13.4 de	12.0 de

基因型Genotype	LPb	MPb	HPb
G4	14.0 cd	17.9 bc	21.6 a
G5	27.4 a	21.6 a	20.8 a
G11	9.4 f	12.9 de	14.7 bcd
G14	13.5 cd	19.9 ab	16.7 b
G16	11.8 de	16.0 cd	12.4 cde
G17	8.9 f	8.3 f	14.2 bcd
G18	20.8 b	19.0 abc	11.1 e
G19	10.8 ef	21.3 ab	15.2 bc
G20	15.0 c	11.5 e	23.2 a
G25	15.1 c	13.4 de	12.0 de

基因型Genotype	LPb	MPb	HPb
G4	0.047 b	0.075 b	0.092 a
G5	0.066 a	0.085 a	0.084 a
G11	0.018 de	0.043 d	0.039 bc
G14	0.029 cd	0.029 ef	0.026 c
G16	0.011 e	0.033 de	0.029 c
G17	0.033 c	0.060 c	0.055 b
G18	0.019 de	0.027 ef	0.029 c
G19	0.033 c	0.040 d	0.036 c
G20	0.021 de	0.021 f	0.029 c
G25	0.022 cde	0.026 ef	0.056 b

豆瓣菜在镉铅复合污染条件下的镉铅积累特性

Cadmium and lead accumulation characteristics of watercress under cadmium-lead combined pollution

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基因型Genotype	LPb	MPb	HPb
G4	0.107 c	0.087 de	0.180 b
G5	0.125 bc	0.167 b	0.181 b
G11	0.185 ab	0.074 e	0.191 ab
G14	0.149 bc	0.113 cde	0.196 ab
G16	0.123 bc	0.082 de	0.150 b
G17	0.164 abc	0.132 bcd	0.170 b
G18	0.182 ab	0.082 de	0.229 ab
G19	0.222 a	0.232 a	0.230 ab
G20	0.221 a	0.143 bc	0.276 a
G25	0.142 bc	0.079 e	0.169 b

基因型Genotype	LPb	MPb	HPb
G4	3.483 b	5.329 b	6.641 a
G5	4.878 a	6.098 a	6.042 a
G11	1.320 de	3.070 d	2.831 bc
G14	2.163 cd	2.062 fg	1.907 c
G16	0.849 e	2.353 ef	2.117 c
G17	2.438 c	4.256 c	3.934 b
G18	1.443 de	1.893 fg	2.109 c
G19	2.452 c	2.866 de	2.577 c
G20	1.542 de	1.475 g	2.043 c
G25	1.638 cde	1.873 fg	4.045 b

基因型Genotype	LPb	MPb	HPb
G4	0.043 b	0.019 cd	0.019 cde
G5	0.043 b	0.038 ab	0.020 bcde
G11	0.074 a	0.016 d	0.023 abcde
G14	0.056 ab	0.024 cd	0.024 abcd
G16	0.044 b	0.017 d	0.016 e
G17	0.055 ab	0.027 cd	0.017 de
G18	0.049 b	0.016 d	0.026 abc
G19	0.075 a	0.047 a	0.027 ab
G20	0.071 a	0.029 bc	0.028 a
G25	0.047 b	0.017 d	0.023 abcde

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