浅埋滴灌条件下不同灌水量对春玉米干物质积累与转运的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2017.08.03

浙江农业学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (8): 1234-1242.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2017.08.03

浅埋滴灌条件下不同灌水量对春玉米干物质积累与转运的影响

李媛媛^{1, 2}, 杨恒山^{1, *}, 张瑞富¹, 范秀艳¹, 李金琴³, 柳宝林¹, 德力格尔¹

1. 内蒙古民族大学农学院,内蒙古通辽 028043；
2. 内蒙古自治区饲用作物工程技术研究中心,内蒙古通辽 028043；
3. 通辽市农业技术推广站,内蒙古通辽 028015

收稿日期:2017-03-31 出版日期:2017-08-20 发布日期:2017-09-06
通讯作者: 杨恒山,E-mail: yanghengshan2003@aliyun.com
作者简介:李媛媛(1982-),女,河北唐山人,硕士,讲师,主要从事作物栽培与节水技术研究。E-mail: liyuanyuan20131128@126.com
基金资助:
国家科技支撑计划项目(2013BAD07B04); 内蒙古自治区饲用作物工程技术研究中心项目(MDK2017006); 博士启动项目(BS328)

Effects of different irrigation amount on dry matter accumulation and transportation of spring maize under shallow subsurface drip irrigation

LI Yuanyuan^{1, 2}, YANG Hengshan^{1, *}, ZHANG Ruifu¹, FAN Xiuyan¹, LI Jinqin³, LIU Baolin¹, DELIGEER¹

1. College of Agronomy, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao 028043, China;
2. Engineering Research Center of Forage Crops of Inner Mongolia Autonomous, Tongliao 028043, China;
3. Agricultural Technology Extension Station of Tongliao, Tongliao 028015, China

Received:2017-03-31 Online:2017-08-20 Published:2017-09-06

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探究春玉米干物质积累、转运及产量的差异,以及其在浅埋滴灌条件下的适宜灌水量,以郑单958为供试品种,采用大田试验方法,共设置6个灌水量水平,即浅埋滴灌条件下每次灌水量分别为0、13、26、39、52 mm,传统漫灌条件下每次灌水量80 mm。结果表明,随灌水量的增加,吐丝前干物质积累量增加,吐丝后先升后降;从完熟期物质积累构成来看,茎、叶、茎+叶+籽粒以浅埋滴灌条件下每次灌水量52 mm处理最大,而籽粒则以浅埋滴灌每次灌水量39 mm处理最大。随着灌水量的增加,干物质转运量、转运效率和对籽粒的贡献率总体上呈先升后降的趋势,以浅埋滴灌每次灌水量39 mm处理最高。在产量构成因素中,穗长、穗粗、穗粒数、千粒重与产量的相关性均达到极显著正相关水平。浅埋滴灌每次灌水量39 mm处理比当地传统漫灌每次灌水量80 mm处理增产6.03%,灌水量节约26.56%,经济效益增长6.78%。在试验地区,浅埋滴灌每次灌水量39 mm既增产又节水、节膜,是春玉米高产栽培中适宜的灌水量。

关键词: 浅埋滴灌, 灌水量, 春玉米, 干物质, 传统漫灌

Abstract: In order to determine the suitable irrigation amount and provide reference for spring maize, effects of different irrigation amounts (0, 13, 26, 39, 52 mm every time under shallow subsurface drip irrigation and 80 mm every time under flood irrigation) on dry matter accumulation and transportation of spring maize were studied through field experiments using Zhengdan 958. The results showed that with the increase of irrigation amount, dry matter accumulation levels increased before silking, while increased first and then decreased after silking. From the composition of dry matter accumulation at immature stage, stems, leaves and stems+leaves+grains reached the maximum under the shallow subsurface drip irrigation 52 mm a time, and grains reached the maximum under the shallow subsurface drip irrigation 39 mm a time. Dry matter transportation amount, dry matter transportation efficiency and contribution rate of dry matter transportation to grain were increased first and then decreased with the the increase of irrigation amount, and reached the highest under the shallow subsurface drip irrigation 39 mm a time. The yield was significantly positively correlated with ear length, ear diameter, grain number per ear and 1 000-grain weight in the yield component factors. Compared with traditional flood irrigation 80 mm a time, yield of shallow subsurface drip irrigation 39 mm a time increased 6.03%, irrigation amount was saved 26.56% and economic benefit increased 6.78%. In the experimental area, the shallow subsurface drip irrigation 39 mm a time which could increase yield, save water and mulch was the suitable irrigation amount for high yield cultivation of spring maize.

Key words: shallow subsurface drip irrigation, irrigation amount, spring maize, dry matter, flood irrigation

中图分类号:

S513

李媛媛, 杨恒山, 张瑞富, 范秀艳, 李金琴, 柳宝林, 德力格尔. 浅埋滴灌条件下不同灌水量对春玉米干物质积累与转运的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2017, 29(8): 1234-1242.

LI Yuanyuan, YANG Hengshan, ZHANG Ruifu, FAN Xiuyan, LI Jinqin, LIU Baolin, DELIGEER. Effects of different irrigation amount on dry matter accumulation and transportation of spring maize under shallow subsurface drip irrigation[J]. , 2017, 29(8): 1234-1242.

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浅埋滴灌条件下不同灌水量对春玉米干物质积累与转运的影响

Effects of different irrigation amount on dry matter accumulation and transportation of spring maize under shallow subsurface drip irrigation

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