温度对高粱蚜生命参数的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2018.09.14

浙江农业学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (9): 1541-1547.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2018.09.14

温度对高粱蚜生命参数的影响

武德功, 杜军利^*, 黄保宏, 詹秋文, 毕亚玲, 黄伟东, 刘言龙

安徽科技学院农学院,安徽凤阳 233100

收稿日期:2017-12-18 出版日期:2018-09-25 发布日期:2018-10-15
作者简介:武德功(1980—),男,河南周口人,博士,讲师,主要研究方向为农业昆虫与害虫防治。E-mail: wudegong118@163.com

Life table and population parameters of sorghum aphid (Melanaphis sacchari) under different temperatures

WU Degong, DU Junli^*, HUANG Baohong, ZHAN Qiuwen, BI Yaling, HUANG Weidong, LIU Yanlong

College of Agriculture, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, China

Received:2017-12-18 Online:2018-09-25 Published:2018-10-15
Contact: 杜军利,E-mail: adu83419@163.com
Supported by:
安徽科技学院人才引进项目(ZRC2014399); 安徽省教育厅重点项目(KJ2016A825); 安徽省级草学学科建设重大项目(皖教秘科〔2014〕28号); 国家自然科学基金(31301383); 2018年安徽省高校优秀青年骨干人才国内访问研修项目(gxgnfx2018021); 安徽科技学院植物保护重点学科经费资助项目(AKZDXK2015C04); 安徽省省级质量工程项目植物保护特色专业专项(2015tszy022)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用生命表构建技术研究了不同温度(12、15、18、21、24、27、28 ℃)对高粱蚜种群生命参数的影响。结果表明,随着温度的升高,高粱蚜若虫发育历期和成虫寿命逐渐缩短,在12 ℃时高粱蚜若虫平均发育历期为18.32 d,28 ℃时为5.04 d,二者相差3.63倍;成虫平均寿命在12 ℃时为56.42 d,28 ℃时为18.23 d,二者相差3.09倍。内禀增长率、净增殖率、周限增长率、平均世代周期、种群加倍时间在不同温度间也存在显著差异。内禀增长率、净增殖率、周限增长率在24 ℃时最高,温度升高或降低其值均下降。12 ℃时内禀增长率、周限增长率最低,分别为0.126、1.134;28 ℃时净增殖率最低,为31.04。种群加倍时间在24 ℃时最短,12 ℃时最长;平均世代周期随温度升高而逐渐变短,12 ℃时为33.32 d,28 ℃时为12.02 d。综上所述,温度对高粱蚜的生长发育存在显著影响,在低温和高温条件下高粱蚜的生长发育受到抑制,发育缓慢;24 ℃是高粱蚜的最适生长温度,该温度下害虫内禀增长率高,世代周期短,种群快速增长。研究结果有助于人们了解高粱蚜在高粱植株上的种群动态,为高粱蚜的预测预报及综合防控策略的制定奠定基础。

关键词: 高粱蚜, 生命表, 发育历期, 内禀增长率

Abstract: The life table construction technique was used to study the effects of different temperatures (12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, 28 ℃) on the life parameters of the sorghum aphid population. The results showed that the developmental times of nymphs and adult longevity of Melanaphis sacchari decreased significantly as constant temperature increased. The average development period of the nymphs of sorghum aphid was 18.32 d at 12 ℃, 5.04 d at 28 ℃, and 3.63 times the difference between the two. The average longevity of adults was 56.42 d at 12 ℃, 18.23 d at 28 ℃, and 3.09 times the difference between the two. The intrinsic rate of increase (r_m), net reproductive rate (R_o), finite rate of increase (λ), mean generation time (T) and double population time (t) were also significantly different under different temperatures. The intrinsic rate of increase (r_m), net reproductive rate (R_o), finite rate of increase (λ) reached the highest at 24 ℃, as the temperature increased or decreased, the intrinsic rate of increase (r_m), net reproductive rate (R_o), finite rate of increase (λ) all decreased. The intrinsic rate of increase (r_m) and finite rate of increase (λ) were the lowest at 12 ℃, which were 0.126 and 1.134, respectively. The lowest net reproductive rate (R_o) at 28 ℃ was 31.04. The double population time (t) was the shortest at 24 ℃ and the longest at 12 ℃.The mean generation time (T) became shorter with temperature, 33.32 d at 12 ℃ and 12.02 d at 28 ℃. In summary, the temperature had a significant effect on the growth and development of sorghum apid, and the growth and development of sorghum aphid were inhibited and the development was slow at low and high temperatures. 24 ℃ was the optimum growth temperature for sorghum aphid, at this temperature, the intrinsic growth rate of sorghum aphid was high, the generation cycle was short, and the population increased rapidly. These results would help us understand the population dynamics of sorghum aphid on sorghum plants, and lay a solid foundation for the prediction of sorghum aphid.

Key words: Melanaphis sacchari, life table, developmental duration, intrinsic rate of increase

中图分类号:

S433

武德功, 杜军利, 黄保宏, 詹秋文, 毕亚玲, 黄伟东, 刘言龙. 温度对高粱蚜生命参数的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2018, 30(9): 1541-1547.

WU Degong, DU Junli, HUANG Baohong, ZHAN Qiuwen, BI Yaling, HUANG Weidong, LIU Yanlong. Life table and population parameters of sorghum aphid (Melanaphis sacchari) under different temperatures[J]. , 2018, 30(9): 1541-1547.

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温度对高粱蚜生命参数的影响

Life table and population parameters of sorghum aphid (Melanaphis sacchari) under different temperatures

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