喀斯特特有植物罗甸小米核桃响应土壤水分的表型可塑性

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2021.02.09

浙江农业学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (2): 259-269.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2021.02.09

喀斯特特有植物罗甸小米核桃响应土壤水分的表型可塑性

程晶^a^,^b(), 刘济明^a^,^b^,^*(), 王姝^a^,^b, 王灯^a^,^b, 李丽霞^a^,^b, 徐国瑞^a^,^b, 陈梦^a^,^b, 黄路婷^a^,^b

a.林学院贵州大学,贵州贵阳 550025
b.森林生态研究中心贵州大学,贵州贵阳 550025

收稿日期:2020-07-03 出版日期:2021-02-25 发布日期:2021-02-25
通讯作者: 刘济明
作者简介:*刘济明,E-mail: karst0623@163.com
程晶(1995—),女,吉林长春人,硕士研究生,研究方向为植物生态学。E-mail: 15804470360@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(NSFC31800335);贵州省科技计划(黔科合支撑〔2019〕2774号);贵州省林业厅重大项目(黔林科合〔2010〕重大04号);黔南州社会发展科技计划“黔南石漠化生态治理与示范研究”;青年教师国家自然科学基金培育项目优先资助项目(黔科合平台人才〔2017〕5788)

Plasticity of a karst endemic plant Juglans regia L. f. luodianense Liu et Xu in response to soil moisture

CHENG Jing^a^,^b(), LIU Jiming^a^,^b^,^*(), WANG Shu^a^,^b, WANG Deng^a^,^b, LI Lixia^a^,^b, XU Guorui^a^,^b, CHEN Meng^a^,^b, HUANG Luting^a^,^b

a. College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
b. Forest Ecology Research Center, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China

Received:2020-07-03 Online:2021-02-25 Published:2021-02-25
Contact: LIU Jiming

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了解喀斯特特有植物在不同水分条件下的可塑性差异及适应能力,以1年生罗甸小米核桃幼苗为研究对象,设置不同水分条件[(100±5)%、(80±5)%、(60±5)%、(40±5)%],探讨罗甸小米核桃幼苗形态、生物量分配和生理特征的可塑性差异。结果表明,与CK组相比,罗甸小米核桃幼苗在高水与低水胁迫下的苗高、地径生长量均降低,根长、叶面积与比叶面积下降,叶片肉质化程度显著下降,叶片组织结构紧密度在中度低水(40±5)%下升高;总生物量下降,茎叶生物分配量均降低,在中度低水胁迫下其根部资源投入增多,根冠比增加;净光合速率(P_n)和蒸腾速率(T_r)均降低,气孔导度(G_s)在轻度高水(100±5)%下略微升高,胞间CO₂浓度(C_i)基本稳定。叶绿素b和叶绿素总量仅在轻度高水下升高。综合罗甸小米核桃幼苗在不同水分条件的可塑性指标(范围为0.02~0.50),净光合速率最高0.50,其次为叶面积和茎生物量,叶绿素a可塑性最低0.02。罗甸小米核桃幼苗对水分可塑响应的敏感程度及调控机制存在明显差异,主要通过塑造叶面积、茎生物量、净光合速率等性状协同调控。在正常供水(80±5)%和轻度高水胁迫(100±5)%下可以满足罗甸小米核桃幼苗生长对水分的需求。

关键词: 喀斯特特有植物, 罗甸小米核桃, 土壤水分, 可塑性

Abstract:

To understand the adaptability and the plasticity difference of Karst endemic plants to different water conditions, taking 1-year-old Juglans regia L. f. luodianense Liu et Xu as the study material, the differences in plasticity of morphological, biomass allocation, physiological characteristics of seedlings of J. regia L. f. luodianense Liu et Xu were discussed under different water conditions [(100±5)%, (80±5)%, (60±5)%, (40±5)%]. The results showed that, compared with CK group, the response of J. regia L. f. luodianense Liu et Xu under high and low water stress was as follows: seedling height, ground diameter growth, root length, leaf area and specific leaf area all decreased; fleshy degree of leaves significantly decreased, and compactness of leaf tissue structure increased under moderate low water stress (40±5)%. Distribution of plant stem and leaf resources decreased, the root resource input and the root-cap ratio increased under moderate low water stress, and total biomass decreased. Net photosynthetic rate (P_n) and transpiration rate (T_r) were all reduced, stomatal conductance (G_s) was slightly increased at mild high water level (100±5)%, and intercellular CO₂ concentration (C_i) was basically stable. The content of chlorophyll b and total amount of chlorophyll only increased under mild high water stress. Based on the plasticity indexes (ranging from 0.02 to 0.50) of seedlings of J. regia L. f.luodianense Liu et Xu under different water conditions, the net photosynthetic rate was up to 0.50, followed by leaf area and stem biomass, and chlorophyll a had a minimum plasticity of 0.02. There were significant differences in the sensitivity and regulatory mechanism to the plastic responses of different water conditions of seedlings of J. regia L. f. luodianense Liu et Xu, which were regulated by leaf area, stem biomass, and net photosynthetic rate. Under normal water supply (80±5)% and mild high water stress (100±5)%, the water demand for the growth of seedlings of J. regia L. f.luodianense Liu et Xu could be satisfied.

Key words: Karst endemic plant, Juglans regia L. f. luodianense Liu et Xu, soil moisture, plasticity

中图分类号:

S718.52

程晶, 刘济明, 王姝, 王灯, 李丽霞, 徐国瑞, 陈梦, 黄路婷. 喀斯特特有植物罗甸小米核桃响应土壤水分的表型可塑性[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2021, 33(2): 259-269.

CHENG Jing, LIU Jiming, WANG Shu, WANG Deng, LI Lixia, XU Guorui, CHEN Meng, HUANG Luting. Plasticity of a karst endemic plant Juglans regia L. f. luodianense Liu et Xu in response to soil moisture[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2021, 33(2): 259-269.

图/表 7

表1 不同水分条件下罗甸小米核桃幼苗形态特征

Table 1 Morphological traits of J. regia seedlings under different water conditions

处理 Treatment	苗高 Height/cm	地径 Diameter/cm	叶面积 Leaf area/cm²	比叶面积 SLA/(cm²·g)	根茎比 RRS	根长 RL/cm	叶片肉质化程度LS
CK	53.10±1.56 a	1.08±0.05 a	5 194.78±100.26 a	311.17±5.61 a	0.74±0.02 a	42.82±0.88 a	3.52±0.07 a
W1	50.48±1.21 ab	1.11±0.05 a	4 690.26±89.05 b	318.99±6.36 a	0.84±0.01 a	39.51±0.78 a	3.59±0.09 a
W2	45.10±0.59 b	1.08±0.03 a	3 069.02±59.27 cd	251.99±3.21 b	0.88±0.03 a	36.88±0.65 a	3.46±0.04 a
W3	47.82±1.06 b	0.94±0.03 b	2 705.54±78.01 d	254.54±4.69 b	0.77±0.01 a	39.85±0.75 a	2.24±0.08 b

表2 不同水分条件下叶片组织厚度

Table 2 Blade thickness under different water conditions

处理 Treatment	栅栏组织厚度 Palisade tissue thickness/μm	海绵组织厚度 Spongy tissue thickness/μm	叶片总厚度 LT/μm	栅/海 Palisade tissue/ spongy tissue	叶片组织结构紧密度 CTR/%	叶片组织结构疏松度 SR/%
CK	45.293±0.816 aA	55.876±0.823 abAB	124.198±1.211 aA	0.811±0.015 aAB	36.5±0.005 aA	45.0±0.3 bcAC
W1	43.764±1.173 aA	51.600±1.683 bB	119.444±1.795 abAB	0.848±0.035 aA	36.6±0.008 aA	43.2±0.9 cC
W2	33.683±0.762 cC	58.552±1.942 aA	116.076±1.020 bcB	0.575±0.016 cC	29.0±0.004 cB	50.4±0.9 aA
W3	38.389±1.012 bB	54.013±1.679 abAB	113.783±1.768 cB	0.711±0.035 bB	33.7±0.011 bA	47.5±0.9 abAB

图1 不同水分条件下罗甸小米核桃幼苗各部位生物量积累同组数据间没有相同大小写字母表示差异显著或极显著(P<0.05或<0.01)。下同。

Fig.1 Biomass accumulation of J.regia seedlings under different water conditions Group data between different capital letters indicated significant or extremely significant difference (P<0.05 or<0.01). The same as below.

图2 不同水分条件下罗甸小米核桃幼苗各部位生物量分配

Fig.2 Biomass distribution of J. regia seedlings under different water conditions

图3 不同水分条件下罗甸小米核桃幼苗叶绿素含量变化

Fig.3 Chlorophyll content of J. regia seedlings under different water conditions

图4 不同水分条件下罗甸小米核桃幼苗光合参数变化

Fig.4 Photosynthetic parameters of J. regia seedlings under different water conditions

图5 不同指标的可塑性值

Fig.5 Values of plasticity for different indices

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喀斯特特有植物罗甸小米核桃响应土壤水分的表型可塑性

Plasticity of a karst endemic plant Juglans regia L. f. luodianense Liu et Xu in response to soil moisture

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