国槐与其他树种绿化废弃物混合施用对石油污染土壤修复效果的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20230377

浙江农业学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (4): 859-869.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20230377

国槐与其他树种绿化废弃物混合施用对石油污染土壤修复效果的影响

刘冲(), 王羿人, 周雯星, 张晓曦()

延安大学生命科学学院,陕西延安 716000

收稿日期:2023-03-22 出版日期:2024-04-25 发布日期:2024-04-29
作者简介:刘冲(1979—),男,陕西西安人,硕士,讲师,研究方向为园林花卉学与园林绿化废弃物资源化利用。E-mail: liuchong0627@163.com
通讯作者: *张晓曦,E-mail:zhangxiaoxi712100@gmail.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(31800370);陕西省教育厅科学研究计划(17JK0871);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划(2018JQ4047);国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202310719025)

Effects of mixed addition of greenery wastes from Styphnolobium japonicum and other plants on remediation effects on petroleum-polluted soil

LIU Chong(), WANG Yiren, ZHOU Wenxing, ZHANG Xiaoxi()

School of Life Sciences, Yan’an University, Yan’an 716000, Shaanxi, China

Received:2023-03-22 Online:2024-04-25 Published:2024-04-29
Contact: ZHANG Xiaoxi

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

采用室内模拟试验,研究了国槐废弃物分别与侧柏、云杉、油松、元宝槭和刺柏等5种常见园林绿化植物废弃物等质量混合对其修复石油污染土壤效果的影响,以期为合理利用绿化废弃物资源修复石油污染土壤提供理论依据。结果表明:国槐分别与侧柏、云杉、元宝槭或刺柏废弃物混合的添加形式普遍能够显著(P<0.05)强化对石油(至少是其饱和烃组分)的降解效率,提高土壤脲酶、碱性磷酸酶和脱氢酶活性,但上述混合处理普遍不影响甚至会削弱绿化废弃物对土壤速效氮、磷养分含量的提高效果。国槐与油松废弃物的混合添加形式对所有方面的修复效果普遍产生拮抗削弱。混合绿化废弃物中较高的氮、磷、氨基酸和有机酸含量有利于其降解石油或其部分组分,前三者同时有利于提高土壤速效氮素(主要是铵态氮)含量,及脲酶和脱氢酶活性;较高的酚类物质含量有助于提高土壤转化酶、碱性磷酸酶、过氧化氢酶活性;而较高的内部化学分异和萜类物质含量则分别不利于其降解饱和烃组分以及提高土壤脲酶和过氧化氢酶活性。总体而言,以适当的组合形式添加绿化废弃物可以强化其对石油污染土壤的修复效果。

关键词: 绿化废弃物, 混合分解, 非加和效应, 土壤石油污染

Abstract:

Based on the indoor simulated experiment, the remediation effects of mixed addition of greenery wastes from Styphnolobium japonicum with Platycladus orientalis, Picea asperata, Pinus tabuliformis, Acer truncatum, and Juniperus formosana, commonly used trees in urban landscaping in a mass ratio of 1∶1, respectively, on petroleum polluted soil were investigated, to provide scientific basis for the reasonable utilization of greenery waste in petroleum-polluted soil remediation. It was shown that the mixed application of S. japonicum waste with P. orientalis, P. asperata, A. truncatum, or J. formosana waste could significantly (P<0.05) strengthen the efficiency of greenery waste in removing petroleum pollutants (at least the removal of saturated hydrocarbons). Meanwhile, it could enhance the stimulating effects on soil urease, alkaline phosphatase and dehydrogenase activities. However, the mixed additions hindered the replenishing of soil available nitrogen and phosphorus. The mixed addition of S. japonicum and P. tabuliformiswastes negatively affected the remediation efficiency both in pollutants removal and soil chemical and biological properties recovery. Mixed greenery wastes with higher contents of nitrogen, phosphorus, amino acids and organic acids exhibited higher efficiency in degrading petroleum pollutants, the wastes with higher contents of nitrogen, phosphorus, amino acid also exhibited higher efficiency in increasing the soil available nitrogen (mainly ammonium nitrogen) content and urease and dehydrogenase activities, while those with higher phenolics content exhibited more favorable effects in increasing soil invertase, alkaline phosphatase and catalase activities. However, mixed greenery wastes with high internal chemical dispersion and terpenoids contents tended to weaken the ability of removing saturated hydrocarbons and increasing soil urease and catalase activities. In conclusion, adding greenery wastes in a suitable mixing form could strengthen the remediating effects on petroleum contaminated soil.

Key words: greenery waste, mixed decomposition, non-additive effect, soil petroleum pollution

中图分类号:

S792.26
X53

刘冲, 王羿人, 周雯星, 张晓曦. 国槐与其他树种绿化废弃物混合施用对石油污染土壤修复效果的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2024, 36(4): 859-869.

LIU Chong, WANG Yiren, ZHOU Wenxing, ZHANG Xiaoxi. Effects of mixed addition of greenery wastes from Styphnolobium japonicum and other plants on remediation effects on petroleum-polluted soil[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2024, 36(4): 859-869.

图/表 5

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绿化废弃物 Greenery waste	碳含量 C content/ (g·kg^-1)	氮含量 N content/ (g·kg^-1)	磷含量 P content/ (g·kg^-1)	水溶总酚含量 Soluble phenols content/ (g·kg^-1)	可溶性糖含量 Soluble saccharides content/(g·kg^-1)	萜类含量 Terpenoids content/ (g·kg^-1)	氨基酸含量 Amino acids content/ (mg·kg^-1)	黄酮含量 Flavonoids content/ (g·kg^-1)	有机酸含量 Organic acids content/ (mg·kg^-1)
国槐 Styphnolobium japonicum	362.83± 14.15 b	23.86± 0.75 a	1.37± 0.06 ab	7.28± 0.24 d	1.11± 0.03 d	1.74± 0.29 d	7.99± 0.01 a	7.02± 1.30 d	5.87± 0.48 b
侧柏 Platycladus orientalis	436.23± 15.32 a	10.82± 0.52 b	0.95± 0.06 b	17.00± 2.04 c	2.04± 0.24 c	33.66± 8.93 c	1.73± 0.02 d	37.28± 8.28 c	2.48± 0.07 cd
云杉 Picea asperata	261.76± 9.15 c	13.20± 2.24 b	1.57± 0.23 a	21.72± 0.48 b	4.65± 0.56 a	43.11± 2.32 c	0.89± 0.15 e	84.81± 2.72 a	11.27± 0.27 a
油松 Pinus tabuliformis	274.19± 11.88 c	5.76± 0.19 c	0.12± 0.01 c	19.31± 0.51 bc	2.91± 0.28 b	93.91± 7.24 a	0.81± 0.11 e	60.74± 4.29 b	3.62± 0.36 c
元宝槭 Acer truncatum	240.30± 17.72 c	19.36± 2.92 a	1.06± 0.01 b	25.79± 1.29 a	2.96± 0.09 b	60.63± 6.43 b	7.23± 0.12 b	70.73± 0.96 b	6.62± 0.64 b
刺柏 Juniperus formosana	439.31± 25.76 a	10.37± 0.24 bc	1.57± 0.30 a	3.71± 0.06 e	1.17± 0.09 d	97.22± 1.72 a	3.69± 0.02 c	13.31± 0.44 d	2.21± 0.18 d

绿化废弃物 Greenery waste	碳含量 C content/ (g·kg^-1)	氮含量 N content/ (g·kg^-1)	磷含量 P content/ (g·kg^-1)	水溶总酚含量 Soluble phenols content/ (g·kg^-1)	可溶性糖含量 Soluble saccharides content/(g·kg^-1)	萜类含量 Terpenoids content/ (g·kg^-1)	氨基酸含量 Amino acids content/ (mg·kg^-1)	黄酮含量 Flavonoids content/ (g·kg^-1)	有机酸含量 Organic acids content/ (mg·kg^-1)
国槐 Styphnolobium japonicum	362.83± 14.15 b	23.86± 0.75 a	1.37± 0.06 ab	7.28± 0.24 d	1.11± 0.03 d	1.74± 0.29 d	7.99± 0.01 a	7.02± 1.30 d	5.87± 0.48 b
侧柏 Platycladus orientalis	436.23± 15.32 a	10.82± 0.52 b	0.95± 0.06 b	17.00± 2.04 c	2.04± 0.24 c	33.66± 8.93 c	1.73± 0.02 d	37.28± 8.28 c	2.48± 0.07 cd
云杉 Picea asperata	261.76± 9.15 c	13.20± 2.24 b	1.57± 0.23 a	21.72± 0.48 b	4.65± 0.56 a	43.11± 2.32 c	0.89± 0.15 e	84.81± 2.72 a	11.27± 0.27 a
油松 Pinus tabuliformis	274.19± 11.88 c	5.76± 0.19 c	0.12± 0.01 c	19.31± 0.51 bc	2.91± 0.28 b	93.91± 7.24 a	0.81± 0.11 e	60.74± 4.29 b	3.62± 0.36 c
元宝槭 Acer truncatum	240.30± 17.72 c	19.36± 2.92 a	1.06± 0.01 b	25.79± 1.29 a	2.96± 0.09 b	60.63± 6.43 b	7.23± 0.12 b	70.73± 0.96 b	6.62± 0.64 b
刺柏 Juniperus formosana	439.31± 25.76 a	10.37± 0.24 bc	1.57± 0.30 a	3.71± 0.06 e	1.17± 0.09 d	97.22± 1.72 a	3.69± 0.02 c	13.31± 0.44 d	2.21± 0.18 d

因素 Factor	石油降解率 Petroleum degradation rate	饱和烃降解率 SHs degradation rate	芳香烃降解率 AHs degradation rate	非烃类物质降解率 NONHs degradation rate	土壤硝态氮含量 Nitrate N content in soil	土壤铵态氮含量 Ammonium N content in soil	土壤有效磷含量 Available P content in soil	土壤转化酶活性 Invertase activity	土壤碱性磷酸酶活性 Alkaline phosphatase activity	土壤脲酶活性 Urease activity	土壤过氧化氢酶活性 Catalase activity	土壤脱氢酶活性 Dehydrogenase activity
碳含量	0.32	0.62	0.55	0.01	0.99	0.77	-	1.29^-	1.36^-	0.17	1.02⁺	0.28
C content
氮含量	1.84⁺	1.57⁺	1.69⁺	1.84⁺	0.38	1.08⁺	-	0.89	0.46	1.45⁺	0.51	1.62⁺
N content
磷含量	1.28⁺	1.03⁺	1.35⁺	1.88⁺	1.05⁺	1.36⁺	-	0.22	1.12^-	1.74⁺	0.68	1.30⁺
P content
水溶总酚含量	0.45	0.75	0.64	0.24	1.46^-	1.02^-	-	1.14⁺	1.45⁺	0.04	1.32⁺	0.33
Soluble phenols content
可溶性糖含量	0.49	0.83	0.56	0.32	1.10^-	0.88	-	1.23⁺	1.03^-	0.17	0.88	0.17
Soluble saccharides content
萜类含量	0.03	0.63	0.73	0.49	1.05⁺	0.56	-	0.12	0.46	1.10^-	1.68^-	0.66
Terpenoids content
氨基酸含量	1.50⁺	1.28⁺	1.21⁺	0.68	0.41	1.11⁺	-	0.77	0.77	1.07⁺	0.43	1.69⁺
Amino acids content
黄酮含量	0.50	0.77	0.61	0.19	1.24^-	0.92	-	1.45⁺	1.17⁺	0.04	0.96	0.29
Flavonoids content
有机酸含量	0.22	0.48	1.08⁺	1.23⁺	0.98	0.60	-	1.24⁺	0.93	0.85	1.15^-	0.92
Organic acids content
化学离散度	1.37^-	1.41^-	0.88	0.82	0.81	1.35^-	-	0.65	0.69	1.33^-	0.68	1.13^-
Chemical dispersion

因素 Factor	石油降解率 Petroleum degradation rate	饱和烃降解率 SHs degradation rate	芳香烃降解率 AHs degradation rate	非烃类物质降解率 NONHs degradation rate	土壤硝态氮含量 Nitrate N content in soil	土壤铵态氮含量 Ammonium N content in soil	土壤有效磷含量 Available P content in soil	土壤转化酶活性 Invertase activity	土壤碱性磷酸酶活性 Alkaline phosphatase activity	土壤脲酶活性 Urease activity	土壤过氧化氢酶活性 Catalase activity	土壤脱氢酶活性 Dehydrogenase activity
碳含量	0.32	0.62	0.55	0.01	0.99	0.77	-	1.29^-	1.36^-	0.17	1.02⁺	0.28
C content
氮含量	1.84⁺	1.57⁺	1.69⁺	1.84⁺	0.38	1.08⁺	-	0.89	0.46	1.45⁺	0.51	1.62⁺
N content
磷含量	1.28⁺	1.03⁺	1.35⁺	1.88⁺	1.05⁺	1.36⁺	-	0.22	1.12^-	1.74⁺	0.68	1.30⁺
P content
水溶总酚含量	0.45	0.75	0.64	0.24	1.46^-	1.02^-	-	1.14⁺	1.45⁺	0.04	1.32⁺	0.33
Soluble phenols content
可溶性糖含量	0.49	0.83	0.56	0.32	1.10^-	0.88	-	1.23⁺	1.03^-	0.17	0.88	0.17
Soluble saccharides content
萜类含量	0.03	0.63	0.73	0.49	1.05⁺	0.56	-	0.12	0.46	1.10^-	1.68^-	0.66
Terpenoids content
氨基酸含量	1.50⁺	1.28⁺	1.21⁺	0.68	0.41	1.11⁺	-	0.77	0.77	1.07⁺	0.43	1.69⁺
Amino acids content
黄酮含量	0.50	0.77	0.61	0.19	1.24^-	0.92	-	1.45⁺	1.17⁺	0.04	0.96	0.29
Flavonoids content
有机酸含量	0.22	0.48	1.08⁺	1.23⁺	0.98	0.60	-	1.24⁺	0.93	0.85	1.15^-	0.92
Organic acids content
化学离散度	1.37^-	1.41^-	0.88	0.82	0.81	1.35^-	-	0.65	0.69	1.33^-	0.68	1.13^-
Chemical dispersion

国槐与其他树种绿化废弃物混合施用对石油污染土壤修复效果的影响

Effects of mixed addition of greenery wastes from Styphnolobium japonicum and other plants on remediation effects on petroleum-polluted soil

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