高嘌呤饮食对金黄地鼠血脂变化和病理损伤的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20240238

浙江农业学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (1): 24-31.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20240238

高嘌呤饮食对金黄地鼠血脂变化和病理损伤的影响

贺亮¹(), 李庆香子¹, 李锐²^,^*()

1.浙江省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所,浙江杭州 310021
2.浙江省农业科学院农产品质量安全与营养研究所,浙江杭州 310021

收稿日期:2024-03-14 出版日期:2025-01-25 发布日期:2025-02-14
作者简介:贺亮(1982—),女,黑龙江绥化人,博士,副研究员,主要从事实验动物毒性病理和代谢病研究。E-mail: xueqiguorong@163.com
通讯作者: *李锐,E-mail:microvet@163.com
基金资助:
浙江省基础公益研究计划(LTGD23C040006)

Effects of high-purine diet on blood lipid changes and pathological lesion in golden hamsters

HE Liang¹(), LI Qingxiangzi¹, LI Rui²^,^*()

1. Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
2. Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China

Received:2024-03-14 Online:2025-01-25 Published:2025-02-14

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

通过高嘌呤饮食和尿酸酶抑制剂氧嗪酸钾联合诱导金黄地鼠高尿酸血症,检测机体血糖血脂指标并观察肾脏组织病理变化,探讨高嘌呤饮食对金黄地鼠血脂变化和肝肾损伤的影响。结果表明,高嘌呤饮食诱导下金黄地鼠体重和肝脏指数无显著变化,12%酵母膏、0.25%腺嘌呤分别联合2%氧嗪酸钾饲喂均导致金黄地鼠血清尿酸水平显著升高,但血清尿酸升高与血糖血脂代谢紊乱相关性不强;尿酸升高导致金黄地鼠肾脏肿大,肾脏指数显著升高,呈现典型高尿酸血症的肾脏病理损伤特征。符合人类脂代谢特征的金黄地鼠具有良好的高尿酸血症动物模型开发前景。

关键词: 金黄地鼠, 尿酸, 血脂, 肾损伤

Abstract:

Increases of serum uric acid in golden hamsters were induced by the combination of high-purine diet and uric acid inhibitor potassium oxonate. Serum glucose, lipid changes and histopathological changes of kidney were detected, and the effects of high-purine diet on the changes of serum lipids and liver and kidney injury of golden hamster were investigated. The results showed that there was no significant change in the body weight and liver index of golden hamsters with high-purine diet, and the application of 12% yeast and 0.25% adenine combined with 2% potassium oxonate led to a significant increase in serum uric acid level, but the correlation between elevated serum uric acid and blood glucose and lipid metabolism disorders was not strong. Elevated uric acid leads to renal enlargement, significantly increased renal index, and renal pathological injury characteristic of typical hyperuricemia. The golden hamster with human lipid metabolism characteristics have good prospects for the development of animal models of hyperuricemia.

Key words: golden hamster, uric acid, lipid, kidney injury

中图分类号:

S859

贺亮, 李庆香子, 李锐. 高嘌呤饮食对金黄地鼠血脂变化和病理损伤的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2025, 37(1): 24-31.

HE Liang, LI Qingxiangzi, LI Rui. Effects of high-purine diet on blood lipid changes and pathological lesion in golden hamsters[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2025, 37(1): 24-31.

图/表 6

表1 试验组肝肾脏器重量及其脏体比

Table 1 Body weights, liver and kidney weights and index in different groups

组别 Group	体重 Body weight/g	肾脏质量 Kidney weight/g	肝脏质量 Liver weight/g	肾脏指数 Kidney index/%	肝脏指数 Liver index/%
NC	155.0±10.4	0.9±0.1	4.3±0.4	0.61±0.04	2.78±0.21
NB	149.0±14.1	1.0±0.1	3.8±0.5	0.67±0.02	2.55±0.18
ND	153.5±17.0	1.3±0.1	4.2±0.7	0.85±0.08	2.70±0.20
NF	147.8±11.9	1.2±0.6	4.0±0.3	0.81±0.43	2.72±0.17
NE	145.5±14.5	1.7±0.2^*	4.0±0.5	1.17±0.14^*	2.73±0.12

图1 不同嘌呤食物饲喂对金黄地鼠血清尿酸水平的影响 NC,对照组;NB,0.25%腺嘌呤;ND,2%氧嗪酸钾+0.25%腺嘌呤;NF,10%酵母膏+0.25%腺嘌呤;NE,2%氧嗪酸钾+12%酵母膏。*表示两组间差异显著(P<0.05),**表示两组间差异极显著(P<0.01)。下同。

Fig.1 Effects of different purine diets on serum uric acid levels of golden hamsters NC, Control; NB, 0.25% adenine; ND, 2% potassium oxonate+0.25% adenine; NF, 10% yeast extract+0.25% adenine; NE, 2% potassium oxonate+12% yeast extract. * represents significant difference in two groups, ** represents extremely significant difference in two groups. The same as below.

表2 试验组血清中血糖、血脂指标检测结果

Table 2 Results of serum glucose and lipid index in different groups mmol·L-1

组别 Group	GLU	TG	CHO	HDL	LDL
NC	8.5±1.4	1.3±0.2	3.3±0.6	2.2±0.4	1.0±0.3
NB	8.9±3.0	1.3±0.6	2.7±0.4	2.0±0.3	0.8±0.1
ND	8.6±2.4	1.8±0.6	3.2±0.7	2.4±0.4	1.3±0.3
NF	8.0±3.3	1.6±0.6	2.7±0.8	2.5±0.4	0.9±0.3
NE	8.9±3.2	1.2±0.5	3.0±0.6	2.5±0.4	1.2±0.3

表3 试验组血清中肝肾相关生化指标检测结果

Table 3 Results of liver and kidney related biochemistry parameters in different groups

组别 Group	BUN/ (mg·dL^-1)	Cre/ (μmol·L^-1)	ALT/ (U·L^-1)	AST/ (U·L^-1)	ALP/ (U·L^-1)	TP/ (g·L^-1)	ALB/ (g·L^-1)
NC	16.0±2.2	35.1±6.2	98.6±31.5	78.3±13.9	144.8±5.5	73.9±4.8	42.2±1.4
NB	16.0±1.6	33.7±3.6	105.7±17.9	94.8±42.3	135.8±12.4	67.0±6.2	41.4±2.2
ND	17.1±1.7	39.6±4.4	113.2±22.8	151.9±31.3^*	178.3±23.4	70.5±7.5	42.1±3.4
NF	15.9±2.2	36.8±3.0	108.1±62.1	157.1±48.2^*	159.3±26.0	73.1±3.9	43.7±0.9
NE	18.2±1.8	39.7±6.6	73.6±17	75.3±27.5	160.3±21.9	68.7±2.8	41.1±1.6

图2 高嘌呤饮食诱导下各试验组的肾脏肉眼观察结果

Fig.2 Macroscopic observation of the kidneys in each group with high-purine diet

图3 高嘌呤饮食诱导下各试验组的肾脏组织病理学观察结果黑色星号,肾小管扩张;红色星号,蛋白管型;蓝色箭头,肾小管萎缩;红色箭头,肾小管内结晶;黑色箭头,肾小管上皮细胞肿胀脱落。

Fig.3 Microscopic observation of the kidneys in each group with high-purine diet Black star, Renal tubular dilatation; Red star, Renal tubular cast; Blue arrow, Atrophy of the renal tubule; Red arrow, Crystal deposition in the renal tubule; Black arrow, Swelling and drop of renal tubular epithelial cell.

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高嘌呤饮食对金黄地鼠血脂变化和病理损伤的影响

Effects of high-purine diet on blood lipid changes and pathological lesion in golden hamsters

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