钱塘江唐家洲产卵场仔稚鱼的资源现状及其与环境因子的关系

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20240145

浙江农业学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (2): 278-287.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20240145

钱塘江唐家洲产卵场仔稚鱼的资源现状及其与环境因子的关系

鲁一平¹(), 练青平², 郭爱环², 罗凯¹, 许巧情¹^,^*(), 原居林²^,^*()

1.长江大学动物科学技术学院,湖北荆州 434025
2.浙江省淡水水产研究所,农业农村部淡水渔业健康养殖重点实验室,浙江省淡水水产遗传育种重点实验室,浙江湖州 313001

收稿日期:2024-02-18 出版日期:2025-02-25 发布日期:2025-03-20
作者简介:原居林,E-mail: yuanjulin1982@126.com
*许巧情,E-mail: xuqiaoqing@yangtzeu.edu.cn;
鲁一平(2000—),男,湖南永州人,硕士研究生,研究方向为渔业资源生态学。E-mail:1875471138@qq.com
通讯作者: 许巧情,原居林
基金资助:
浙江省财政专项(2022CZZX001);浙江省财政专项(2023CZZX001);农业农村部淡水渔业健康养殖重点实验室开放项目(ZJK202312)

Current status of juvenile fish resources in Tangjiazhou spawning ground of Qiantang River and their relationship with environmental factors

LU Yiping¹(), LIAN Qingping², GUO Aihuan², LUO Kai¹, XU Qiaoqing¹^,^*(), YUAN Julin²^,^*()

1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, Hubei, China
2. Key Laboratory of Healthy Freshwater Fishery Aquaculture of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetics and Breeding,Zhejiang Institute of Freshwater Fisheries, Huzhou 313001, Zhejiang, China

Received:2024-02-18 Online:2025-02-25 Published:2025-03-20
Contact: XU Qiaoqing,YUAN Julin

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了解钱塘江下游唐家洲产卵场仔稚鱼的资源现状,2022年4—6月对唐家洲产卵场的仔稚鱼资源进行监测,分析仔稚鱼种类组成、生态类型、丰度时间变化和群落特征,解析仔稚鱼群落特征与主要环境因子的关系,以期为钱塘江鱼类资源的保护与利用提供数据支撑。本次调查共采集到仔稚鱼1 191尾,经鉴定,隶属于2目2科17种,其中,优势种5种,常见种1种。调查期间,仔稚鱼的日丰度为0~0.255 3 m^-3,日平均丰度为0.041 4 m^-3,5月份仔稚鱼的平均日丰度最大。仔稚鱼物种大多为杂食性(占总物种数的82.4%),产黏性卵的居多(占总物种数的47.1%),多数营底层生活(占总物种数的53.0%)。冗余分析结果显示,仔稚鱼的数量与水温呈显著(P<0.05)相关性,与流量和透明度无显著相关性。

关键词: 钱塘江, 仔稚鱼, 产卵场, 环境因子

Abstract:

In order to clarify the current status of juvenile fish resources in Tangjiazhou spawning ground in the lower reaches of Qiantang River, the juvenile fish resources in Tangjiazhou spawning ground were monitored from April to June, 2022. The species composition, ecological type, temporal variation of abundance and community characteristics of the juvenile fish resources were analyzed, and the relationship between the community characteristics and main environmental factors was analyzed, to provide data support for the protection and utilization of fish resources in Qiantang River. A total of 1 191 juvenile fishes were collected and identified, belonging to 2 orders, 2 families, 17 species, of which there were 5 dominant species and 1 common species. During the survey period, the daily abundance of juvenile fish ranged from 0 to 0.255 3 m^-3, and the average daily abundance was 0.041 4 m^-3. Most of the juvenile fishes were omnivorous (82.4% of the total species), produced sticky eggs (47.1% of the total species), lived in the bottom layer (53.0% of the total species). The results of redundancy analysis showed that the number of juvenile fishes was significantly (P<0.05) correlated with water temperature, yet had no significant correlation with discharge and transparency.

Key words: Qiantang River, juvenile fish, spawning ground, environmental factor

中图分类号:

S932.4

鲁一平, 练青平, 郭爱环, 罗凯, 许巧情, 原居林. 钱塘江唐家洲产卵场仔稚鱼的资源现状及其与环境因子的关系[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2025, 37(2): 278-287.

LU Yiping, LIAN Qingping, GUO Aihuan, LUO Kai, XU Qiaoqing, YUAN Julin. Current status of juvenile fish resources in Tangjiazhou spawning ground of Qiantang River and their relationship with environmental factors[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2025, 37(2): 278-287.

图/表 6

参考文献 46

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目 Order	科 Family	种 Species	数量 Quantity	IRI
鲤形目 Cypriniformes	鲤科 Cyprinidae	鲫 Carassius auratus	124	119.95
		鲤Cyprinus carpio	32	11.14
		伍氏半? Hemiculterella wui	3	0.23
		? Hemiculter leucisculus	15	4.06
		花? Hemibarbus maculates	12	3.25
		黄尾鲴 Xenocypris davidi	17	5.92
		圆吻鲴 Distoechodon tumirostris	16	5.57
		翘嘴鲌 Culter alburnus	18	5.57
		鲂Megalobrama skolkovii	11	2.98
		麦穗鱼 Pseudorasbora parva	12	2.79
		斜方鱊 Acheilognathus rhombeus	14	5.96
		大鳍鱊 Acheilognathus macropterus	12	4.64
		兴凯鱊 Acheilognathus chankaensis	4	0.62
鲈形目 Perciforms	虾虎鱼科 Gobiidae	粘皮鲻虾虎鱼 Mugilogobius myxodermus	127	127.76
		子陵吻虾虎鱼 Rhinogobius giurinus	223	232.97
		密点吻虾虎鱼 Rhinogobius multimaculatus	408	378.88
		波氏吻虾虎鱼 Rhinogobius cliffordpopei	143	143.86

目 Order	科 Family	种 Species	数量 Quantity	IRI
鲤形目 Cypriniformes	鲤科 Cyprinidae	鲫 Carassius auratus	124	119.95
		鲤Cyprinus carpio	32	11.14
		伍氏半? Hemiculterella wui	3	0.23
		? Hemiculter leucisculus	15	4.06
		花? Hemibarbus maculates	12	3.25
		黄尾鲴 Xenocypris davidi	17	5.92
		圆吻鲴 Distoechodon tumirostris	16	5.57
		翘嘴鲌 Culter alburnus	18	5.57
		鲂Megalobrama skolkovii	11	2.98
		麦穗鱼 Pseudorasbora parva	12	2.79
		斜方鱊 Acheilognathus rhombeus	14	5.96
		大鳍鱊 Acheilognathus macropterus	12	4.64
		兴凯鱊 Acheilognathus chankaensis	4	0.62
鲈形目 Perciforms	虾虎鱼科 Gobiidae	粘皮鲻虾虎鱼 Mugilogobius myxodermus	127	127.76
		子陵吻虾虎鱼 Rhinogobius giurinus	223	232.97
		密点吻虾虎鱼 Rhinogobius multimaculatus	408	378.88
		波氏吻虾虎鱼 Rhinogobius cliffordpopei	143	143.86

物种 Species	卵特性 Characteristics of fish eggs	分布水层 Distribution of water layers	食性 Food habits
鲫Carassius auratus	黏性卵Viscid egg	底层Demersal	杂食性Omnivore
鲤Cyprinus carpio	黏性卵Viscid egg	底层Demersal	杂食性Omnivore
伍氏半?Hemiculterella wui	漂流卵Drifting egg	中上层Upper	杂食性Omnivore
?Hemiculter leucisculus	黏性卵Viscid egg	中上层Upper	杂食性Omnivore
花?Hemibarbus maculates	黏性卵Viscid egg	中下层Lower	肉食性Carnivore
黄尾鲴Xenocypris davidi	黏性卵Viscid egg	底层Demersal	杂食性Omnivore
圆吻鲴Distoechodon tumirostris	黏性卵Viscid egg	中下层Lower	杂食性Omnivore
翘嘴鲌Culter alburnus	黏性卵Viscid egg	中上层Upper	肉食性Carnivore
鲂Megalobrama skolkovii	黏性卵Viscid egg	中下层Lower	杂食性Omnivore
麦穗鱼Pseudorasbora parva	沉性卵Demersal egg	中下层Lower	杂食性Omnivore
斜方鱊Acheilognathus rhombeus	其他类型卵Other types of eggs	中上层Upper	杂食性Omnivore
大鳍鱊Acheilognathus macropterus	其他类型卵Other types of eggs	底层Demersal	杂食性Omnivore
兴凯鱊Acheilognathus chankaensis	其他类型卵Other types of eggs	底层Demersal	杂食性Omnivore
粘皮鲻虾虎鱼Mugilogobius myxodermus	沉性卵Demersal egg	底层Demersal	肉食性Carnivore
子陵吻虾虎鱼Rhinogobius giurinus	沉性卵Demersal egg	底层Demersal	杂食性Omnivore
密点吻虾虎鱼Rhinogobius multimaculatus	沉性卵Demersal egg	底层Demersal	杂食性Omnivore
波氏吻虾虎鱼Rhinogobius cliffordpopei	沉性卵Demersal egg	底层Demersal	杂食性Omnivore

物种 Species	卵特性 Characteristics of fish eggs	分布水层 Distribution of water layers	食性 Food habits
鲫Carassius auratus	黏性卵Viscid egg	底层Demersal	杂食性Omnivore
鲤Cyprinus carpio	黏性卵Viscid egg	底层Demersal	杂食性Omnivore
伍氏半?Hemiculterella wui	漂流卵Drifting egg	中上层Upper	杂食性Omnivore
?Hemiculter leucisculus	黏性卵Viscid egg	中上层Upper	杂食性Omnivore
花?Hemibarbus maculates	黏性卵Viscid egg	中下层Lower	肉食性Carnivore
黄尾鲴Xenocypris davidi	黏性卵Viscid egg	底层Demersal	杂食性Omnivore
圆吻鲴Distoechodon tumirostris	黏性卵Viscid egg	中下层Lower	杂食性Omnivore
翘嘴鲌Culter alburnus	黏性卵Viscid egg	中上层Upper	肉食性Carnivore
鲂Megalobrama skolkovii	黏性卵Viscid egg	中下层Lower	杂食性Omnivore
麦穗鱼Pseudorasbora parva	沉性卵Demersal egg	中下层Lower	杂食性Omnivore
斜方鱊Acheilognathus rhombeus	其他类型卵Other types of eggs	中上层Upper	杂食性Omnivore
大鳍鱊Acheilognathus macropterus	其他类型卵Other types of eggs	底层Demersal	杂食性Omnivore
兴凯鱊Acheilognathus chankaensis	其他类型卵Other types of eggs	底层Demersal	杂食性Omnivore
粘皮鲻虾虎鱼Mugilogobius myxodermus	沉性卵Demersal egg	底层Demersal	肉食性Carnivore
子陵吻虾虎鱼Rhinogobius giurinus	沉性卵Demersal egg	底层Demersal	杂食性Omnivore
密点吻虾虎鱼Rhinogobius multimaculatus	沉性卵Demersal egg	底层Demersal	杂食性Omnivore
波氏吻虾虎鱼Rhinogobius cliffordpopei	沉性卵Demersal egg	底层Demersal	杂食性Omnivore

钱塘江唐家洲产卵场仔稚鱼的资源现状及其与环境因子的关系

Current status of juvenile fish resources in Tangjiazhou spawning ground of Qiantang River and their relationship with environmental factors

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