Abstract: Based on the statistical data of 1999-2014， the changes of yield and planting structure of grain production in Shandong Province were analyzed. It was shown that the grain production in Shandong Province exhibited an increasing trend after fall first. The average grain yield per unit in Shandong Province exhibited an overall trend of steady growth， and the increase was particularly obvious after 2002. Specifically， the increase of legume crops was the highest， and was followed by potato， wheat， and corn. The planting structure has experienced major adjustment in 2002-2006. But， the planting area of corn and wheat were still the two largest in Shandong Province. In the short term， the fundamental status of wheat in planting structure was impossible to shake. The planting area of potato and legume crops decreased significantly in recent years. However， the proportion of other food crops in planting area kept stable. In general， the increase of total grain yield in Shandong Province mainly depended on the rise of unit yield. These results would provide references for the making of agricultural production planning and agricultural economic policy in national major grain production areas.

Key words: major grain production area, Shandong Province, planting structure, grain yield, driving force