Analysis of main biochemical components in new shoots of tea cultivars Emeiwenchun and Chuancha No. 2

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2021.09.03

Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis ›› 2021, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (9): 1592-1601.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2021.09.03

• Crop Science • Previous Articles Next Articles

Analysis of main biochemical components in new shoots of tea cultivars Emeiwenchun and Chuancha No. 2

XIE Wengang¹^,²(), CHEN Wei¹, TAN Liqiang¹, YANG Yang³, TANG Qian¹^,^*()

1. College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
2. College of Biology and Engineering of Environment, Guiyang University, Guiyang 550005, China
3. Sichuan Yizhichun Tea Industry Co., Ltd., Leshan 614501, China

Received:2020-10-19 Online:2021-09-25 Published:2021-10-09
Contact: TANG Qian

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to understand the yield and fresh leaf quality of Emeiwenchun and Chuancha No. 2 in Sichuan tea area, the bud and leaf characters and main biochemical components of Emeiwenchun and Chuancha No. 2 from Cuiping, Muchuan and Mingshan tea areas were determined with Fudingdabaicha as the control. The results showed that the buds and leaves of Emeiwenchun were longer and heavier, and the germination density was similar to that of the control; the contents of tea polyphenols, catechins and caffeine in spring and summer shoots were significantly (P<0.05) higher than those in the control, and the total free amino acids were significantly (P<0.05) lower than that of the control. The buds and leaves of Chuancha No. 2 were more dense, and the germination density was significantly (P<0.05) higher than that of the control; the water extract content and total free amino acid content of spring and summer shoots were significantly (P<0.05) higher than those of the control, the contents of tea polyphenols, catechins and phenol ammonia ratio were significantly (P<0.05) lower than those of the control; the contents of theanine, fresh taste amino acid and catechin quality index of its spring shoots were significantly (P<0.05) higher than those of the control, and the bitter and astringent taste index of catechins were significantly (P<0.05) lower than the control. Emeiwenchun and Chuancha No. 2 showed high yield potential and good adaptability in three areas. Chuancha No. 2 has the biochemical material basis of fresh, bitter and astringent taste, which can be developed into high-grade famous green tea and can be popularized in tea areas of the whole Sichuan Province. The quality of fresh leaves of Emeiwenchun was not as good as that of the control, so it could be moderately popularized in the early tea producing areas in South Sichuan.

Key words: tea plant, Emeiwenchun, Chuancha No. 2, bud and leaf characters, biochemical components

CLC Number:

S571.1

XIE Wengang, CHEN Wei, TAN Liqiang, YANG Yang, TANG Qian. Analysis of main biochemical components in new shoots of tea cultivars Emeiwenchun and Chuancha No. 2[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2021, 33(9): 1592-1601.

Figures/Tables 7

References 29

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地区 Region	经度 Longitude	纬度 Latitude	海拔 Altitude/m	年均温度 Average annual temperature/℃	年均降雨量 Average annual rainfall/mm	年均日照时数 Average sunshine hours/h	年均湿度 Average annual humidity/%
CP	104°42'7.7″E	28°59'51.9″N	399.0	18.7	1 143.5	1 069	80
MC	103°53'16.3″E	28°59'24.5″N	499.0	17.3	1 332.0	968	84
MS	103°12'13.9″E	30°12'29.5″N	762.4	15.4	1 500.0	1 018	82

地区 Region	经度 Longitude	纬度 Latitude	海拔 Altitude/m	年均温度 Average annual temperature/℃	年均降雨量 Average annual rainfall/mm	年均日照时数 Average sunshine hours/h	年均湿度 Average annual humidity/%
CP	104°42'7.7″E	28°59'51.9″N	399.0	18.7	1 143.5	1 069	80
MC	103°53'16.3″E	28°59'24.5″N	499.0	17.3	1 332.0	968	84
MS	103°12'13.9″E	30°12'29.5″N	762.4	15.4	1 500.0	1 018	82

地区 Region	品种 Variety	芽叶色泽 Shoots color	芽叶茸毛 Shoots pubescence	发芽密度 Budding density/m^-2	一芽二叶Two leaves a bud		一芽三叶Three leaves a bud
地区 Region	品种 Variety	芽叶色泽 Shoots color	芽叶茸毛 Shoots pubescence	发芽密度 Budding density/m^-2	芽长 Length/cm	百芽重 Weight/g	芽长 Length/cm	百芽重 Weight/g
CP	EM	黄绿YG	中等M	946.33±66.25 e	5.15±0.47 de	38.84±1.76 b	7.75±0.65 a	64.24±1.10 a
	CC	绿G	中等M	1339.33±98.02 b	5.37±0.45 cd	36.53±1.76 cd	6.32±0.65 c	48.84±1.87 e
	FD	黄绿YG	多D	1102.25±107.89 d	4.98±0.39 e	37.73±0.98 bc	6.19±0.74 c	51.22±1.40 d
MC	EM	黄绿YG	中等M	822.83±96.85 f	5.77±0.50 b	37.68±1.05 bc	7.45±0.94 ab	54.10±1.54 c
	CC	绿G	中等M	1202.25±72.20 c	5.40±0.50 cd	35.21±0.76 de	7.32±0.50 ab	50.98±1.66 d
	FD	黄绿YG	多D	872.92±88.06 ef	5.70±0.38 bc	43.17±1.49 a	7.40±1.05 ab	51.22±1.08 d
MS	EM	黄绿YG	中等M	1114.33±99.65 d	6.43±0.50 a	37.40±1.06 bc	7.35±1.03 ab	64.62±2.13 a
	CC	绿G	中等M	1620.50±141.56 a	5.65±0.41 bc	34.28±0.92 e	7.19±0.59 b	59.78±1.80 b
	FD	黄绿YG	多D	1166.83±103.16 cd	5.28±0.44 de	30.42±1.33 f	6.40±0.52 c	58.34±2.14 b

地区 Region	品种 Variety	芽叶色泽 Shoots color	芽叶茸毛 Shoots pubescence	发芽密度 Budding density/m^-2	一芽二叶Two leaves a bud		一芽三叶Three leaves a bud
地区 Region	品种 Variety	芽叶色泽 Shoots color	芽叶茸毛 Shoots pubescence	发芽密度 Budding density/m^-2	芽长 Length/cm	百芽重 Weight/g	芽长 Length/cm	百芽重 Weight/g
CP	EM	黄绿YG	中等M	946.33±66.25 e	5.15±0.47 de	38.84±1.76 b	7.75±0.65 a	64.24±1.10 a
	CC	绿G	中等M	1339.33±98.02 b	5.37±0.45 cd	36.53±1.76 cd	6.32±0.65 c	48.84±1.87 e
	FD	黄绿YG	多D	1102.25±107.89 d	4.98±0.39 e	37.73±0.98 bc	6.19±0.74 c	51.22±1.40 d
MC	EM	黄绿YG	中等M	822.83±96.85 f	5.77±0.50 b	37.68±1.05 bc	7.45±0.94 ab	54.10±1.54 c
	CC	绿G	中等M	1202.25±72.20 c	5.40±0.50 cd	35.21±0.76 de	7.32±0.50 ab	50.98±1.66 d
	FD	黄绿YG	多D	872.92±88.06 ef	5.70±0.38 bc	43.17±1.49 a	7.40±1.05 ab	51.22±1.08 d
MS	EM	黄绿YG	中等M	1114.33±99.65 d	6.43±0.50 a	37.40±1.06 bc	7.35±1.03 ab	64.62±2.13 a
	CC	绿G	中等M	1620.50±141.56 a	5.65±0.41 bc	34.28±0.92 e	7.19±0.59 b	59.78±1.80 b
	FD	黄绿YG	多D	1166.83±103.16 cd	5.28±0.44 de	30.42±1.33 f	6.40±0.52 c	58.34±2.14 b

季节 Season	地区 Region	品种 Variety	水浸出物 Water extract/%	茶多酚 Tea polyphenol/%	氨基酸 Amino acid/%	咖啡碱 Caffeine/%	儿茶素 Catechin/%	酚氨比 Phenol ammonia ratio
春季	CP	EM	46.82±1.10 b	21.58±0.62 e	4.07±0.04 f	4.34±0.23 b	16.50±0.1 gh	5.30±0.20 e
Spring		CC	48.12±0.33 a	19.07±0.26 jk	5.45±0.12 d	4.11±0.04 c	14.87±0.19 k	3.50±0.03 h
		FD	46.54±1.02 b	20.69±0.25 fg	4.21±0.06 f	4.08±0.06 c	16.25±0.10 hi	4.91±0.07 f
	MC	EM	40.78±0.39 f	20.63±0.15 fg	4.06±0.02 f	3.72±0.04 d	16.17±0.25 i	5.08±0.04 ef
		CC	44.85±0.49 c	18.87±0.47 k	5.63±0.08 c	3.67±0.06 d	13.48±0.15 m	3.35±0.07 i
		FD	39.51±0.77 g	19.70±0.49 hi	5.02±0.10 e	4.65±0.08 a	15.38±0.05 j	3.92±0.16 g
	MS	EM	41.35±0.42 ef	19.48±0.29 ij	5.42±0.11 d	3.61±0.05 de	14.89±0.16 k	3.60±0.04 h
		CC	47.39±0.60 ab	17.47±0.06 l	7.09±0.13 a	3.53±0.08 ef	12.17±0.08 n	2.46±0.05 j
		FD	40.14±0.98 fg	18.68±0.23 k	5.96±0.06 b	3.14±0.09 i	13.92±0.15 l	3.13±0.07 i
夏季	CP	EM	41.37±0.90 ef	23.20±0.24 b	3.19±0.06 l	3.38±0.04 gh	20.08±0.15 b	7.27±0.19 a
Summer		CC	45.19±0.98 c	20.84±0.43 f	3.76±0.14 g	3.15±0.06 i	16.89±0.14 f	5.55±0.14 d
		FD	42.26±1.05 de	21.52±0.31 e	3.43±0.21 ij	3.12±0.06 i	18.16±0.19 d	6.29±0.32 c
	MC	EM	40.84±0.72 f	24.23±0.34 a	3.23±0.06 l	3.63±0.06 de	20.38±0.12 a	7.50±0.22 a
		CC	40.15±0.65 fg	21.88±0.28 de	4.03±0.09 f	3.60±0.04 de	19.43±0.19 c	5.43±0.11 d
		FD	43.18±0.43 d	22.91±0.49 bc	3.56±0.11 i	4.31±0.05 b	20.11±0.11 b	6.45±0.33 bc
	MS	EM	41.12±0.56 ef	22.41±0.25 cd	3.35±0.13 l	3.46±0.06 fg	19.68±0.17 c	6.69±0.24 b
		CC	44.58±0.75 c	20.25±0.24 gh	4.14±0.05 f	3.70±0.06 d	16.62±0.20 g	4.89±0.11 f
		FD	42.64±0.43 d	19.97±0.28 hi	3.63±0.16 g	3.33±0.05 h	17.59±0.16 e	5.51±0.32 d

Analysis of main biochemical components in new shoots of tea cultivars Emeiwenchun and Chuancha No. 2

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地区 Region	CP			MC			MS
品种 variety	EM	CC	FD	EM	CC	FD	EM	CC	FD
Asp	2.16±0.10 e	2.73±0.16 d	3.03±0.05 c	1.99±0.08 e	1.63±0.17 f	2.10±0.06 e	3.39±0.11 b	3.61±0.21 a	3.38±0.12 b
Thr	0.41±0.02 a	0.40±0.02 a	0.33±0.02 b	0.17±0.02 e	0.24±0.02 d	0.27±0.01 c	0.40±0.02 a	0.38±0.02 a	0.33±0.01 b
Ser	0.61±0.02 cd	0.79±0.06 c	0.63±0.06 cd	0.39±0.06 e	0.46±0.01 de	0.67±0.03 c	1.47±0.14 a	1.14±0.11 b	1.46±0.26 a
Asn	0.52±0.08 a	0.44±0.07 b	0.13±0.04 de	0.07±0.01 e	0.18±0.04 d	0.14±0.02 de	0.18±0.05 d	0.15±0.02 de	0.27±0.02 c
Glu	2.69±0.08 e	3.63±0.24 c	3.27±0.26 d	3.61±0.16 c	2.71±0.13 e	3.53±0.13 cd	5.33±0.32 a	4.12±0.18 b	5.63±0.23 a
Gln	0.60±0.12 g	1.43±0.18 f	0.92±0.15 g	1.32±0.12 f	2.31±0.24 e	2.75±0.34 d	4.58±0.12 b	5.91±0.33 a	4.11±0.17 c
The	16.04±0.67 g	26.57±0.61 d	18.40±0.64 f	18.05±0.08 f	29.08±0.12 c	22.62±0.63 e	28.26±0.18 c	39.93±0.87 a	33.37±0.31 b
Gly	0.04±0.01 bcd	0.05±0.01 b	0.03±0.01 cde	0.02±0.01 e	0.03±0.01 cde	0.04±0.01 bc	0.02±0.01 de	0.08±0.01 a	0.09±0.01 a
Ala	0.29±0.09 cd	0.39±0.04 bc	0.31±0.01 cd	0.19±0.04 d	0.23±0.05 d	0.27±0.05 cd	0.23±0.03 d	0.44±0.11 ab	0.53±0.14 a
Val	0.56±0.04 a	0.62±0.03 a	0.43±0.04 b	0.24±0.03 e	0.37±0.07 bc	0.37±0.03 bc	0.29±0.02 de	0.36±0.05 c	0.33±0.03 cd
Cys	0.07±0.01 b	0.08±0.01 b	0.05±0.01 c	0.07±0.01 b	0.04±0.01 c	0.07±0.01 b	0.08±0.01 b	0.07±0.02 b	0.11±0.02 a
Ile	0.21±0.02 a	0.16±0.02 b	0.10±0.02 c	0.04±0.01 de	0.06±0.01 d	0.05±0.01 d	0.05±0.01 d	0.02±0.01 e	0.02±0.01 e
Leu	0.34±0.04 a	0.30±0.04 a	0.19±0.02 b	0.09±0.01 cd	0.09±0.01 cd	0.07±0.01 cde	0.11±0.01 c	0.04±0.02 e	0.05±0.02 de
Tyr	0.30±0.07 a	0.22±0.04 b	0.16±0.03 c	0.05±0.02 d	0.08±0.02 d	0.06±0.02 d	0.06±0.01 d	0.04±0.02 d	0.05±0.02 d
Phe	0.75±0.04 a	0.38±0.05 b	0.23±0.02 c	0.11±0.02 de	0.13±0.02 d	0.09±0.01 de	0.13±0.03 d	0.08±0.04 e	0.07±0.03 e
gABA	0.24±0.02 a	0.16±0.02 b	0.24±0.03 a	0.08±0.03 c	0.04±0.01 d	0.08±0.01 c	0.10±0.02 c	0.09±0.02 c	0.22±0.02 a
Lys	0.33±0.03 a	0.23±0.04 b	0.14±0.02 c	0.07±0.02 d	0.08±0.02 d	0.07±0.01 d	0.08±0.01 d	0.08±0.03 d	0.11±0.03 cd
His	0.10±0.01 d	0.15±0.03 c	0.16±0.02 c	0.04±0.01 e	0.07±0.02 de	0.18±0.02 bc	0.05±0.02 e	0.21±0.02 b	0.38±0.01 a
Arg	0.10±0.03 e	0.62±0.04 c	0.40±0.02 d	0.12±0.01 e	0.40±0.08 d	1.72±0.08 b	0.14±0.02 e	2.32±0.03 a	—
Pro	0.34±0.02 b	0.39±0.02 a	—	0.19±0.02 d	0.31±0.04 b	—	0.23±0.02 c	—	—
TA¹⁾	26.68±0.85 h	39.74±0.68 d	29.15±0.53 g	26.90±0.26 h	38.54±0.10 e	35.15±0.83 f	45.19±0.26 c	59.10±0.64 a	50.51±0.66 b

地区 Region	CP			MC			MS
品种 variety	EM	CC	FD	EM	CC	FD	EM	CC	FD
GC	1.28±0.02 c	1.94±0.02 a	—	1.05±0.03 f	1.27±0.02 c	0.94±0.02 g	1.18±0.02 e	1.24±0.03 d	1.35±0.03 b
EGC	16.37±0.15 a	12.44±0.15 d	16.10±0.08 a	12.92±0.13 c	9.63±0.71 f	13.52±0.22 b	13.07±0.14 c	8.77±0.26 g	10.89±0.35 e
C	3.14±0.04 bc	4.24±0.04 a	1.41±0.06 g	2.95±0.09 cd	3.18±0.09 b	2.23±0.11 f	2.90±0.12 d	2.57±0.18 e	1.54±0.23 g
EC	14.15±0.07 a	11.4±0.15 c	10.21±0.14 e	12.16±0.10 b	9.89±0.24 e	11.13±0.19 d	12.03±0.09 b	8.06±0.09 f	8.12±0.10 f
EGCG	72.59±1.20 e	83.72±1.21 c	91.68±1.76 a	66.72±1.57 f	79.52±2.05 d	87.96±1.42 b	70.85±1.27 e	75.58±1.80 d	84.67±2.00 c
GCG	25.66±0.70 b	3.92±0.61 g	12.31±1.44 d	34.12±1.37 a	5.48±0.52 f	8.30±0.30 e	21.63±0.93 c	3.88±0.81 g	7.72±0.45 e
ECG	28.98±1.53 ab	29.75±0.39 a	27.39±0.85 bc	29.57±1.38 a	24.44±0.74 e	26.26±0.95 cd	24.69±0.80 de	20.13±0.97 f	21.78±0.46 f
CG	2.79±0.64 ab	1.29±0.19 c	3.37±0.32 a	2.20±0.61 bc	1.43±0.39 c	3.46±0.24 a	2.57±0.51 ab	1.47±0.60 c	3.18±0.79 a

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