中国被毛孢三种菌丝形态的超显微特征观察

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2021.05.11

浙江农业学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (5): 855-860.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2021.05.11

中国被毛孢三种菌丝形态的超显微特征观察

谢放^*(), 夏樱霞, 苏强军, UWITUGABIYE Vestine, 陈照禾, 周刚

兰州交通大学化学与生物工程学院,甘肃兰州 730070

收稿日期:2020-12-14 出版日期:2021-05-25 发布日期:2021-05-25
通讯作者: 谢放
作者简介:*谢放,E-mail:xfrankf@163.com
谢放(1962—),男,甘肃兰州人,博士,副教授,研究方向为资源与环境微生物。E-mail:xfrankf@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(31560003)

Observation of ultramicroscopic characteristics of three morphology of mycelium for Ophiocordyceps sinensis

XIE Fang^*(), XIA Yingxia, SU Qiangjun, UWITUGABIYE Vestine, CHEN Zhaohe, ZHOU Gang

School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou ,Gansu 730070, China

Received:2020-12-14 Online:2021-05-25 Published:2021-05-25
Contact: XIE Fang

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探究人工培养中国被毛孢Ophiocordyceps sinensis过程中出现的3种形态菌丝(基内菌丝、菌丝团与气生菌丝)的差别及产生机理,以分离自单子囊孢子的菌株为材料,分别用光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜观察3种形态菌丝的显微与超显微形态。结果发现:菌丝直径和形态不同,表现为菌丝团>基内菌丝>气生菌丝;气生菌丝排列疏松,菌丝表面附着有大量分生孢子;菌丝团的菌丝褶皱明显、扭结且相互交联缠绕;基内菌丝排列密集,菌丝融合、分支现象明显。说明出现三种形态的菌丝是中国被毛孢的特性,与菌种和菌株纯度无关,且分生孢子在气生菌丝顶端或中部直接以出芽的方式形成。

关键词: 中国被毛孢, 菌丝形态, 显微结构, 扫描电子显微镜

Abstract:

In order to investigate the difference and causes of the three morphology of mycelia (aerial mycelium, hyphae knot and substrate mycelium) that appeared in the artificial culture of Ophiocordyceps sinensis, strain isolated from single ascospore as materials,the microstructure and ultramicrostructure of the three morphology of mycelia were observed with microscopy and scanning electron microscopy respectively. The results showed that the diameter of hyphae was manifested as hyphae knot>aerial mycelium>substrate mycelium; the aerial mycelia were loosely arranged and attached with a large number of conidia on the surface of mycelia. The hyphae knot had obvious fold, kink and cross-linked between each other. The substrate mycelium was densely arranged, and the hyphae fused and branched obviously. It was indicated that three morphology mycelium of Ophiocordyceps sinensis were the normal characteristics of the species and not impacted by the purity of the strain or species. The conidia were born directly by budding at the end or middle of aerial hypha.

Key words: Ophiocordyceps sinensis, mycelial morphology, microstructure, scanning electron microscope

中图分类号:

Q934.1

谢放, 夏樱霞, 苏强军, UWITUGABIYE Vestine, 陈照禾, 周刚. 中国被毛孢三种菌丝形态的超显微特征观察[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2021, 33(5): 855-860.

XIE Fang, XIA Yingxia, SU Qiangjun, UWITUGABIYE Vestine, CHEN Zhaohe, ZHOU Gang. Observation of ultramicroscopic characteristics of three morphology of mycelium for Ophiocordyceps sinensis[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2021, 33(5): 855-860.

图/表 4

图1 中国被毛孢TZ8-1不同培养时期的菌落形态 A,培养60 d;B,培养120 d;C,培养180 d。

Fig.1 Colony morphology of Ophiocordyceps sinensis TZ8-1 in different culture periods A,Cultivation for 60 d;B,Cultivation for 120 d;C,Cultivation for 180 d.

图2 中国被毛孢TZ8-1三种菌丝的光学显微图 A,基内菌丝;B,菌丝团;C,气生菌丝。标尺为5 μm。

Fig.2 Optical micrographs of three kind of mycelium of Ophiocordyceps sinensis TZ8-1 A,Substrate mycelium;B,Hyphae kont;C,Aerial mycelium. Bar=5 μm.

图3 中国被毛孢TZ8-1三种菌丝的扫描电镜图 A—C,基内菌丝;D—F,菌丝团;G—I,气生菌丝。标尺:A,D,G为20 μm;B,E,H为10 μm;C,F,I为 5 μm。

Fig.3 Scanning electron microscopy of three kind of mycelium of Ophiocordyceps sinensis TZ8-1 A-C,Substrate mycelium;D-F,Hypha knot;G-I,Aerial mycelium. Bar: A,D,G=20 μm;B,E,H=10 μm;C,F,I=5 μm.

表1 中国被毛孢TZ8-1三种菌丝的扫描电镜特征

Table 1 Scanning electron micrographs characteristics of three kinds of mycelium of Ophiocoredyceps sinensis TZ8-1

菌丝形态 Mycelial morphology	菌丝直径 Hypha diameter/um	弯曲度 Tortuosity	膨大部分 Expansion part	菌丝间关系 Hyphae relationships	表面特征 Surface characteristics	分枝 Branch
基内菌丝 Substrate mycelium	1.3~2.0	低 Low	—	排列密集、菌丝融合 Arranged densely, hyphal fusion	光滑或具微疣,褶皱不明显 Smooth or verrucose, fold is not obvious	明显 Obvious
菌丝团 Hypha knot	1.6~3.0	高 High	有 Exist	相互缠绕,排列无规律性 Intertwined, Irregularity of arrangement	不甚光滑或具微疣,褶皱明显 Not very smooth or with verrucous, fold is apparent	不明显 Not obvious
气生菌丝 Aerial mycelium	1.3~2.0	低 Low	—	排列疏松 Arranged sparsely	有大量分生孢子褶皱不明显 Many conidia, fold is not obvious	不明显 Not obvious

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中国被毛孢三种菌丝形态的超显微特征观察

Observation of ultramicroscopic characteristics of three morphology of mycelium for Ophiocordyceps sinensis

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