浙江农业学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (7): 1545-1557.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2022.07.23

• 农业经济与发展 • 上一篇    下一篇

劳动力老龄化会使农户顺利流转农地吗?

成威松1(), 郑粟文1, 高华洁1, 白云丽2, 叶春辉1,*()   

  1. 1.浙江大学 公共管理学院,浙江 杭州 310058
    2.中国科学院 地理科学与资源研究所,北京 100101
  • 收稿日期:2021-09-06 出版日期:2022-07-25 发布日期:2022-07-26
  • 通讯作者: 叶春辉
  • 作者简介:* 叶春辉,E-mail: chhye@zju.edu.cn
    成威松(1999—),男,河北邯郸人,硕士研究生,研究方向为劳动力老龄化、土地流转。E-mail: chws@zju.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金青年科学基金(71903185);国家自然科学基金(71773113)

Will aging make farmers flow agricultural land smoothly?

CHENG Weisong1(), ZHENG Suwen1, GAO Huajie1, BAI Yunli2, YE Chunhui1,*()   

  1. 1. School of Public Affairs, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
    2. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
  • Received:2021-09-06 Online:2022-07-25 Published:2022-07-26
  • Contact: YE Chunhui

摘要:

从老年农户流出农地的现象入手,基于理论推导,使用“中国农村发展调查”数据,采用面板固定效应回归和倾向得分匹配等计量方法,分析农业劳动力老龄化对农地流转的影响。结果表明:(1)缓解了样本缺失问题后,老龄化对农地流转的估计系数得到增强。(2)对于拥有足额养老金、家庭劳均农业收入较少(低于村平均水平)或家庭农业收入占比较低(<0.25)的农户家庭,其在老龄化影响下流出的农地面积更大。(3)如果村庄被新型农村合作医疗保险政策覆盖或拥有养老院,老年农户流出的农地面积趋于增加。(4)如果村庄提供灌溉设施、机械化耕地服务等改善效率的公共品,家庭劳均农业收入较少或家庭农业收入占比较低的家庭将进一步流出农地。据此,提出加大对农村地区老年人的社会保障力度、积极投资改善农业生产效率的公共品的对策建议。

关键词: 劳动力老龄化, 农地流转, 公共品

Abstract:

Aiming at the phenomenon of outflow of agricultural land by old farmers, the data cited from the China Rural Development Survey were used in the present study.Based on theoretical derivation, panel fixed effects regression and propensity score matching methods were employed to analyze the impact of the aging of agricultural labor force on the circulation of agricultural land. It was shown that the estimated coefficients increased after the sample missing problem was alleviated. For farming households with full pensions and a smaller household agricultural income per labor (below the average level in village) or lower percentage of household agricultural income (<0.25), the outflow of agricultural land under the influence of aging was greater. When villagers were covered by the new rural cooperative medical insurance or a nursing home in the village, the outflow of agricultural land from old farmers tended to increase. When the villages provided public goods that could improve agricultural efficiency, such as irrigation facilities or mechanized farmland services, there would be a further outflow of agricultural land from farming households with a smaller household agricultural income per labor or lower percentage of household agricultural income. Accordingly, countermeasures were proposed to increase social security for old farmers in rural areas and to actively invest in public goods that could improve agricultural productivity.

Key words: labor force aging, land circulation, public goods

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