三角帆蚌多糖对肉仔鸡生长性能、抗氧化及免疫功能的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2023.03.07

浙江农业学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (3): 547-555.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2023.03.07

三角帆蚌多糖对肉仔鸡生长性能、抗氧化及免疫功能的影响

夏伦斌¹^,²(), 马龙龙¹, 乔德亮¹^,², 何燕飞¹^,², 蒋平¹^,²

1.皖西学院生物与制药工程学院,安徽六安 237012
2.安徽省中药资源保护与持续利用工程实验室,安徽六安 237012

收稿日期:2021-12-14 出版日期:2023-03-25 发布日期:2023-04-07
作者简介:夏伦斌(1977—),男,安徽六安人,硕士,副教授,从事畜禽健康养殖及中兽药开发利用研究。E-mail:xlbwxc@126.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(31271853);安徽省本科质量工程项目(2021SX181);安徽省本科质量工程项目(2018SXZX49);皖西学院“六卓越一拔尖”卓越人才培养创新项目(WXXY2019006);皖西学院新农科研究与改革实践项目(WXXY2020188)

Effects of Hyriopsis cumingii polysaccharides on growth performance, antioxidant activity and immune function in growing broiler

XIA Lunbin¹^,²(), MA Longlong¹, QIAO Deliang¹^,², HE Yanfei¹^,², JIANG Ping¹^,²

1. College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, West Anhui University, Lu’an 237012, Anhui, China
2. Engineering Laboratory of Anhui Province for Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Lu’an 237012, Anhui, China

Received:2021-12-14 Online:2023-03-25 Published:2023-04-07

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探究三角帆蚌多糖(Hyriopsis cumingii polysaccharides, HCP)对肉仔鸡生长性能、抗氧化及机体免疫功能的影响。随机将240只1日龄爱拔益加(AA)肉仔鸡分为4组,每组设6个重复,每个重复10只鸡。正常对照组(HCP-0)饲喂基础饲粮,三角帆蚌多糖低(HCP-1)、中(HCP-2)、高(HCP-3)剂量组分别在基础饲粮中添加200、400和800 mg·kg^-1剂量的HCP,试验期42 d。结果表明:1)与HCP-0组相比,HCP-2、HCP-3组肉仔鸡平均日增重显著提高,差异极显著(P<0.01),肉仔鸡平均日采食量和料重比在各组间无显著差异(P>0.05);2)与HCP-0组相比,HCP-2、HCP-3组肉仔鸡血清中总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性显著增加(P<0.05或P<0.01)、丙二醛(MDA)含量显著降低(P<0.05),HCP-1组仅T-SOD活性显著增加(P<0.01),过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性在各组间均无显著差异(P>0.05);3)HCP-2组肉仔鸡脾脏指数显著高于HCP-0组(P<0.05),其余各组间无显著差异(P>0.05),胸腺指数和法氏囊指数在各组间均无显著差异(P>0.05);4)在试验21 d时,HCP-2组肉仔鸡血清中IgG含量较HCP-0组显著增加(P<0.05),HCP-1、HCP-2和HCP-3组肉仔鸡血清中IgA含量均显著高于HCP-0组(P<0.05);在试验42 d时, HCP-2、HCP-3组肉仔鸡血清中IgG含量均显著高于HCP-0和HCP-1组,差异极显著(P<0.01),HCP-1与HCP-0组间无显著差异(P>0.05);试验21 d和42 d时血清中IgM含量在各组间均无显著差异(P>0.05)。综上可知,日粮添加HCP可以显著提高肉仔鸡的平均日增重、抗氧化性能和改善机体的免疫功能,本试验条件下,经回归方程分析,肉仔鸡饲料中HCP适宜的添加量为514~679 mg·kg^-1。

关键词: 三角帆蚌多糖, 生长性能, 抗氧化指标, 免疫球蛋白, 肉仔鸡

Abstract:

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of Hyriopsis cumingii polysaccharides (HCP) on growth performance, antioxidant activity and immune function in growing broiler. A total of 240 one-day-old Arbor Acres (AA) broiler chickens were randomly allotted into 4 groups, with 6 replicates in each group and 10 chickens in each replicate. Normal control group (HCP-0) was fed with basal diet, while low dose group (HCP-1), medium dose group (HCP-2) and high dose group (HCP-3) were supplemented with 200, 400 and 800 mg·kg^-1 HCP in basal diet, respectively. The experimental period was 42 days. The results showed as follows:1) Compared with HCP-0 group, the ADG of broilers in HCP-2 group and HCP-3 group was extremely significantly increased (P<0.01), and there was no significant difference in ADFI and F/G among all groups(P>0.05). 2) Compared with the HCP-0 group, the activities of T-AOC, T-SOD and GSH-Px in serum of broilers in HCP-2 group and HCP-3 group were significantly increased(P<0.05 or P<0.01), the content of MDA was significantly decreased(P<0.05), and only T-SOD activity of broilers in HCP-1 group was significantly increased(P<0.01), the activities of CAT showed no significant difference among all groups (P>0.05). 3) The spleen index of broilers in HCP-2 group was significantly increased compared with HCP-0 group (P<0.05), while there was no significant difference among other groups (P>0.05), and there was no significant difference in bursa of fabricius index and thymus index among all groups (P>0.05). 4) On the 21st day of experiment, compared with HCP-0 group, the content of IgG in serum of broilers in HCP-2 group was significantly increased (P<0.05), and the content of IgA in serum of broilers in HCP-1 group, HCP-2 group and HCP-3 group were significantly increased (P<0.05); At the 42nd day of the experiment, the content of IgG in the serum of broilers in HCP-2 group and HCP-3 group was extremely significantly increased compared with HCP-0 group and HCP-1 group (P<0.01), there was no significant difference between HCP-1 group and HCP-0 group(P>0.05); At the 21st and 42nd day of the experiment, the content of IgM in serum of broilers showed no significant difference among all groups (P>0.05). Combined with the above results, dietary HCP supplementation can significantly improve ADG, antioxidant activity and immune function of broilers, and the appropriate amount of HCP added to the feed of broilers was 514-679 mg·kg^-1by regression equation analysis under this experimental conditions.

Key words: Hyriopsis cumingii polysaccharides, growth performance, antioxidant index, imunoglobulin, broiler

中图分类号:

S816.7

夏伦斌, 马龙龙, 乔德亮, 何燕飞, 蒋平. 三角帆蚌多糖对肉仔鸡生长性能、抗氧化及免疫功能的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2023, 35(3): 547-555.

XIA Lunbin, MA Longlong, QIAO Deliang, HE Yanfei, JIANG Ping. Effects of Hyriopsis cumingii polysaccharides on growth performance, antioxidant activity and immune function in growing broiler[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2023, 35(3): 547-555.

图/表 5

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项目 Items	含量Content
项目 Items	1~3周 1 to 3 weeks		4~6周 4 to 6 weeks
原料Ingredients
玉米Corn	57.51	59.90
鱼粉Fish meal	3.45	3.00
豆粕Soybean meal	31.50	29.00
豆油Soybean oil	2.80	3.60
石粉Limestone	1.30	1.25
食盐NaCl	0.35	0.35
氯化胆碱Choline chloride	0.10	0.10
L-赖氨酸盐酸盐L-Lys·HCl	0.27	0.28
DL-蛋氨酸DL-Met	0.22	0.22
磷酸氢钙CaHPO₄	1.75	1.55
预混料Premix¹⁾	0.75	0.75
合计Total	100.00	100.00
营养水平Nutrient levels²⁾
代谢能ME/(MJ·kg^-1)	12.47	13.86
粗蛋白CP²⁾	19.54	18.56
赖氨酸Lys	1.21	1.19
蛋氨酸Met	0.62	0.60
钙Ca	1.02	0.96
有效磷AP	0.48	0.48

项目 Items	含量Content
项目 Items	1~3周 1 to 3 weeks		4~6周 4 to 6 weeks
原料Ingredients
玉米Corn	57.51	59.90
鱼粉Fish meal	3.45	3.00
豆粕Soybean meal	31.50	29.00
豆油Soybean oil	2.80	3.60
石粉Limestone	1.30	1.25
食盐NaCl	0.35	0.35
氯化胆碱Choline chloride	0.10	0.10
L-赖氨酸盐酸盐L-Lys·HCl	0.27	0.28
DL-蛋氨酸DL-Met	0.22	0.22
磷酸氢钙CaHPO₄	1.75	1.55
预混料Premix¹⁾	0.75	0.75
合计Total	100.00	100.00
营养水平Nutrient levels²⁾
代谢能ME/(MJ·kg^-1)	12.47	13.86
粗蛋白CP²⁾	19.54	18.56
赖氨酸Lys	1.21	1.19
蛋氨酸Met	0.62	0.60
钙Ca	1.02	0.96
有效磷AP	0.48	0.48

指标 Index	组别Groups				P值P value
指标 Index	HCP-0	HCP-1	HCP-2	HCP-3	方差分析 ANOVA	线性 Linear	二次 Quadratic
平均日增重ADG/g	55.45±1.30 B	56.26±0.94 B	57.78±0.87 A	57.74±0.73 A	0.001	<0.001	0.001
平均日采食量ADFI/g	100.72±3.64	102.32±4.41	103.93±3.38	103.47±2.98	0.445	0.191	0.262
料重比F/G	1.82±0.07	1.82±0.08	1.80±0.06	1.79±0.05	0.877	0.445	0.752

指标 Index	组别Groups				P值P value
指标 Index	HCP-0	HCP-1	HCP-2	HCP-3	方差分析 ANOVA	线性 Linear	二次 Quadratic
平均日增重ADG/g	55.45±1.30 B	56.26±0.94 B	57.78±0.87 A	57.74±0.73 A	0.001	<0.001	0.001
平均日采食量ADFI/g	100.72±3.64	102.32±4.41	103.93±3.38	103.47±2.98	0.445	0.191	0.262
料重比F/G	1.82±0.07	1.82±0.08	1.80±0.06	1.79±0.05	0.877	0.445	0.752

指标 Index	组别Groups				P值P value
指标 Index	HCP-0	HCP-1	HCP-2	HCP-3	方差分析 ANOVA	线性 Linear	二次 Quadratic
总抗氧化能力	16.75±0.55 b	17.12±0.74 b	17.92±0.73 a	17.84±0.47 a	0.012	0.006	0.006
T-AOC/(U·mL^-1)
过氧化氢酶	0.81±0.05	0.82±0.04	0.86±0.06	0.85±0.05	0.307	0.169	0.261
CAT/(U·mL^-1)
总超氧化物歧化酶	114.74±6.85 B	134.01±7.56 A	139.67±8.51 A	136.67±5.33 A	<0.001	0.002	<0.001
T-SOD/(U·mL^-1)
谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶	1274.45±52.16 B	1296.80±84.94 B	1395.82±46.06 A	1384.99±32.19 A	0.002	0.002	0.003
GSH-Px/(U·mL^-1)
丙二醛	9.72±0.43 a	9.52±0.33 ab	8.99±0.44 b	9.05±0.42 b	0.014	0.007	0.009
MDA/(nmol·mL^-1)

三角帆蚌多糖对肉仔鸡生长性能、抗氧化及免疫功能的影响

Effects of Hyriopsis cumingii polysaccharides on growth performance, antioxidant activity and immune function in growing broiler

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指标 Index	时间 Time	组别Groups				P值P value
指标 Index	时间 Time	HCP-0	HCP-1	HCP-2	HCP-3	方差分析 ANOVA	线性 Linear	二次 Quadratic
免疫球蛋白G	21 d	3.83±0.22 b	4.14±0.27 ab	4.43±0.38 a	4.22±0.27 ab	0.015	0.052	0.006
IgG/(g·L^-1)	42 d	5.27±0.38 B	5.60±0.62 B	6.82±0.52 A	6.76±0.51 A	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001
免疫球蛋白A	21 d	0.38±0.08 b	0.52±0.08 a	0.56±0.10 a	0.54±0.10 a	0.012	0.027	0.004
IgA/(g·L^-1)	42 d	0.51±0.04	0.54±0.06	0.62±0.05	0.57±0.04	0.074	0.164	0.054
免疫球蛋白M	21 d	2.10±0.17	2.19±0.16	2.18±0.19	2.15±0.16	0.913	0.801	0.780
IgM/(g·L^-1)	42 d	1.34±0.12	1.41±0.13	1.54±0.17	1.54±0.18	0.316	0.085	0.175

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指标 Index	组别Groups				P值P value
指标 Index	HCP-0	HCP-1	HCP-2	HCP-3	方差分析 ANOVA	线性 Linear	二次 Quadratic
胸腺指数Thymus index	3.12±0.12	3.23±0.13	3.29±0.19	3.33±0.25	0.150	0.027	0.068
脾脏指数Spleen index	1.01±0.12 b	1.04±0.12 ab	1.20±0.14 a	1.11±0.11 ab	0.023	0.076	0.038
法氏囊指数	1.41±0.09	1.46±0.09	1.49±0.12	1.45±0.12	0.484	0.471	0.288
Bursa of fabricius index

指标 Index	组别Groups				P值P value
指标 Index	HCP-0	HCP-1	HCP-2	HCP-3	方差分析 ANOVA	线性 Linear	二次 Quadratic
胸腺指数Thymus index	3.12±0.12	3.23±0.13	3.29±0.19	3.33±0.25	0.150	0.027	0.068
脾脏指数Spleen index	1.01±0.12 b	1.04±0.12 ab	1.20±0.14 a	1.11±0.11 ab	0.023	0.076	0.038
法氏囊指数	1.41±0.09	1.46±0.09	1.49±0.12	1.45±0.12	0.484	0.471	0.288
Bursa of fabricius index