徐淮地区避雨栽培对早熟砂梨果实糖积累和营养生长的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2019.06.06

浙江农业学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (6): 900-907.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2019.06.06

徐淮地区避雨栽培对早熟砂梨果实糖积累和营养生长的影响

李刚波¹, 张梅¹, 樊继德¹, 赵林¹, 张婷¹, 蔺经², 常有宏², 杨峰^{1, *}

1.江苏徐淮地区徐州农业科学研究所,江苏徐州 221121;
2.江苏省农业科学院果树研究所/江苏省高效园艺作物遗传改良重点实验室,江苏南京 210014

收稿日期:2018-12-04 出版日期:2019-06-25 发布日期:2019-06-26
通讯作者: 杨峰，E-mail: xz-yangfeng@163.com
作者简介:李刚波(1987—)，男，山东平度人，硕士，助理研究员，主要从事果树栽培生理研究。E-mail: ligangbo127@163.com
基金资助:
江苏省农业重大新品种创制项目（PZCZ201726）；徐州市科技计划（KC18128）；江苏省苏北科技专项资金（SZ XZ2017035）；江苏省农业科技自主创新项目［CX(16)1031］

Effects of rain-sheltered cultivation on sugar accumulation and nutritional growth of early-maturing sand pear fruit in Xuhuai area

LI Gangbo¹, ZHANG Mei¹, FAN Jide¹, ZHAO Lin¹, ZHANG Ting¹, LIN Jing², CHANG Youhong², YANG Feng^{1, *}

1. Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Xuhuai Area of Jiangsu, Xuzhou 221121, China;
2. Institute of Horticulture, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Nanjing 210014, China

Received:2018-12-04 Online:2019-06-25 Published:2019-06-26

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探索避雨栽培对早熟砂梨果实糖积累和营养生长的影响,以早熟砂梨苏翠1号和翠冠为试材,采用高效液相色谱比较分析果实生长发育期避雨栽培与露地栽培果实糖含量的变化,以及新梢长度、新梢粗度、叶鲜质量、叶干质量和叶片含水量等营养生理变化。结果表明:(1)避雨栽培环境光照强度较露地栽培低,2种栽培模式光照强度日平均变化趋势基本一致,避雨设施营造的栽培环境对果实品质的形成有影响,果实生长发育期果糖与葡萄糖含量较高,进入后期蔗糖积累量上升,葡萄糖含量有所下降,进入后期果糖和蔗糖积累占比较高,避雨栽培下苏翠1号和翠冠果实可溶性糖含量的积累量较露地栽培高21.73%、17.97%。(2) 2个早熟梨品种果实有机酸含量避雨栽培较露地栽培低,主要对苹果酸、柠檬酸、奎宁酸含量的影响较大,其中苏翠1号和翠冠果实苹果酸含量避雨栽培较露地栽培分别低35.08%、21.05%,避雨栽培对莽草酸含量影响不明显。(3)避雨栽培对早熟梨新梢长度、粗度和叶干质量无显著影响(P>0.05),对叶鲜质量和叶片含水量影响较大,苏翠1号和翠冠叶鲜质量避雨栽培较露地栽培分别低8.22%、10.15%,2个品种叶片含水量避雨栽培均显著(P<0.05)低于露地栽培。

关键词: 避雨栽培, 砂梨, 糖积累, 营养生长

Abstract: In order to study the effect of rain-sheltered cultivation on sugar accumulation and vegetative growth of early-maturing pear fruits, the changes of sugar content, shoot length, shoot diameter and leaf fresh weight , leaf dry weight and leaf water content of early-maturing pear Sucui 1 and Cuiguan fruits in rain-sheltered cultivation and open-field cultivation were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography. The results showed that: (1) The light intensity of rain-sheltered cultivation environment was lower than that of open-field cultivation, and the diurnal average variation trends of light intensity of two cultivation modes were basically the same. The cultivation environment constructed by rain-sheltered facilities had an effect on the formation of fruit quality. Fructose and glucose contents were higher during the fruit growth and development period, and sucrose accumulation increased in the later period. The accumulations of fructose and sucrose were the highest in the late stage. The accumulation of soluble sugar in fruit was 21.73% and 17.97% higher in sheltered cultivation than in open field cultivation. (2) The contents of organic acid in the fruits of two early-maturing pear cultivars under rain-sheltered cultivation were lower than those of open-field cultivation, and the contents of malic acid, citric acid and quininic acid were mainly affected. The contents of malic acid in Sucui 1 and Cuiguan fruits were 35.08% and 21.05% lower than those of open-field cultivation, respectively, but the content of shikimic acid was not affected obviously. (3) Rain-sheltered cultivation had no significant (P>0.05) effect on shoot length, diameter and leaf dry weight of early-maturing pear, but had great effect on leaf fresh weight and leaf water content. Leaf fresh weight of Sucui 1 and Cuiguan under rain-sheltered cultivation were 8.22% and 10.15% lower than those of open field cultivation, respectively. Leaf water content of Sucui 1 and Cuiguan with rain shelter cultivation were both significantly (P<0.05) lower than those of open field cultivation.

Key words: rain-sheltered cultivation, sand pear, sugar accumulation, vegetative growth

中图分类号:

S661.2

李刚波, 张梅, 樊继德, 赵林, 张婷, 蔺经, 常有宏, 杨峰. 徐淮地区避雨栽培对早熟砂梨果实糖积累和营养生长的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2019, 31(6): 900-907.

LI Gangbo, ZHANG Mei, FAN Jide, ZHAO Lin, ZHANG Ting, LIN Jing, CHANG Youhong, YANG Feng. Effects of rain-sheltered cultivation on sugar accumulation and nutritional growth of early-maturing sand pear fruit in Xuhuai area[J]. , 2019, 31(6): 900-907.

参考文献

[1] 张亮, 赵邦宏. 改革开放30a来我国梨果产业经济发展研究[J]. 西北林学院学报, 2009, 24(4): 234-236.
ZHANG L, ZHAO B H.Economic development of pear industry in China in 30 years since reform and opening-up[J]. Journal of Northwest Forestry University, 2009, 24(4): 234-236.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[2] 赵德英, 程存刚, 曹玉芬, 等. 我国梨果产业现状及发展战略研究[J]. 江苏农业科学, 2010, 38(5): 501-504.
ZHAO D Y, CHENG C G, CAO Y F, et al.Current situation and development strategy of pear and fruit industry in China[J]. Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences, 2010, 38(5): 501-504.(in Chinese)
[3] 李刚波, 樊继德, 赵林, 等. 五种套袋对早熟梨果实糖酸和毒死蜱农药残留的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2018, 30(8): 1363-1368.
LI G B, FAN J D, ZHAO L, et al.Effects of 5 bagging treatments on sugar and acid content and chlorpyrifos pesticide residues in early maturing pears[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2018, 30(8): 1363-1368.(in Chinesewith English abstract)
[4] 蔺经, 盛宝龙, 李晓刚, 等. 早熟砂梨新品种‘苏翠1号’[J]. 园艺学报, 2013, 40(9): 1849-1850.
LIN J, SHENG B L, LI X G, et al.A new pyrus pyrifolia cultivar ‘Sucui 1'[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2013, 40(9): 1849-1850.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[5] 陈善德. 南方巨峰葡萄栽培技术[M]. 上海: 上海科学普及出版社, 1988.
[6] 李刚波, 樊继德, 赵林, 等. 追施钾肥对早熟砂梨果实发育特性及品质的影响[J]. 西南农业学报, 2018, 31(3): 526-531.
LI G B, FAN J D, ZHAO L, et al.Effects of topdressing potassium fertilizer on fruit development characteristics and quality of early-maturing sand pear[J]. Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2018, 31(3): 526-531.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[7] 王晨, 王涛, 房经贵, 等. 果树设施栽培研究进展[J]. 江苏农业科学, 2009, 37(4): 197-200.
WANG C, WANG T, FANG J G, et al.Advances in protected fruit trees cultivation[J]. Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences, 2009, 37(4): 197-200.(in Chinese)
[8] 栗进朝, 段罗顺, 张晓申. 避雨对葡萄病害和光照强度的影响[J]. 果树学报, 2009, 26(6): 847-850.
LI J C, DUAN L S, ZHANG X S.Effect of rainproof cultivation on grape disease incidence and light intensity under the shelter[J]. Journal of Fruit Science, 2009, 26(6): 847-850.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[9] 曹锰, 郭景南, 魏志峰, 等. 避雨栽培对‘金手指’葡萄果实生长及香气物质组分的影响[J]. 果树学报, 2015, 32(5): 894-902.
CAO M, GUO J N, WEI Z F, et al.Effects of rain-shelter cultivation on development and aromatic component of ‘Gold Finger’ grape[J]. Journal of Fruit Science, 2015, 32(5): 894-902.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[10] 李延菊, 孙庆田, 张序, 等. 避雨栽培对大樱桃园生态因子及生理特性的影响[J]. 果树学报, 2014, 31(增刊1): 90-97.
LI Y J, SUN Q T, ZHANG X, et al.Effects of rain-shelter cultivation on ecological factors and physiological characteristics of sweet cherry[J]. Journal of Fruit Science, 2014, 31(Suppl.1): 90-97.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[11] 吴磊, 柳洪入, 陈妙金, 等. 避雨栽培对桃果实挥发性物质形成的影响[J]. 园艺学报, 2015, 42(3): 535-544.
WU L, LIU H R, CHEN M J, et al.Effects of rain-shelter cultivation on formation of peach fruit volatile compounds[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2015, 42(3): 535-544.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[12] 于舒怡, 刘长远, 王辉, 等. 避雨栽培对葡萄霜霉病菌孢子囊飞散时空动态的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2016, 49(10): 1892-1902.
YU S Y, LIU C Y, WANG H, et al.Effect of rain-shelter cultivation on temporal and spatial dynamics of airborne sporangia of plasmopara viticola[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2016, 49(10): 1892-1902.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[13] 钱东南, 钭凌娟, 周秦. 不同避雨栽培措施对樱桃果实经济性状的影响[J]. 江西农业学报, 2013, 25(3): 33-35.
QIAN D N, DOU L J, ZHOU Q.Effects of different shelter cultivation measures on economic characters of cherry fruit[J]. Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi, 2013, 25(3): 33-35.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[14] 吴大军, 陈妙金, 孙奇男, 等. 采前避雨栽培影响桃果实采后贮藏品质[J]. 果树学报, 2016, 33(1): 96-105.
WU D J, CHEN M J, SUN Q N, et al.Postharvest performance of peach in cold storage is influenced by preharvest rain-shelter cultivation[J]. Journal of Fruit Science, 2016, 33(1): 96-105.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[15] 姚改芳, 张绍铃, 吴俊, 等. 10个不同系统梨品种的可溶性糖与有机酸组分含量分析[J]. 南京农业大学学报, 2011, 34(5): 25-31.
YAO G F, ZHANG S L, WU J, et al.Analysis of components and contents of soluble sugars and organic acids in ten cultivars of pear by high performance liquid chromatography[J]. Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University, 2011, 34(5): 25-31.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[16] 薛晓敏, 张玉星, 王金政, 等. 黄金梨果实发育过程中主要营养成分的变化[J]. 中国农学通报, 2006, 22(9): 321-324.
XUE X M, ZHANG Y X, WANG J Z, et al.Studies on the changes of some main nutritional components in Hwangkumbae pear during maturation[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2006, 22(9): 321-324.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[17] 王晓庆, 骆军, 张学英, 等. 大棚栽培梨发育中果实主要营养成分的变化[J]. 上海农业学报, 2008, 24(3): 65-69.
WANG X Q, LUO J, ZHANG X Y, et al.Changes of main nutrient contents of developing fruit of pear cultured in greenhouse[J]. Acta Agriculturae Shanghai, 2008, 24(3): 65-69.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[18] RAPPARINI F, ROTONDI A, BARALDI R.Blue light regulation of the growth of Prunus persica plants in a long term experiment: morphological and histological observations[J]. Trees, 1999, 14(3): 169-176.
[19] BASTÍAS R M, CORELLI-GRAPPADELLI L. Light quality management in fruit orchards: physiological and technological aspects[J]. Chilean Journal of Agricultural Research, 2012, 72(4): 574-581.
[20] 梅立新. 田间条件下几种梨树光合蒸腾比较[J]. 北方园艺, 1991 (7): 11-13.
MEI L X.Comparison of photosynthetic transpiration of several pear trees under field conditions[J]. Northern Horticulture, 1991(7): 11-13. (in Chinese)
[21] 王白坡, 丁兴萃, 戴文圣, 等. 田间条件下砂梨光合作用的研究[J].园艺学报, 1987, 14(2): 97-102.
WANG B P, DING X C, DAI W S, et al.A study on the photosynthetic rate of sand pear [Pyrus pyrifolia(burm.) nakai] under fieid conditions[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 1987, 14(2): 97-102. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[22] 宁鹏飞, 贺艳楠, 张振文. 避雨栽培对蛇龙珠果实及葡萄酒质量影响研究初报[J]. 中国酿造, 2011, 30(4): 55-58.
NING P F, HE Y N, ZHANG Z W.Effects of rain protection cultivation on berry and wine quality of Vitis vinifera L cv. Cabernet Gernischt[J]. China Brewing, 2011, 30(4): 55-58.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[23] 林志雄, 陆育生, 常晓晓, 等. 避雨栽培对广东寄接梨生长发育及果实品质的影响[J]. 广东农业科学, 2016, 43(6): 64-68.
LIN Z X, LU Y S, CHANG X X, et al.Effects of rain shelter cultivation on fruit development and quality of trans-grafting pear in Guangdong Province[J]. Guangdong Agricultural Sciences, 2016, 43(6): 64-68.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[24] 陈俊伟, 张上隆, 张良诚, 等. 柑橘果实遮光处理对发育中的果实光合产物分配、糖代谢与积累的影响[J]. 植物生理学报, 2001, 27(6): 499-504.
CHEN J W, ZHANG S L, ZHANG L C, et al.Effects of fruit shading on photosynthate partitioning, sugar metabolism and accumulation in developing satsuma mandarin(Citrus unshiu Marc.) fruit[J]. Plant Physiology Journal, 2001, 27(6): 499-504. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[25] 涂美艳, 江国良, 杜晋城, 等. 钾素营养对油桃采果期树体营养状况的影响[J].北方园艺, 2009(12): 29-33.
TU M Y, JIANG G L, DU J C, et al.Effect of potassium on the tree nutrient status in fruit picking period of nectarine[J]. Northern Horticulture, 2009(12): 29-33.(in Chinese with English abstract)

徐淮地区避雨栽培对早熟砂梨果实糖积累和营养生长的影响

Effects of rain-sheltered cultivation on sugar accumulation and nutritional growth of early-maturing sand pear fruit in Xuhuai area

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 5

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	肖金平, 常路伟, 张慧琴, 谢鸣, 古咸彬, 熊彩珍, 吴大军. 避雨设施栽培对中晚熟水蜜桃果实品质的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2019, 31(10): 1632-1638.
[2]	徐敏;汪少敏;周虹;张海珍;付晓陆 . 植物生长调节剂NAA和6-BA对红蓝石蒜种球营养生长及内源激素的影响[J]. , 2013, 25(4): 0-771.
[3]	廖婷;袁德义;*;袁军;邹锋;胡启清;胡厚麟. 湖南省浏阳市砂梨绿色果品生产基地环境评价[J]. , 2011, 23(4): 0-806.
[4]	梁英龙;陈俊伟;秦巧平;谢鸣;蒋桂华;吴江;程建徽. 疏果对设施栽培草莓“枥乙女”单果重、糖代谢与积累的影响[J]. , 2006, 18(4): 0-252.
[5]	朱丹华;李百权;王国法;吴列洪. 不同春大豆品种在红壤和冲积土上的适应性研究:Ⅰ.营养生长[J]. , 2002, 14(5): 0-259.