温度与光照强度对蝴蝶兰光合生理与花序发育的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20221464

浙江农业学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (10): 2389-2397.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20221464

温度与光照强度对蝴蝶兰光合生理与花序发育的影响

许申平(), 袁秀云, 张燕, 梁芳, 蒋素华, 牛苏燕, 崔波()

郑州师范学院生物工程研究中心,河南郑州 450044

收稿日期:2021-10-22 出版日期:2023-10-25 发布日期:2023-10-31
作者简介:许申平(1983—),女,河南郑州人,博士,副教授,研究方向为兰花栽培生理与分子生物学。E-mail: shenpingxu@163.com
通讯作者: ^*崔波,E-mail:laocuibo@163.com
基金资助:
河南省科技攻关项目(222102110470)

Effects of temperature and light intensity on photosynthetic physiology and axillary bud development of flower stalk in Phalaenopsis

XU Shenping(), YUAN Xiuyun, ZHANG Yan, LIANG Fang, JIANG Suhua, NIU Suyan, CUI Bo()

Institute of Bioengineering, Zhengzhou Normal University, Zhengzhou 450044, China

Received:2021-10-22 Online:2023-10-25 Published:2023-10-31

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

温度与光照强度是影响蝴蝶兰生长发育的主要环境因子。以蝴蝶兰品种大辣椒为试验材料,在高温(昼夜温度30 ℃/28 ℃)和低温(昼夜温度24 ℃/18 ℃)条件下,研究不同光照强度(光通量密度分别为200 μmol·m^-2·s^-1和30 μmol·m^-2·s^-1)对蝴蝶兰生理和花序轴腋芽发育的影响。结果表明:蝴蝶兰叶片的净CO₂吸收速率在高温强光处理下显著高于低温弱光、低温强光、高温弱光处理;叶绿素含量在高温弱光处理下显著高于低温弱光、低温强光、高温强光处理;淀粉含量在强光处理下显著高于弱光处理,其中高温强光处理下含量最高,低温弱光处理下含量最低,在高温弱光和低温弱光处理下呈现先降低后升高再降低的趋势,在低温强光和高温强光处理下呈现上下波动状态;可溶性糖含量在7 d时高温强光处理下含量最高,在14 d后,低温强光处理下显著高于低温弱光、高温弱光和高温强光处理;可溶性蛋白含量在高温强光处理下显著高于另外3个处理。另外,结合蝴蝶兰花序轴腋芽的发育形态和解剖结构特征发现,温度与光照对蝴蝶兰花序轴腋芽的影响有显著差异,呈现营养生长和生殖生长2种截然不同的发育进程:在高温弱光处理下,蝴蝶兰花序轴腋芽进行营养生长;在低温强光、低温弱光、高温强光处理下进行生殖生长。总的来说,温度与光照互作对蝴蝶兰光合生理具有显著影响,高温强光加快了蝴蝶兰花序轴腋芽的发育进程,高温弱光对蝴蝶兰的光合生理具有消极的影响,诱导蝴蝶兰花序轴腋芽进行营养生长。

关键词: 蝴蝶兰, 显微结构, 营养生长, 生殖生长, 碳水化合物

Abstract:

Temperature and light intensity are the main environmental factors affecting the growth and development of Phalaenopsis. In this study, the flowering plant of Phalaenopsis ‘Big Chili’ was used as experimental material, and the effects of two light intensity levels (photosynthetic photon flux density were 200 μmol·m^-2·s^-1 and 30 μmol·m^-2·s^-1) on photosynthesis, physiology and axillary bud development of flower stalk in Phalaenopsis were studied under high temperature (30 ℃/28 ℃) and low temperature (24 ℃/18 ℃) conditions. The results showed that the net CO₂ absorption rate under high temperature with low light intensity condition (HT-LL) treatment was significantly higher than that of low temperature with low light intensity condition (LT-LL), low temperature with high light intensity condition (LT-HL) and high temperature and high light intensity condition (HT-HL) in Phalaenopsis leaves. Chlorophyll content under HT-LL treatment was significantly higher than that of LT-LL, LT-HL and HT-HL conditions. The starch content under high light intensity treatment was significantly higher than that in the low light treatment, among which the content was the highest under the HT-HL treatment and the lowest content under the LT-LL treatment; Under HT-LL treatment, the content of starch decreased first and then increased and then decreased, under LT-HL and HT-HL treatments, the content of starch fluctuated up and down. The soluble sugar content of HT-HL treatment was the highest at 7 d. After 14 d, the content of soluble sugar under LT-HL treatment was significantly higher than that under LT-LL, HT-LL and HT-HL treatments. Soluble protein content in HT-HL treatment was significantly higher than that under the other 3 treatments. In addition, combined with the developmental morphology and anatomical characteristics of axillary bud of flower stalk in Phalaenopsis, it was found that the effects of temperature and light on the axillary bud development of flower stalk were significantly different, showing two distinct developmental processes: vegetative growth and reproductive growth. The axillary buds of flower stalk were germinated and grown vegetative growth under HT-LL treatment, and grown reproductive growth under LT-HL, LT-LL and HT-HL treatments. In general, the interaction between temperature and light had a significant effect on the photosynthetic physiology of Phalaenopsis. HT-HL significantly promoted the photosynthesis of Phalaenopsis, which accelerated the axillary bud development of flower stalk in Phalaenopsis. HT-LL treatment had negative effects on photosynthetic physiology of Phalaenopsis and induced vegetative growth of axillary buds of flower stalk.

Key words: Phalaenopsis, microstructure, vegetative growth, reproductive growth, carbohydrate

中图分类号:

S682.31

许申平, 袁秀云, 张燕, 梁芳, 蒋素华, 牛苏燕, 崔波. 温度与光照强度对蝴蝶兰光合生理与花序发育的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2023, 35(10): 2389-2397.

XU Shenping, YUAN Xiuyun, ZHANG Yan, LIANG Fang, JIANG Suhua, NIU Suyan, CUI Bo. Effects of temperature and light intensity on photosynthetic physiology and axillary bud development of flower stalk in Phalaenopsis[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2023, 35(10): 2389-2397.

图/表 5

图1 温度与光照对蝴蝶兰大辣椒叶片净CO2吸收速率和气孔导度的影响 LT-HL,低温强光处理;LT-LL,低温弱光处理;HT-HL,高温强光处理;HT-LL,高温弱光处理。无相同小写字母表示各处理间差异显著(P<0.05)。下同。

Fig.1 Effects of temperature and light intensity on net CO2 absorption rate and stomatal conductance in Phalaenopsis ‘Big Chili’ leaves LT-HL, Low temperature with high light intensity treatment; LT-LL, Low temperature with low light intensity treatment; HT-HL, High temperature and high light intensity treatment; HT-LL, High temperature with low light intensity treatment. Data marked without the same lowercase letter indicated significant differences among treatments at P<0.05. The same as below.

图2 温度与光照强度对蝴蝶兰大辣椒叶片叶绿素含量的影响数据以鲜重计。下同。

Fig.2 Effects of temperature and light intensity on chlorophyl content in Phalaenopsis ‘Big Chili’ leaves Data was detected based on fresh weight. The same as below.

图3 温度与光照对蝴蝶兰大辣椒叶片碳水化合物含量的影响

Fig.3 Effects of temperature and light intensity on the carbohydrate contents in Phalaenopsis ‘Big Chili’ leaves

图4 温度与光照强度对蝴蝶兰大辣椒叶片可溶性蛋白含量的影响

Fig.4 Effects of temperature and light intensity on the soluble protein content in Phalaenopsis ‘Big Chili’ leaves

图5 温度与光照对蝴蝶兰大辣椒花序轴腋芽发育的影响 A,低温强光;B,低温弱光;C,高温强光;D,高温弱光。IM,花序分生组织;FM,花分生组织;SE,花萼分生组织;PE,花瓣分生组织;DB,休眠芽;CO,合蕊柱原基;VC,生长锥;YL,幼叶。

Fig.5 Effects of temperature and light intensity on the axillary bud development of flower stalk in Phalaenopsis ‘Big Chili’ A, Low temperature and high light intensity; B, Low temperature and low light intensity; C, High temperature and high light intensity; D, High temperature and low light intensity. IM, Inflorenscence meristem; FM, Floral meristem; SE, Sepal meristem; PE, Petal meristem; DB, Dormant bud; CO, Column primordium; VC, Vegetative cone; YL, Young leaf.

参考文献 37

[1]	WANG W Y, CHEN W S, CHEN W H, et al. Influence of abscisic acid on flowering in Phalaenopsis hybrida[J]. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 2002, 40(1): 97-100.
[2]	HSIAO Y Y, PAN Z J, HSU C C, et al. Research on orchid biology and biotechnology[J]. Plant and Cell Physiology, 2011, 52(9): 1467-1486.
[3]	CHUGH S, GUHA S, RAO I U. Micropropagation of orchids: a review on the potential of different explants[J]. Scientia Horticulturae, 2009, 122(4): 507-520.
[4]	ENDO M, IKUSIMA I. Diurnal rhythm and characteristics of photosynthesis and respiration in the leaf and root of a Phalaenopsis plant[J]. Plant and Cell Physiology, 1989, 30(1): 43-47.
[5]	BLANCHARD M G, RUNKLE E S. Temperature during the day, but not during the night, controls flowering of Phalaenopsis orchids[J]. Journal of Experimental Botany, 2006, 57(15): 4043-4049.
[6]	WANG Y T. Average daily temperature and reversed day/night temperature regulate vegetative and reproductive responses of a Doritis pulcherrima Lindley hybrid[J]. HortScience, 2007, 42(1): 68-70.
[7]	AN S K, KIM Y J, KIM K S. Optimum heating hour to maintain vegetative growth and inhibit premature inflorescence initiation of six-month and one-year-old Phalaenopsis hybrids[J]. Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology, 2013, 54(2): 91-96.
[8]	NEWTON L A, RUNKLE E S. High-temperature inhibition of flowering of Phalaenopsis and doritaenopsis orchids[J]. HortScience, 2009, 44(5): 1271-1276.
[9]	LEE H B, AN S K, KIM K S. Inhibition of premature flowering by intermittent high temperature treatment to young Phalaenopsis plants[J]. Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology, 2015, 56(5): 618-625.
[10]	CHEN W H, TSENG Y C, LIU Y C, et al. Cool-night temperature induces spike emergence and affects photosynthetic efficiency and metabolizable carbohydrate and organic acid pools in Phalaenopsis aphrodite[J]. Plant Cell Reports, 2008, 27(10): 1667-1675.
[11]	PARADISO R, MAGGIO A, DE PASCALE S. Moderate variations of day/night temperatures affect flower induction and inflorescence development in Phalaenopsis[J]. Scientia Horticulturae, 2012, 139: 102-107.
[12]	LOPEZ R G, RUNKLE E S. Environmental physiology of growth and flowering of orchids[J]. HortScience, 2005, 40(7): 1969-1973.
[13]	WANG Y T. Phalaenopsis orchid light requirement during the induction of spiking[J]. HortScience, 1995, 30(1): 59-61.
[14]	GUO W J, LIN Y Z, LEE N. Photosynthetic light requirements and effects of low irradiance and daylength on Phalaenopsis amabilis[J]. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, 2012, 137(6): 465-472.
[15]	HÜCKSTÄDT A B, TORRE S. Irradiance during vegetative growth phase affects production time and reproductive development of Phalaenopsis[J]. European Journal of Horticultural Science, 2013, 78(4): 160-168.
[16]	LIU Y C, LIU C H, LIN Y C, et al. Effect of low irradiance on the photosynthetic performance and spiking of Phalaenopsis[J]. Photosynthetica, 2016, 54(2): 259-266.
[17]	LICHTENTHALER H K. Chlorophylls and carotenoids: pigments of photosynthetic biomembranes[M]// Methods in Enzymology. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1987: 350-382.
[18]	MORRIS D L. Quantitative determination of carbohydrates with dreywood’s anthrone reagent[J]. Science, 1948, 107(2775): 254-255.
[19]	ZAPATA C, DELÉENS E, CHAILLOU S, et al. Partitioning and mobilization of starch and N reserves in grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.)[J]. Journal of Plant Physiology, 2004, 161(9): 1031-1040.
[20]	BRADFORD M M. A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding[J]. Analytical Biochemistry, 1976, 72(1/2): 248-254.
[21]	NOBEL P S. Achievable productivities of certain CAM plants: basis for high values compared with C₃ and C₄ plants[J]. New Phytologist, 1991, 119(2): 183-205.
[22]	许申平, 曾兰婷, 叶庆生. 长期增施CO₂对蝴蝶兰生长与开花的影响[J]. 园艺学报, 2015, 42(8): 1599-1605.
	XU S P, ZENG L T, YE Q S. Effects of long-term elevated CO₂ on growth and flowering in Phalaenopsis[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2015, 42(8): 1599-1605. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[23]	DODD A N, BORLAND A M, HASLAM R P, et al. Crassulacean acid metabolism: plastic, fantastic[J]. Journal of Experimental Botany, 2002, 53(369): 569-580.
[24]	CEUSTERS J, BORLAND A M, GODTS C, et al. Crassulacean acid metabolism under severe light limitation: a matter of plasticity in the shadows?[J]. Journal of Experimental Botany, 2011, 62(1): 283-291.
[25]	WU P H, LIU C H, TSENG K M, et al. Low irradiance alters carbon metabolism and delays flower stalk development in two orchids[J]. Biologia Plantarum, 2013, 57(4): 764-768.
[26]	LÜTTGE U. Ecophysiology of crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM)[J]. Annals of Botany, 2004, 93(6): 629-652.
[27]	LEE H B, JEONG S J, LIM N H, et al. Correlation between carbohydrate contents in the leaves and inflorescence initiation in Phalaenopsis[J]. Scientia Horticulturae, 2020, 265: 109270.
[28]	QIN Q P, KAAS Q, ZHANG C, et al. The cold awakening of Doritaenopsis ‘Tinny tender’ orchid flowers: the role of leaves in cold-induced bud dormancy release[J]. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation, 2012, 31(2): 139-155.
[29]	KATAOKA K, SUMITOMO K, FUDANO T, et al. Changes in sugar content of Phalaenopsis leaves before floral transition[J]. Scientia Horticulturae, 2004, 102(1): 121-132.
[30]	韦莉, 彭方仁, 王世博, 等. 蝴蝶兰‘V31’花芽分化的形态观察及几种代谢产物含量的变化[J]. 园艺学报, 2010, 37(8): 1303-1310.
	WEI L, PENG F R, WANG S B, et al. Morphology and changes of several metabolites content during flower bud differentiation in Phalaenopsis[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2010, 37(8): 1303-1310. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[31]	YU S M, LO S F, HO T H D. Source-sink communication: regulated by hormone, nutrient, and stress cross-signaling[J]. Trends in Plant Science, 2015, 20(12): 844-857.
[32]	许申平, 张燕, 袁秀云, 等. 依据显微结构及光合特性探讨蝴蝶兰花芽分化的时期[J]. 园艺学报, 2020, 47(7): 1359-1368.
	XU S P, ZHANG Y, YUAN X Y, et al. Explore the key period of floral determination based on the microstructure and photosynthetic characteristics in Phalaenopsis[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2020, 47(7): 1359-1368. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[33]	CHO A R, CHUNG S W, KIM Y J. Flowering responses under elevated CO₂ and graded nutrient supply in Phalaenopsis Queen Beer ‘Mantefon’[J]. Scientia Horticulturae, 2020, 273: 109602.
[34]	CHO A R, SONG S J, CHUNG S W, et al. CO₂ enrichment with higher light level improves flowering quality of Phalaenopsis queen beer ‘mantefon’[J]. Scientia Horticulturae, 2019, 247: 356-361.
[35]	JEONG S J, LEE H B, AN S K, et al. High temperature stress prior to induction phase delays flowering initiation and inflorescence development in Phalaenopsis queen beer ‘Mantefon’[J]. Scientia Horticulturae, 2020, 263: 109092.
[36]	HOGEWONING S W, BOOGAART S A J, TONGERLO E, et al. CAM-physiology and carbon gain of the orchid Phalaenopsisin response to light intensity, light integral and CO₂[J]. Plant, Cell & Environment, 2021, 44(3): 762-774.
[37]	SAKANISHI Y, IMANISHI H, ISHIDA G. Effect of temperature on growth and flowering of Phalaenopsis amabilis[J]. Bulletin of the University of Osaka Prefecture, B, 1980, 32: 1-9.

温度与光照强度对蝴蝶兰光合生理与花序发育的影响

Effects of temperature and light intensity on photosynthetic physiology and axillary bud development of flower stalk in Phalaenopsis

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 5

参考文献 37

相关文章 12

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	许申平, 张燕, 梁芳, 蒋素华, 牛苏燕, 崔波, 袁秀云. 蝴蝶兰PhaSEP3基因的克隆及其在突变体中的表达[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2022, 34(8): 1703-1712.
[2]	谢放, 夏樱霞, 苏强军, UWITUGABIYE Vestine, 陈照禾, 周刚. 中国被毛孢三种菌丝形态的超显微特征观察[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2021, 33(5): 855-860.
[3]	严文一, 谢永东, 仰路希, 陈延, 王海霞, 孙勃, 贺忠群. 两个品种人参菜形态、解剖结构比较与核型分析[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2019, 31(8): 1321-1330.
[4]	李刚波, 张梅, 樊继德, 赵林, 张婷, 蔺经, 常有宏, 杨峰. 徐淮地区避雨栽培对早熟砂梨果实糖积累和营养生长的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2019, 31(6): 900-907.
[5]	肖姗姗，赵虎，孙叶芳，戴余有*. 小兰屿蝴蝶兰（Phalaenopsis equestris）NAC转录因子家族的全基因组序列鉴定及其进化分析[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2016, 28(7): 1156-.
[6]	徐敏;汪少敏;周虹;张海珍;付晓陆 . 植物生长调节剂NAA和6-BA对红蓝石蒜种球营养生长及内源激素的影响[J]. , 2013, 25(4): 0-771.
[7]	田丹青;葛亚英;刘晓静;潘刚敏;沈晓岚;潘晓韵;郁永明*. 外源ABA对低温胁迫下蝴蝶兰叶片生理指标的影响[J]. , 2013, 25(1): 0-72.
[8]	邓衍福;陈芝娟;程晓非;章鹏程;胡凤;施农农*. 建兰花叶病毒TGB1和TGB2基因的原核表达[J]. , 2012, 24(6): 0-1049.
[9]	王涛;王海琴;林媚;冯先桔;黄雪燕;陈丹霞. 大棚栽培对翠冠梨果实碳水化合物积累的影响[J]. , 2008, 20(4): 0-239.
[10]	徐晓薇;林绍生;姚丽娟;陈中林;游聚斌 . 蝴蝶兰种胚萌发影响因素的研究[J]. , 2004, 16(4): 0-205.
[11]	付亮剑;孙建义;陈艳;许梓荣. 影响动物肠道SI基因表达的因素[J]. , 2004, 16(3): 0-171.
[12]	朱丹华;李百权;王国法;吴列洪. 不同春大豆品种在红壤和冲积土上的适应性研究:Ⅰ.营养生长[J]. , 2002, 14(5): 0-259.