茶籽饼对黄芪和三七根腐病病原菌的抑制效果

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2022.06.13

浙江农业学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (6): 1227-1235.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2022.06.13

茶籽饼对黄芪和三七根腐病病原菌的抑制效果

杨秀娟¹(), 李卫雅¹, 李彩苗¹, 成碧君¹, 高芬², 赵军³

1.山西医科大学公共卫生学院,山西太原 030001
2.山西大学应用化学研究所,山西太原 030006
3.南京师范大学地理科学学院,江苏南京 210023

收稿日期:2021-09-13 出版日期:2022-06-25 发布日期:2022-06-30
作者简介:杨秀娟（1988—）,女,山西晋中人,博士,讲师,研究方向为中药材微生物病害防治与土壤微生物生态。E-mail: yangxj@sxmu.edu.cn
基金资助:
山西省应用基础研究计划(201801D221404);山西医科大学校级博士启动基金(03201522);国家级大学生创新创业训练计划(201910114024)

Antifungal effect of Camellia seed cake on root rot pathogens of Astragalus membranaceus and Panax notoginseng

YANG Xiujuan¹(), LI Weiya¹, LI Caimiao¹, CHENG Bijun¹, GAO Fen², ZHAO Jun³

1. School of Public Heath, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
2. Institute of Applied Chemistry, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
3. School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China

Received:2021-09-13 Online:2022-06-25 Published:2022-06-30

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

黄芪和三七根腐病害日益显著,严重制约其产量和品质。本研究旨在探讨茶籽饼水浸提液和挥发性气体,以及茶籽饼中有效抑菌成分对黄芪和三七根腐病6株优势病原菌菌丝生长的影响,探究茶籽饼中各物质成分抑制根腐病病原菌生长的能力。试验采用平板接种法对黄芪和三七根腐病6株优势病原菌进行培养,每日测量菌落直径并计算抑菌率。结果表明,2 g∙L^-1茶籽饼水浸提液对黄芪根腐病病原菌锐顶镰刀菌（Fusarium acuminatum）、腐皮镰刀菌（Fusarium solani）、尖孢镰刀菌（Fusarium oxysporum）的抑菌率分别为52.08%、20.89%、41.98%。5 g∙L^-1茶籽饼水浸提液对三七根腐病病原菌腐皮镰刀菌（F. solani）、尖孢镰刀菌（F. oxysporum）、土赤壳菌（Ilyonectria sp.）的抑菌率分别为25.31%、30.51%、13.33%。50 g∙L^-1茶籽饼挥发性气体对三七根腐病病原菌F. solani、F. oxysporum、Ilyonectria sp.的抑菌率分别为52.16%、60.16%、40.47%。茶籽饼中茶皂素和5种挥发性有机化合物对6株病原菌均有显著抑制作用,其中,1-辛烯-3-醇和2-甲基丁酸抑菌能力最强。研究结果为茶籽饼防控中药材根腐病奠定了基础。

关键词: 根腐病病原菌, 茶籽饼, 水浸提液, 挥发性有机化合物, 抑菌率

Abstract:

The root rot disease of Astragalus membranaceus and Panax notoginseng are increasingly serious which have restricted their yield and quality. To investigate the effect of water extract and volatile organic compounds of Camellia seed cake on root rot fungal pathogens of A. membranaceus and P. notoginseng, six dominant root rot fungal pathogens were used for testing, respectively. 6 strains of dominant pathogenic fungi from Astragalus membranaceus and Panax notoginseng were cultured by plate inoculation method, and the inhibition rate was calculated by measuring the diameter of colony every day. 2 g∙L^-1 water extract of Camellia seed cake showed significant inhibition on A. membranaceus root rot pathogens Fusarium acuminatum, Fusarium solani and Fusarium oxysporum, and inhibition rates were 52.08%, 20.89% and 41.98%, respectively. 5 g∙L^-1 water extract of Camellia seed cake showed significant inhibition on P. notoginseng root rot pathogens F. solani, F. oxysporum and Ilyonectria sp., and inhibition rates were 25.31 %, 30.51% and 13.33%, respectively. 50 g∙L^-1 volatile organic compounds of Camellia seed cake showed inhibition on P. notoginseng root rot pathogens F. oxysporum, F. solani, and Ilyonectria sp., and inhibition rates were 60.16%, 52.16% and 40.47%, respectively. Tea saponin and five volatile organic compounds of Camellia seed cake showed significant inhibitory effects on the six fungi pathogens, of which 1-octen-3-ol and 2-methylbutyric acid showed the strongest fungistatic ability. This study layed a solid foundation for the effective prevention and control of Chinese herbs root rot disease by Camellia seed cake.

Key words: root rot pathogens, Camellia seed cake, water extract, volatile organic compounds, inhibition rate

中图分类号:

S436.68

杨秀娟, 李卫雅, 李彩苗, 成碧君, 高芬, 赵军. 茶籽饼对黄芪和三七根腐病病原菌的抑制效果[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2022, 34(6): 1227-1235.

YANG Xiujuan, LI Weiya, LI Caimiao, CHENG Bijun, GAO Fen, ZHAO Jun. Antifungal effect of Camellia seed cake on root rot pathogens of Astragalus membranaceus and Panax notoginseng[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2022, 34(6): 1227-1235.

图/表 5

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茶籽饼水浸提液终浓度 Concentrations of Camellia seed cake water extract/(g∙L^-1)	黄芪根腐病病原菌 Root rot pathogens of A. membranaceus			三七根腐病病原菌 Root rot pathogens of P. notoginseng
	F. acuminatum	F. solani	F. oxysporum	F. solani	F. oxysporum	Ilyonectria sp.
2	52.08±4.66 a	20.89±10.29 b	41.98±1.83 a	20.13±7.02 a	8.60±4.07 b	26.67±0.04 a
5	47.69±5.18 a	35.62±4.30 a	46.94±4.06 a	25.31±0.53 a	30.51±4.21 a	13.33±0.01 a
10	28.36±21.44 a	23.69±5.12 a	32.22±5.90 b	4.00±7.62 b	35.60±3.29 a	20.00±0.02 a

茶籽饼水浸提液终浓度 Concentrations of Camellia seed cake water extract/(g∙L^-1)	黄芪根腐病病原菌 Root rot pathogens of A. membranaceus			三七根腐病病原菌 Root rot pathogens of P. notoginseng
	F. acuminatum	F. solani	F. oxysporum	F. solani	F. oxysporum	Ilyonectria sp.
2	52.08±4.66 a	20.89±10.29 b	41.98±1.83 a	20.13±7.02 a	8.60±4.07 b	26.67±0.04 a
5	47.69±5.18 a	35.62±4.30 a	46.94±4.06 a	25.31±0.53 a	30.51±4.21 a	13.33±0.01 a
10	28.36±21.44 a	23.69±5.12 a	32.22±5.90 b	4.00±7.62 b	35.60±3.29 a	20.00±0.02 a

茶籽饼中挥发性气体浓度 Concentrations of volatile gases in Camellia seed cake/(g∙L^-1)	黄芪根腐病病原菌抑制率 Inhibition rate of root rot pathogens of A. membranaceus			三七根腐病病原菌抑制率 Inhibition rate of root rot pathogens of P. notoginseng
	F. acuminatum	F. solani	F. oxysporum	F. solani	F. oxysporum	Ilyonectria sp.
10	22.24±22.92 a	41.79±4.01 a	45.22±1.30 a	45.80±27.97 a	48.72±8.21 a	28.03±8.14 b
50	35.73±9.88 a	51.01±3.15 a	52.36±1.13 a	52.16±6.16 a	60.16±2.28 a	40.47±4.31 a

茶籽饼中挥发性气体浓度 Concentrations of volatile gases in Camellia seed cake/(g∙L^-1)	黄芪根腐病病原菌抑制率 Inhibition rate of root rot pathogens of A. membranaceus			三七根腐病病原菌抑制率 Inhibition rate of root rot pathogens of P. notoginseng
	F. acuminatum	F. solani	F. oxysporum	F. solani	F. oxysporum	Ilyonectria sp.
10	22.24±22.92 a	41.79±4.01 a	45.22±1.30 a	45.80±27.97 a	48.72±8.21 a	28.03±8.14 b
50	35.73±9.88 a	51.01±3.15 a	52.36±1.13 a	52.16±6.16 a	60.16±2.28 a	40.47±4.31 a

药剂Pharmaceutics	添加量 Addition /μL	黄芪根腐病病原菌抑制率Inhibition rate of root rot pathogens of A. membranaceus									三七根腐病病原菌抑制率Inhibition rate of root rot pathogens of P. notoginseng
		F. acuminatum			F. solani			F. oxysporum			F. solani			F. oxysporum			Ilyonectria sp.
		Day2	Day4	Day6	Day2	Day 4	Day6	Day2	Day4	Day6	Day 2	Day4	Day 6	Day 2	Day4	Day 6	Day2	Day 4	Day6
1-辛烯-3-醇 1-Octen-3-ol	10	63.89±4.81 a	73.64±9.68 a	56.61±17.48 b	66.67±0.00 a	42.67±8.33 b	23.42±10.92 b	78.38±0.00 a	75.36±2.05 b	38.37±4.93 b	50.00±0.01 a	60.32±2.75 b	23.53±4.16 b	60.61±5.25 a	51.16±16.44 a	32.35±12.48 a	20.00±0.01 a	75.00±0.01 a	80.00±0.01 a
	50	66.67±0.01 a	81.40±0.01 a	87.30±0.01 a	73.33±0.01 a	84.00±0.01 a	89.19±0.01 a	78.38±0.01 a	88.41±0.01 a	90.70±0.01 a	50.00±0.01 a	80.95±0.01 a	88.24±0.01 a	63.64±0.01 a	81.40±0.01 a	88.24±0.01 a	20.00±0.01 a	75.00±0.01 a	80.00±0.01 a
	100	66.67±0.01 a	81.40±0.01 a	87.30±0.01 a	73.33±0.01 a	84.00±0.01 a	89.19±0.01 a	78.38±0.01 a	88.41±0.01 a	90.70±0.01 a	50.00±0.01 a	80.95±0.01 a	88.24±0.01 a	63.64±0.01 a	81.40±0.01 a	88.24±0.01 a	20.00±0.01 a	75.00±0.01 a	80.00±0.01 a
2-甲基丁酯 2-Methylbutyl ester	10	11.11±4.81 b	8.53±5.37 b	1.59±3.17 b	8.89±3.85 c	0 b	4.50±1.56 b	15.32±3.12 c	12.08±4.43 c	0 b	0 c	0 c	-2.94±0.01c	12.12±5.25 c	-0.78±5.37 b	-5.88±0.01b	0 b	35.42±3.61 b	5.00±0.01 b
	50	30.56±12.73 b	20.93±8.06 b	8.99±4.85 b	35.56±3.85 b	22.67±4.62 a	18.92±2.70 a	42.34±8.26 b	23.67±6.03 b	1.55±2.69 b	16.67±7.22 b	12.70±2.75 b	6.86±1.70 b	27.27±0.01 b	-2.33±0.01b	-0.98±1.70 b	6.67±11.55 b	39.58±3.61 b	20.00±5.00 a
	100	58.33±14.43 a	47.29±14.95 a	26.98±8.40 a	44.44±3.85 a	25.33±2.31 a	21.62±2.70 a	71.17±8.26 a	48.79±4.43 a	27.13±1.34 a	37.50±0.01 a	38.10±0.01 a	18.63±4.49 a	54.55±0.01 a	37.98±10.74 a	17.65±5.88 a	20.00±0.01 a	52.08±3.61 a	23.33±2.89 a
2-甲基丁酸 2-Methylbutyric	10	66.67±0.01 a	81.40±0.01 a	87.30±0.01 a	73.33±0.01 a	84.00±0.01 a	72.97±3.82 b	78.38±0.01 a	88.41±0.01 a	80.62±17.45 a	50.00±0.01 a	80.95±0.01 a	80.88±2.08 b	63.64±0.01 a	81.40±0.01 a	73.53±0.01 a	20.00±0.01a	75.00±0.01 a	80.00±0.01 a
	50	66.67±0.01 a	81.40±0.01 a	87.30±0.01 a	73.33±0.01 a	84.00±0.01 a	89.19±0.01 a	78.38±0.01 a	88.41±0.01 a	90.70±0.01 a	50.00±0.01 a	80.95±0.01 a	88.24±0.01 a	63.64±0.01 a	81.40±0.01 a	88.24±0.01 a	20.00±0.01 a	75.00±0.01 a	80.00±0.01 a
	100	66.67±0.01 a	81.40±0.01 a	87.30±0.01 a	73.33±0.01 a	84.00± 0.01 a	89.19±0.01 a	78.38±0.01 a	88.41±0.01a	90.70± 0.01 a	50.00±0.01 a	80.95±0.01 a	88.24±0.01 a	63.64±0.01 a	81.40±0.01 a	88.24± 0.01 a	20.00±0.01 a	75.00±0.01 a	80.00±0.01 a
丁酸丁酯 Butyl butyrate	10	22.22±4.81 b	13.18±5.37 b	6.88±1.83 b	20.00±0.01 b	10.67±2.31 b	6.31±1.56 b	63.96±13.60 a	45.89±11.71 b	27.13±7.10 b	0 c	2.38±3.37 b	-0.98±3.40 b	36.36±0.01 c	10.08±2.69 b	0.98±1.70 b	0 a	39.58±7.22 b	11.67±5.77 b
	50	63.89±4.81 a	51.94±14.95 a	30.16±11.00 a	53.33±6.67 a	32.00±4.00 a	23.42±1.56 a	71.17±12.48 a	58.45±12.07 b	38.76±12.81 b	33.33±7.22 b	15.87±7.27 b	12.75±1.70 a	45.45±0.01 b	16.28±0.01 b	10.78±1.70 a	20.00±0.01 a	75.00±0.01 a	80.00±0.01 a
	100	66.67±0.01 a	62.79±4.65 a	43.92±4.85 a	57.78±3.85 a	26.67±2.31 a	19.82±3.12 a	78.38±0.01 a	81.64±6.03 a	61.24±16.33 a	45.83±7.22 a	35.71±16.84 a	16.18±6.24 a	60.61±5.25 a	34.88±12.31 a	15.69±7.40 a	20.00±0.01 a	75.00±0.01 a	80.00±0.01 a
正丁醇 1-Butanol	10	19.44±12.73 b	17.83±14.21 b	11.11±9.52 c	2.22±3.85 c	8.00±4.00 c	7.21±4.13 b	17.12±6.24 c	19.81±6.69 b	12.40±5.85 c	4.17±7.22 b	1.59±2.75 c	0 c	9.09±0.01 c	8.53±5.37 b	3.92±3.40 b	6.67±11.55 a	54.17±3.61 c	36.67±12.58 c
	50	66.67±0.01 a	70.54±2.69 a	61.90±3.17 b	28.89±10.18 b	25.33±9.24 b	26.13±10.23 b	42.34±3.12 b	38.16±4.43 b	30.23±8.06 b	16.67±7.22 b	20.63±2.75 b	16.67±1.70 b	30.30±5.25 b	17.83±2.69 b	12.75±6.12 b	20.00±0.01 a	66.67±3.61 b	58.33±2.89 b
	100	66.67±0.01 a	81.40±0.01 a	87.30±0.01 a	66.67±6.67 a	48.00±0.01 a	48.65±11.47 a	72.97±9.36 a	71.98±13.39 a	64.34±9.68 a	41.67±7.22 a	50.00±3.37 a	42.65±2.08 a	57.58±5.25 a	67.44±9.30 a	52.94±8.32 a	20.00±0.01 a	75.00±0.01 a	80.00±0.01 a

茶籽饼对黄芪和三七根腐病病原菌的抑制效果

Antifungal effect of Camellia seed cake on root rot pathogens of Astragalus membranaceus and Panax notoginseng

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