性比对草地贪夜蛾交配和繁殖能力的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2023.06.15

浙江农业学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (6): 1375-1384.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2023.06.15

性比对草地贪夜蛾交配和繁殖能力的影响

韩海亮¹(), 包斐¹, 陈斌¹, 徐红星², 王桂跃¹, 吕仲贤², 赵福成¹^,^*()

1.浙江省农业科学院玉米与特色旱粮研究所,浙江东阳 322100
2.浙江省农业科学院植物保护与微生物研究所,浙江杭州 310021

收稿日期:2022-07-26 出版日期:2023-06-25 发布日期:2023-07-04
通讯作者: *赵福成,E-mail: encliff@163.com
作者简介:韩海亮(1984—),男,河南卢氏人,硕士,助理研究员,研究方向为鲜食玉米病虫害生态治理。E-mail: hhl522@163.com
基金资助:
浙江省重点研发计划(2020C02001);国家重点研发计划(2021YFD1400700)

Effect of sex ratio on mating and reproductive capacity of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

HAN Hailiang¹(), BAO Fei¹, CHEN Bin¹, XU Hongxing², WANG Guiyue¹, LYU Zhongxian², ZHAO Fucheng¹^,^*()

1. Institute of Maize and Featured Upland Crops, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Dongyang 322100, Zhejiang, China
2. Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China

Received:2022-07-26 Online:2023-06-25 Published:2023-07-04

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为明确性比对草地贪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)成虫交配和繁殖的影响,为性信息素的应用提供理论基础,特设置雌雄性比为4∶1、3∶1、2∶1、1∶1、1∶2、1∶3和1∶4的7个处理,通过解剖雌蛾卵巢的方法调查不同性比对成虫交配能力的影响,并采用生物学方法调查性比对成虫寿命,以及雌蛾产卵前期、产卵历期、产卵量与孵化率等的影响。结果表明,减少雄蛾比例可以显著(P<0.05)降低雌蛾的交配率,单头雌蛾的平均交配次数随着雌雄性比的降低而显著增加,从4∶1时的0.39次增加到1∶4时的2.31次。随着雌雄性比的增大,平均单头雄蛾的交配次数从4∶1时的1.56次下降到1∶4时的0.50次。当雌雄性比为1∶1时,雌、雄成虫的寿命均最长。当雌雄性比>1时,单雌产卵量和卵孵化率均较低,随着雌雄性比的降低,二者显著增加,当雌雄性比降至1∶1时,二者分别为949.48粒和73.68%,但若在此基础上继续增加雄蛾比例,这两个参数不再显著增加。不同性比下,雌蛾的产卵量和幼虫孵化量均集中在羽化后7 d以内。随着雌雄性比的增大,产卵历期相对延长,但峰值相对降低。综上,当雌雄性比为1∶1时,草地贪夜蛾的雌蛾具有最长寿命,可充分交配,并具有最高的单雌产卵量和卵孵化率。在此基础上降低雄蛾比例,可降低交配率和雌蛾交配次数,进而降低单雌产卵量和孵化率。

关键词: 草地贪夜蛾, 性比, 成虫寿命, 交配次数, 繁殖能力

Abstract:

In order to clarify the effect of sex ratio on mating and reproduction of Spodoptera frugiperda(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) adults, and to provide theoretical basis for the efficient application of sex attractants, 7 sex ratios (female to male) were set as 4:1, 3∶1, 2∶1, 1∶1, 1∶2, 1∶3, 1∶4, the effects of different sex ratios on the mating ability of adults were investigated by dissecting the mated females, and the effects of sex ratios on the adult longevity, pre-oviposition period, oviposition duration, oviposition quantity and hatching rate of female moths were investigated through biological methods. Results showed that reducing the proportion of male moths could significantly (P<0.05) reduce the mating rate of female moths. The average mating times of single female moths increased significantly with the increase of the proportion of male moths, from 0.39 times at sex ratio of 4∶1 to 2.31 times at 1∶4. The average mating time of single male moth decreased from 1.56 times at sex ratio of 4∶1 to 0.50 times at 1∶4. The longevity of adults was the longest when the sex ratio was 1∶1. When the sex ratio was greater than 1, the number of eggs laid by a single female and the egg hatching rate were relatively low. Along with the decrease of sex ratio, those two parameters increased significantly until the sex ratio was 1∶1, when the number of eggs laid by a single female and the egg hatching rate were 949.48 and 73.68%, respectively. But, the further decrease of sex ratio did not significantly increase these parameters. At different sex ratios, the egg laying and larval hatching of female moths were concentrated within 7 days after eclosion. With the decrease of the proportion of male moths, the oviposition duration was prolonged and the peak value was reduced relatively. It was concluded that when the sex ratio was 1∶1, the female moth had the maximum life span, it could fully mate and have the highest single female oviposition and egg hatching rate. Reducing the proportion of male moths could reduce the mating rate and the mating times of female moths, hence reduce the number of eggs and hatching rate of a single female.

Key words: Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), sex ratio, adult longevity, mating time, reproductive capacity

中图分类号:

S433.4

韩海亮, 包斐, 陈斌, 徐红星, 王桂跃, 吕仲贤, 赵福成. 性比对草地贪夜蛾交配和繁殖能力的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2023, 35(6): 1375-1384.

HAN Hailiang, BAO Fei, CHEN Bin, XU Hongxing, WANG Guiyue, LYU Zhongxian, ZHAO Fucheng. Effect of sex ratio on mating and reproductive capacity of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2023, 35(6): 1375-1384.

图/表 8

图1 草地贪夜蛾雌蛾的卵巢、交配囊和精包形态 A,交配囊;B,卵巢管;C,未交配的交配囊;D,已交配的交配囊;E,精包。

Fig.1 Morphology of ovary, bursa copulatrix and spermatophore of Spodoptera frugiperda female moth A, Bursa copulatrix; B, Ovariole; C, Unmated bursa copulatrix; D, Mated bursa copulatrix; E, Spermatophore.

图2 性比(雌∶雄)对草地贪夜蛾雌蛾交配率的影响柱上无相同字母的表示差异显著(P<0.05)。

Fig.2 Effect of sex ratio (female∶male) on mating rate of Spodoptera frugiperda female moth Bars marked without the same letters indicate significant difference at P<0.05.

图3 性比(雌∶雄)对草地贪夜蛾雌蛾、雄蛾交配次数的影响柱上无相同字母的表示相同性别下不同处理间差异显著(P<0.05)。图6同。

Fig.3 Effect of sex ratio (female∶male) on mating times of female and male moth of Spodoptera frugiperda Bars marked without the same letters indicate significant different within treatments for the same sex at P<0.05. The same as in Fig. 6.

图4 不同性比(雌∶雄)下草地贪夜蛾雌蛾交配次数的分布比例

Fig.4 Distribution of mating times of Spodoptera frugiperda female moth under different sex ratio (female∶male)

图5 性比(雌∶雄)对草地贪夜蛾雌蛾产卵前期和产卵历期的影响柱上无相同字母的表示同一指标下各处理间差异显著(P<0.05)。

Fig.5 Effect of sex ratio (female∶male) on pre-oviposition period and oviposition duration of Spodoptera frugiperda female moth Bars marked without the same letters indicate significant difference at P<0.05 within treatments under the same index.

图6 性比(雌∶雄)对草地贪夜蛾成虫寿命的影响

Fig.6 Effect of sex ratio (female∶male) on longevity of adult Spodoptera frugiperda

表1 性比(雌∶雄)对草地贪夜蛾繁殖力的影响

Table 1 Effect of sex ratio (female∶male) on fecundity of Spodoptera frugiperda

性比(雌∶雄) Sex ratio (female∶male)	单雌平均产卵量 Average eggs per female moth	孵化率 Hatching rate/%
4∶1	395.70±51.80 c	38.15±6.45 c
3∶1	417.86±59.00 bc	46.55±7.33 bc
2∶1	695.19±55.57 ab	58.97±6.10 ab
1∶1	949.48±72.41 a	73.68±4.69 a
1∶2	933.71±85.72 a	61.71±6.16 ab
1∶3	880.60±98.94 a	68.41±5.66 a
1∶4	917.00±85.74 a	72.37±5.08 a

图7 不同性比(雌:雄)下草地贪夜蛾雌蛾配对后天数对产卵量(A)和孵化量(B)的影响

Fig.7 Effects of days after pairing on oviposition quantity (A) and hatching rate (B) of Spodoptera frugiperda female moth under different sex ratios (female∶male)

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性比对草地贪夜蛾交配和繁殖能力的影响

Effect of sex ratio on mating and reproductive capacity of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

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