不同方法提取海洋硅藻粗多糖的比较

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2018.02.15

浙江农业学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (2): 280-289.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2018.02.15

不同方法提取海洋硅藻粗多糖的比较

陈利华, 王欣^*, 成家杨

北京大学深圳研究生院环境与能源学院,广东深圳 518055

收稿日期:2017-04-28 出版日期:2018-02-20 发布日期:2018-02-11
通讯作者: 王欣,E-mail:wangxin@pkusz.edu.cn
作者简介:陈利华(1984—),女,辽宁大连人,硕士研究生,从事海洋微藻吸附重金属研究。E-mail:sweet060525@126.com
基金资助:
海洋公益性行业科研专项(201305022); 广东省自然科学基金—博士启动(2014A030310326)

Comparison of crude polysaccharides extraction from marine diatom under different methods

CHEN Lihua, WANG Xin^*, CHENG Jiayang

School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate school, Shenzhen 518055, China

Received:2017-04-28 Online:2018-02-20 Published:2018-02-11

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用不同提取方法(水提法、酸提法、碱提法、超声辅助法、冻融辅助法等)从室外培养的海洋硅藻生物质中提取粗多糖。通过比较不同方法下的粗多糖提取率、多糖总糖、蛋白质及硫酸基含量筛选较优的方法。试验结果显示,水提法的粗多糖提取率最低,浓碱法粗多糖提取率最高。物理法(超声、冻融结合高温法)提取的粗多糖中总糖含量总体比化学试剂法(酸碱法)高,以冻融+90 ℃最高,稀酸法最低;硫酸基含量则以稀酸法最高,浓碱法最低。综合单位质量海洋硅藻生物质粗多糖提取率与单位质量粗多糖组成的结果可知,单位质量硅藻生物质提取的总糖量大小为:浓碱+冻融法>浓碱+冻融+90 ℃法>浓碱法>稀酸法>超声+冻融+90 ℃>稀碱法>超声+冻融>冻融+90 ℃;硫酸基质量以浓碱+冻融法最高,稀碱法最低。这些结果表明,利用浓碱+冻融法可从海洋硅藻中提取出较多多糖并使硫酸基处于较高水平,利于硅藻多糖后续的纯化与利用。进一步利用浓碱+冻融法提取4种海洋硅藻(角毛藻、菱形藻、茧形藻、海链藻)粗多糖,结果表明,单位质量生物质提取的粗多糖总糖含量以茧形藻最高(约24%),海链藻最低(约5%);硫酸基含量则以角毛藻最高(5.05%),茧形藻最低(0.51%)。

关键词: 粗多糖, 海洋硅藻, 总糖, 硫酸基

Abstract: Crude polysaccharide was extracted from marine diatom biomass cultured outdoor by using several methods (water extraction, acid extraction, alkali extraction, ultrasonic assisted extraction and freeze thawing assisted extraction method). The extraction method was optimized by comparing extraction rates, total polysaccharides content, protein content and sulfate groups content of the crude polysaccharides under different methods. The results showed that the lowest extraction rate was found in the case of water extraction, and the highest value was found in the case of concentrated alkaline (4% NaOH) method. The total polysaccharides content of the crude polysaccharides extracted by physical methods (ultrasonic, freeze+thawing combined with heated water method) were relatively higher than that by chemical methods, with the highest value under freeze thawing +90 ℃ method and the lowest value under acid extraction method. However, the sulfate groups content showed the highest value under acid method and the lowest under concentrated alkaline method. Considering the extraction rate of crude polysaccharides and components of crude polysaccharides, the total polysaccharides content in unit diatom biomass was calculated and showed a trend as: concentrated alkaline+freeze thawing>concentrated alkaline+freeze thawing+90 ℃>concentrated alkaline>acid extraction>ultrasonic+freeze thawing +90 ℃>alkali extraction>ultrasonic+freeze thawing>freeze thawing+90 ℃; and the highest sulfate groups content was found when using concentrated alkaline+freeze thawing and the lowest one was alkali extraction. Therefore, it could be concluded from these results that concentrated alkaline+freeze thawing was the most suitable method for crude polysaccharides extraction from marine diatom which could keep the sulfate groups content at a relatively high level. The concentrated alkaline+freeze thawing method was further used for crude polysaccharides extraction from four isolated diatom species. Results suggested that the total polysaccharides content in unit dry mass of Entomoneis sp. was higher than that of the other three diatom species (24%). However, Chaetoceros sp. showed the highest sulfate groups content (5.05%), and Entomoneis sp. showed the lowest (0.51%).

Key words: crude polysaccharide, marine diatom, total polysaccharides, sulfate groups

中图分类号:

S986.5

陈利华, 王欣, 成家杨. 不同方法提取海洋硅藻粗多糖的比较[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2018, 30(2): 280-289.

CHEN Lihua, WANG Xin, CHENG Jiayang. Comparison of crude polysaccharides extraction from marine diatom under different methods[J]. , 2018, 30(2): 280-289.

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不同方法提取海洋硅藻粗多糖的比较

Comparison of crude polysaccharides extraction from marine diatom under different methods

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