施氮量对低谷蛋白水稻籽粒品质及蛋白质组分的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2019.02.02

浙江农业学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (2): 182-190.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2019.02.02

施氮量对低谷蛋白水稻籽粒品质及蛋白质组分的影响

兰艳, 黄曌, 胡明明, 涂云彪, 孙影影, 隋晓东, 龚静, 李天^*

四川农业大学农学院/作物生理生态及栽培四川省重点实验室,四川成都 611130

收稿日期:2018-08-13 出版日期:2019-02-25 发布日期:2019-03-06
通讯作者: 李天,E-mail: lit@sicau.edu.cn
作者简介:兰艳(1992—),女,四川泸州人,博士研究生,主要从事作物高产优质栽培研究。E-mail: lanyansicau@163.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0300506); 四川省科技厅科技支撑计划重点研发项(2017NZ0040)

Effects of nitrogen application rate on quality and protein components of low-gluten rice

LAN Yan, HUANG Zhao, HU Mingming, TU Yunbiao, SUN Yingying, SUI Xiaodong, GONG Jing, LI Tian^*

Agricultural College, Sichuan Agricultural University/Crop Ecophysiology and Cultivation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China

Received:2018-08-13 Online:2019-02-25 Published:2019-03-06

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探明施氮量对低谷蛋白水稻功能成分的影响,以低谷蛋白水稻D105为材料,在大田栽培条件下,设置0、90、135、180、225 kg·hm^-2 5个施氮处理(N0-N4),研究不同氮肥水平对籽粒蛋白质组分含量动态变化及加工品质的影响,并分析了各组分蛋白比例变化。结果表明,灌浆结实期D105籽粒总蛋白含量及各组分蛋白含量随着施氮量的增加而增加,成熟期(花后35 d)籽粒清蛋白和醇溶蛋白在各施肥处理下差异均不显著,而球蛋白和谷蛋白则表现出不同的差异性,说明不同的施氮量对清蛋白和醇溶蛋白的影响较小,对球蛋白和谷蛋白的影响较大,但不改变各组分蛋白的比例;在N2(135 kg·hm^-2)-N3(180 kg·hm^-2)处理下,稻米的加工品质和食味品质表现良好,在N4(225 kg·hm^-2)处理时,稻米综合品质降低。综上,实现低谷蛋白水稻D105优质的适宜施氮范围为N2-N3,建立谷蛋白相对于总蛋白的比例与施氮量的线性方程y=6E-05x²-0.02x+39.672 (R²=0.999 1),计算得出最适宜施氮量为166.67 kg·hm^-2。

关键词: 施氮量, 低谷蛋白水稻, 蛋白组分, 加工品质

Abstract: To investigate the effect of nitrogen application amount on the functional component of low-gluten rice, D105 low-gluten rice was used as material and five nitrogen treatments were set under field cultivation conditions (0, 90, 135, 180, 225 kg·hm^-2), then the effect of different nitrogen levels on the dynamic changes of protein content, processing quality of the grain were investigated and the proportion changes of each component protein were analyzed. The result showed that the total protein content and each component protein content of D105 increased with the increase of nitrogen application amount during grain filling phase. During the maturity period (35 days after flowering), the difference between albumin and gliadin of rice grain was not significant in all fertilization treatments, while globulin and gluten showed different discrepancy, which indicated influence of different nitrogen application amount on albumin and gliadin were slight contrary with globulin and gluten. In addition, different nitrogen application did not change the proportion of component protein. The processing quality and taste quality of D105 low-gluten rice performed properly in the N2 (135 kg·hm^-2)-N3 (180 kg·hm^-2) treatment. When N4 (225 kg·hm^-2) was treated, the integrated quality of rice decreased. In summary, the optimal nitrogen application amount for D105 low-gluten protein was between N2 and N3, and the equation of ratio of gluten to total protein with nitrogen application amount were established. The linear equation: y=6E-05x²-0.02x+39.672 (R²=0.9991). The optimum nitrogen application amount, 166.67 kg·hm^-2, was calculated.

Key words: nitrogen application rate, low-gluten rice, protein components, processing quality

中图分类号:

S511.2⁺2

兰艳, 黄曌, 胡明明, 涂云彪, 孙影影, 隋晓东, 龚静, 李天. 施氮量对低谷蛋白水稻籽粒品质及蛋白质组分的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2019, 31(2): 182-190.

LAN Yan, HUANG Zhao, HU Mingming, TU Yunbiao, SUN Yingying, SUI Xiaodong, GONG Jing, LI Tian. Effects of nitrogen application rate on quality and protein components of low-gluten rice[J]. , 2019, 31(2): 182-190.

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施氮量对低谷蛋白水稻籽粒品质及蛋白质组分的影响

Effects of nitrogen application rate on quality and protein components of low-gluten rice

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