农产品质量安全消费者满意评价影响因素分析——来自浙江的调查

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2020.12.19

浙江农业学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (12): 2271-2281.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2020.12.19

农产品质量安全消费者满意评价影响因素分析——来自浙江的调查

柯福艳¹(), 徐知渊¹, 占金荣²

1.浙江省农业科学院农村发展研究所,浙江杭州 310021
2.浙江省农业农村厅,浙江杭州 310020

收稿日期:2020-05-21 出版日期:2020-12-25 发布日期:2020-12-25
作者简介:柯福艳(1976—),女,湖北随州人,博士,副研究员,研究方向为农业产业经济与山区绿色发展。E-mail: 1271365852@qq.com
基金资助:
浙江省农业农村厅国家级、省级农产品质量安全放心县第三方考评项目(CTZB-F190505LWZ-SNY1);浙江省科技厅软科学研究计划重点项目(2020C25036)

Influencing factors of consumer satisfaction evaluation on quality and safety of agricultural products: an illustration from Zhejiang Province

KE Fuyan¹(), XU Zhiyuan¹, ZHAN Jinrong²

1. Institute of Rural Development, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
2. Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310020, China

Received:2020-05-21 Online:2020-12-25 Published:2020-12-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以2008年三聚氰胺事件为起点,改善消费者满意评价成为政府农产品质量安全管理的重要目标之一。文章构建了农产品质量安全消费者满意评价指标,利用浙江2019年13县1 910份拦截式调查数据,通过两类4个计量模型对比分析了其主要影响因素。研究发现,浙江农产品质量安全消费者满意评价处在较高水平,县级属地管理履职效力在改善农产品质量安全消费者满意评价中起到了核心作用,消费者自身的农产品质量安全认知水平与知晓程度也对其满意评价产生正向影响;来自农贸市场的消费者满意评价要高于来自超市的消费者满意评价,在当地居住时间越长的消费者满意评价更高;年龄越高与受教育水平越高的消费者其满意评价则更加谨慎。因此,我国政府应抓住农产品质量安全舆情改善契机,深入推进农产品质量安全属地管理,提升消费者农产品质量安全认知水平,重点针对年长人群和外来人口在工作宣传方面发挥积极作用。

关键词: 农产品质量安全, 满意评价, 政府属地管理, 认知水平, 知晓程度

Abstract:

Since the melamine incident in 2008, improving consumer satisfaction evaluation has become one of the important objectives of government in the administration of quality and safety of agricultural products. This paper established consumer satisfaction evaluation indicators for agricultural products’ quality and safety. Based on 1 910 interception questionnaires in 13 counties in Zhejiang Province of 2019, the main influencing factors were analyzed and compared through four measurement models. The results showed that: the consumer satisfaction evaluation of quality and safety of agricultural products in Zhejiang Province was at a relatively high level, county-level territorial management effectiveness had played a central role in improving consumer satisfaction evaluation of quality and safety of agricultural products, consumers’ own cognitive level and awareness also had a positive impact on the evaluation. Consumer satisfaction ratings from farmers’ markets were higher than those from supermarkets, and the longer the residence time of consumers, the higher the satisfaction rating of consumers. Consumers with higher age and higher education level were more cautious about their satisfaction evaluation. Therefore, the Chinese government should seize the opportunity of improving public opinion and further promote the local management of quality and safety of agricultural products, improve the level of consumer awareness, and focus on strengthening publicity for the elderly and foreign population.

Key words: quality and safety of agricultural products, satisfaction evaluation, government territory management, cognitive level, awareness

中图分类号:

F327

柯福艳, 徐知渊, 占金荣. 农产品质量安全消费者满意评价影响因素分析——来自浙江的调查[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2020, 32(12): 2271-2281.

KE Fuyan, XU Zhiyuan, ZHAN Jinrong. Influencing factors of consumer satisfaction evaluation on quality and safety of agricultural products: an illustration from Zhejiang Province[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2020, 32(12): 2271-2281.

图/表 6

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序号 No.	具体指标 Indicator	正答样本数 Correct sample	错答样本数 Wrong sample	不清楚样本数 Not clear sample	正确回答率 Correct rate/%
1	X₂₁:农药残留合理范围的认知水平	781	1 061	68	40.9
	Cognitive level of a reasonable range of pesticide residues
2	X₂₂:畜禽产品强制上市条件的认知水平	1 680	187	43	88.0
	Cognitive level of compulsory listing conditions for livestock and poultry products
3	X₂₃:食品保鲜剂合理使用的认知水平	762	1 037	111	39.9
	Cognitive level of rational use of food preservation agents
4	X₂₄:农产品安全生长环境的认知水平	1 444	332	134	75.6
	cognitive level of security environment for the growth of agricultural products
5	X₂:农产品质量安全综合认知水平	4 667	2617	356	61.1
	Comprehensive cognitive level of agricultural products’ quality safety

序号 No.	具体指标 Indicator	正答样本数 Correct sample	错答样本数 Wrong sample	不清楚样本数 Not clear sample	正确回答率 Correct rate/%
1	X₂₁:农药残留合理范围的认知水平	781	1 061	68	40.9
	Cognitive level of a reasonable range of pesticide residues
2	X₂₂:畜禽产品强制上市条件的认知水平	1 680	187	43	88.0
	Cognitive level of compulsory listing conditions for livestock and poultry products
3	X₂₃:食品保鲜剂合理使用的认知水平	762	1 037	111	39.9
	Cognitive level of rational use of food preservation agents
4	X₂₄:农产品安全生长环境的认知水平	1 444	332	134	75.6
	cognitive level of security environment for the growth of agricultural products
5	X₂:农产品质量安全综合认知水平	4 667	2617	356	61.1
	Comprehensive cognitive level of agricultural products’ quality safety

序号 No.	具体指标 Indicator	知晓标准 Awareness standard	样本数 Sample	知晓率/%
1	X₃₁:属地产品“三品一标”知晓情况 Awareness of the “Three Products and One Standard” of territorial products	至少知道2种 At least 2 kinds	1 397	73.1
2	X₃₂:农产品质量安全检测结果知晓情况 Awareness of agricultural products’ quality and safety inspection results	看到过+听说过 Seen or heard of	1 728	90.5
3	X₃₃:快速检测室知晓情况 Awareness of the rapid testing room	检测过+看到过+听说过 Detected, seen or heard of	1 714	89.7
4	X₃₄:创建农产品质量安全放心县知晓情况 Awareness of constructing “Agricultural products’ quality and safety reliable county”	知道 Already known	1 725	90.3
5	X₃: 质量安全工作平均知晓程度 Average awareness of related work of agricultural products’ quality and safety	以上情况的综合 Total	6 564	85.9

序号 No.	具体指标 Indicator	知晓标准 Awareness standard	样本数 Sample	知晓率/%
1	X₃₁:属地产品“三品一标”知晓情况 Awareness of the “Three Products and One Standard” of territorial products	至少知道2种 At least 2 kinds	1 397	73.1
2	X₃₂:农产品质量安全检测结果知晓情况 Awareness of agricultural products’ quality and safety inspection results	看到过+听说过 Seen or heard of	1 728	90.5
3	X₃₃:快速检测室知晓情况 Awareness of the rapid testing room	检测过+看到过+听说过 Detected, seen or heard of	1 714	89.7
4	X₃₄:创建农产品质量安全放心县知晓情况 Awareness of constructing “Agricultural products’ quality and safety reliable county”	知道 Already known	1 725	90.3
5	X₃: 质量安全工作平均知晓程度 Average awareness of related work of agricultural products’ quality and safety	以上情况的综合 Total	6 564	85.9

序号 No.	具体指标 Indicator	特征值 Eigenvalues
1	X₄₁:性别(样本数、%) Gender (sample, %)	男 Male:882(46.2%)		女 Female:1028(53.8%)
2	X₄₂:年龄Age	平均Average	47.2	最大Maximum	85	最小Minimum	15
3	X₄₃:文化程度 Education	平均 Average	初中Junior high school	最高 Highest	硕士 Master	最低 lowest	没上过学 None
4	X₄₄:个人年收入(万元) Personal annual income (10 000 yuan)	平均 Average	5.42	最高 Highest	50	最低 lowest	0
5	X₄₅:家庭年收入(万元) Annual family income (10 000 yuan)	平均 Average	13.28	最高 Highest	100	最低 lowest	1
6	X₄₆:买菜频率(样本占比) Grocery shopping frequency (percent of the sample)	经常买 Often	1 027 (53.8%)	偶尔买 Occasionally	383 (20.1%)	从不买 Never	51 (2.67%)
7	X₄₇:在当地居住时间(样本占比) Local residence time (percent of the sample)	≥5年 ≥5 years	1 313 (68.7%)	1-5年 1-5 years	121 (6.33%)	≤1年 ≤1 year	28 (1.47%)
8	X₄₈:家庭人口数 Family population	平均 Average	3.71	最多 Maximum	8	最少 Minimum	1
9	X₄₉:家庭儿童数 Number of children in the family	平均 Average	0.64	最多 Maximum	4	最少 Minimum	0

农产品质量安全消费者满意评价影响因素分析——来自浙江的调查

Influencing factors of consumer satisfaction evaluation on quality and safety of agricultural products: an illustration from Zhejiang Province

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变量	X₁	X₂	X₃	X₄₁	X₄₂	X₄₃	X₄₄	X₄₅	X₄₆	X₄₇	X₄₈	X₄₉
Variable
X₂	0.21^*** (-9.3)
X₃	0.33^*** (-15.3)	0.20^*** (-8.99)
X₄₁	0.04^** (-1.79)	0.11^*** (-4.87)	0 (-0.85)
X₄₂	-0.02 (-0.79)	-0.11^*** (-4.99)	0.04^* (-0.71)	-0.04^* (-1.83)
X₄₃	0.06^*** (-2.67)	0.20^*** (-9.05)	0.09^*** (-3.75)	0.14^*** (6.24)	-0.46^*** (-22.42)
X₄₄	0.10^*** (-4.52)	0.15^*** (-6.84)	0.07^*** (-3.08)	0.34^*** (15.96)	-0.22^*** (-10.06)	0.38^*** (-18.12)
X₄₅	0.05^** (-2.08)	0. 08^*** (-3.29)	-0.02 (-0.90)	0.42^*** (20.29)	-0.16^*** (-6.87)	0.17^*** (7.33)	0.71^*** (-44.39)
X₄₆	0.01 (-0.34)	-0.12^*** (-5.34)	0.02 (-1.07)	-0.09^*** (-3.93)	0.39^*** (18.67)	-0.30^*** (-13.98)	-0.13^*** (-5.77)	-0.06^*** (-2.83)
X₄₇	0.06^*** (-2.72)	0.01 (-0.32)	0.16^*** (7.27)	-0.02 (-1.01)	0.24^*** (11.15)	-0.05^** (-2.27)	-0.04^* (-1.69)	-0.06^** (-2.46)	0.14^*** (-6.09)
X₄₈	0.02 (-0.74)	-0.03 (-1.19)	-0.01 (-0.51)	0.01 (-0.63)	-0.04^* (-1.78)	-0.05^** (-2.08)	0 (-0.06)	0.14^*** (-5.95)	0 (-0.20)	0.05^** (-2.02)
X₄₉	0 (-0.19)	-0.01 (-0.63)	-0.03 (-1.47)	-0.03 (-1.21)	-0.19^*** (-8.58)	0.06^** (2.56)	0.08^*** (3.52)	0.11^*** (-4.61)	-0.03 (-1.17)	-0.02 (-0.75)	0.54^*** (27.68)
X₅₁	-0.10^*** (-4.46)	0.05^** (-2.33)	-0.03 (-1.46)	-0.04 (-1.58)	-0.18^*** (-8.11)	0.08^*** (3.67)	-0.06^*** (-2.65)	-0.08^*** (-3.54)	-0.12^*** (-5.31)	-0.11^*** (-4.81)	-0.04 (-1.55)	0.05^** (-1.97)

影响因素 Factors	A静态评价模型(因变量Y₁) Tatic evaluation model (dependent variable Y₁)		B动态评价模型(因变量Y₂) Dynamic evaluation model (dependent variable Y₂)
影响因素 Factors	线性模型Linear model	Logit模型Logit model	线性模型Linear model	Logit模型Logit model
X₁	0.55^*** (22.38)	1.90^*** (16.89)	0.66^*** (24.28)	2.75^*** (21.24)
X₂	0.13^*** (2.88)	0.38^* (1.79)	0.23^*** (4.71)	1.13^*** (4.64)
X₃	0.50^*** (8.96)	1.23^*** (4.31)	0.64^*** (10.42)	2.17^*** (7.14)
X₄₂	-0.02^* (-1.88)	-0.08 (-1.55)	-0.01 (-1.23)	-0.19^*** (-3.76)
X₄₃	-0.04^** (-2.58)	-0.16^** (-2.44)	—	—
X₄₄	0.01^** (2.37)	0.08^*** (2.64)	—	—
X₄₇	0.09^*** (2.85)	0.35^** (2.27)	0.11^*** (3.10)	0.52^*** (2.99)
X₄₉	0.03^* (1.87)	0.22^*** (2.90)	—	—
X₅₁	-0.03 (-1.42)	-0.38^*** (-3.48)	-0.04 (-1.39)	-0.21^* (-1.65)
C	3.56^*** (33.47)	-2.95^*** (-5.50)	3.22^*** (30.02)	-4.10^*** (-7.36)
	R²=0.33,Ad-R²=0.33, P<0.01, DW=1.86	McF-R²=0.19,P<0.01	R²=0.38,Ad-R²=0.38, P<0.01,DW=1.91	McF-R²=0.35,P<0.01