基于堆积试验的黑水虻离散元仿真参数标定与分析

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2022.04.18

浙江农业学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (4): 814-823.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2022.04.18

基于堆积试验的黑水虻离散元仿真参数标定与分析

彭才望(), 周婷, 孙松林(), 谢烨林, 魏源

湖南农业大学机电工程学院,湖南长沙 410128

收稿日期:2020-10-23 出版日期:2022-04-25 发布日期:2022-04-28
通讯作者: 孙松林
作者简介:*孙松林,E-mail: hnndssl@163.com
彭才望(1988—),男,湖南衡山人,博士,讲师,主要从事农业与畜牧业机械化设备研究与设计。E-mail: hnndpcw@163.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0501209);湖南农业大学“双一流”建设项目(SYL201802015)

Calibration of parameters of black soldier fly in discrete method simulation based on response angle of particle heap

PENG Caiwang(), ZHOU Ting, SUN Songlin(), XIE Yelin, WEI Yuan

College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China

Received:2020-10-23 Online:2022-04-25 Published:2022-04-28
Contact: SUN Songlin

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为解决黑水虻在畜禽粪便处理后续分离环节中应用筛分机械作业难、缺乏准确离散元仿真模型等问题,以黑水虻为研究对象,基于EDEM仿真软件模拟,选取系统中“Hertz-Mindlin with JKR”接触模型,以堆积角为评价指标,对黑水虻离散元仿真模型参数标定进行研究。首先,通过Plackett-Burman试验筛选对黑水虻堆积有显著影响的3个参数项(黑水虻剪切模量、黑水虻间静摩擦系数、黑水虻间滚动摩擦系数);然后,结合抽板法堆积物理试验,利用最陡爬坡试验确定显著性参数的最优区域;最后,进一步以堆积角为响应值,基于二次回归正交旋转组合试验得到堆积角与显著性参数的二阶回归模型,并以实际堆积角为目标,针对显著性参数进行寻优,确定EDEM仿真试验中黑水虻的最佳接触参数,得到最佳组合:黑水虻剪切模量8.67 MPa、黑水虻间静摩擦系数0.43、黑水虻间滚动摩擦系数0.32。运用最佳参数组合进行仿真分析,得到堆积角的均值为35.84°,与物理试验测得堆积角34.66°的相对误差为3.40%。研究结果表明,使用该方法对黑水虻离散元仿真参数的标定具有可行性,为基于EDEM软件设计与研究黑水虻筛分机械提供有效物料特性数据基础。

关键词: 黑水虻, 堆积角, 参数标定, 响应曲面, 离散元

Abstract:

Black soldier fly plays an important role in reducing the cost of livestock and poultry manure discharge and farm pollution. However, black soldier fly separation was a difficult procedure for the follow-up comprehensive utilization of livestock manure. The parameters of discrete element model for black soldier fly was important for black soldier fly separation based on EDEM simulation software. A method was proposed to calibrate the parameters of discrete element model for black soldier fly based on tests of the angle of repose. Firstly, the “Hertz-Mindlin with JKR” contact model in the system was selected and the angle of repose was taken as the evaluation index to calibrate the parameters for the discrete element simulation model of the black soldier fly. Secondly, it was found that not all discrete element model parameters of black soldier fly had significant impact on the angle of repose, only three parameters (shear modulus, static friction coefficient and rolling friction coefficient of the black soldier fly) that had significant influence on the accumulation of the black soldier fly were selected by Plackett-Burman design test. Then, the best range of three significant influencing factors was determined by the steepest climbing test, the other seven factors in this test were the intermediate values of the initial range, and the three significant parameters gradually were increased and decreased until the relative error between the simulated value and the physical test value reached the minimum. Finally, the accumulation angle of black soldier fly was taken as the response value, quadratic regression orthogonal rotation combination test was used, and the repose angle regression model was obtained. The regression model was optimized, and the optimal values of three significant factors were obtained: black soldier fly shear modulus was 8.67 MPa, static friction coefficient was 0.43, rolling friction coefficient was 0.32. By using the optimal parameter combination for simulation analysis, the mean value of the accumulation angle was 35.84°, the physical test was 34.66°, the relative error between them was 3.40%. The results showed that this method was feasible for the calibration of discrete element simulation parameters of the black soldier fly, which provided a basis for material characteristics data for the design and research of screening machinery of the black soldier fly based on EDEM software.

Key words: black soldier fly, accumulation angle, parameter calibration, response surface methodology, discrete element

中图分类号:

彭才望, 周婷, 孙松林, 谢烨林, 魏源. 基于堆积试验的黑水虻离散元仿真参数标定与分析[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2022, 34(4): 814-823.

PENG Caiwang, ZHOU Ting, SUN Songlin, XIE Yelin, WEI Yuan. Calibration of parameters of black soldier fly in discrete method simulation based on response angle of particle heap[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2022, 34(4): 814-823.

图/表 15

图1 黑水虻幼虫

Fig.1 Black soldier fly larva

图2 箱体抽板法试验 1,底板;2,黑水虻幼虫;3,挡板;4,箱体;5,底座板。

Fig.2 Test of box side plate lifting method 1, Bottom plate; 2, Black soldier fly larva; 3, Baffle; 4, Box; 5, Base plate.

图3 颗粒接触形式

Fig.3 Form of particle contact

图4 颗粒接触模型简化

Fig.4 Model of particle contact

图5 黑水虻仿真模型

Fig.5 Simulation model of black soldier fly

表1 仿真参数设置

Table 1 Setting of simulation parameters

参数Parameters	数值Values
黑水虻泊松比 X₁ Poisson’s ratio of black soldier fly	0.20~0.40^a
黑水虻密度X₂ Density of black soldier fly/(kg·m^-3)	320~380^a
黑水虻剪切模量 X₃ Shear modulus of black soldier fly/MPa	8~14^a
不锈钢泊松比 Poisson’s ratio of steel	0.30^b
不锈钢密度 Density of steel/(kg·m^-3)	7860^b
不锈钢剪切模量 Shear modulus of steel/Pa	7.90×10^10b
黑水虻间碰撞恢复系数 X₄ Black soldier fly restitution coefficient	0.10~0.30^a
黑水虻间静摩擦系数 X₅ Black soldier fly static friction coefficient	0.40~0.60^a
黑水虻间滚动摩擦系数 X₆ Black soldier fly rolling friction coefficient	0.30~0.50^a
黑水虻-不锈钢碰撞恢复系数 X₇ Black soldier fly-steel restitution coefficient	0.20~0.40^a
黑水虻-不锈钢静摩擦系数 X₈ Black soldier fly-steel static friction coefficient	0.50~0.70^a
黑水虻-不锈钢滚动摩擦系数 X₉ Black soldier fly-steel rolling friction coefficient	0.35~0.55^a
黑水虻表面能 X₁₀ Black soldier fly surface energy/(J·m^-2)	0.05~0.65^a

图6 箱体抽板法堆积角仿真 1,底板;2,黑水虻;3,挡板;4,箱体。

Fig.6 Simulation of box side plate lifting method 1, Bottom plate; 2, Black soldier fly larva; 3, Baffle; 4, Box.

表2 试验设计及结果

Table 2 Design and results of Plackett-Burman test

序号 No.	参数Parameters											堆积角 Repose angle/(°)
序号 No.	X₁	X₂	X₃	X₄	X₅	X₆	X₇	X₈	X₉	X₁₀	X₁₁	堆积角 Repose angle/(°)
1	1	1	-1	1	1	1	-1	-1	-1	1	-1	45.25
2	-1	1	1	-1	1	1	1	-1	-1	-1	1	54.02
3	1	-1	1	1	-1	1	1	1	-1	-1	-1	43.02
4	-1	1	-1	1	1	-1	1	1	1	-1	-1	45.41
5	-1	-1	1	-1	1	1	-1	1	1	1	-1	53.65
6	-1	-1	-1	1	-1	1	1	-1	1	1	1	37.70
7	1	-1	-1	-1	1	-1	1	1	-1	1	1	40.74
8	1	1	-1	-1	-1	1	-1	1	1	-1	1	38.54
9	1	1	1	-1	-1	-1	1	-1	1	1	-1	39.48
10	-1	1	1	1	-1	-1	-1	1	-1	1	1	38.89
11	1	-1	1	1	1	-1	-1	-1	1	-1	1	39.94
12	-1	-1	-1	-1	-1	-1	-1	-1	-1	-1	-1	38.19
13	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	43.58
14	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	43.02
15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	43.15

表3 试验结果方差分析

Table 3 Variance analysis of Plackett-Burman test results

参数 Parameters	标准化效应 Stdized effects	均方和 Sum of mean squares	贡献度/% Contribution degree	P值 P value
X₁	-3.48	36.37	10.08	0.052 9
X₂	1.39	5.81	1.61	0.337 8
X₃	3.86	44.74	12.39	0.039 2
X₄	-2.40	17.30	4.79	0.133 7
X₅	7.20	155.45	43.07	0.004 9
X₆	4.92	72.67	20.13	0.018 3
X₇	0.98	2.91	0.81	0.484 3
X₈	0.94	2.68	0.74	0.501 1
X₉	-0.90	2.42	0.67	0.521 3
X₁₀	-0.57	0.97	0.27	0.679 8

表4 最陡爬坡试验设计及结果

Table 4 Design and results of steepest climbing test

序号 No.	参数 Parameters			堆积角 Repose angle/(°)	相对误差 Relative error/%
序号 No.	X₃/MPa	X₅	X₆	堆积角 Repose angle/(°)	相对误差 Relative error/%
1	7.0	0.35	0.25	31.73	8.4
2	8.5	0.40	0.30	34.54	0.3
3	10	0.45	0.35	37.44	8.0
4	11.5	0.50	0.40	40.06	15.6
5	13.0	0.55	0.45	43.46	25.4
6	14.5	0.60	0.50	45.47	31.2

表5 仿真因素试验编码

Table 5 Experiment factors and codes

水平 Level	因素Factor
水平 Level	X₃/MPa	X₅	X₆
-1.682	6.0	0.32	0.22
-1	7.0	0.35	0.25
0	8.5	0.40	0.30
1	10.0	0.45	0.35
1.682	11.0	0.48	0.38

表6 试验方案与结果

Table 6 Experiment scheme and results

序号 No.	x₃	x₅	x₆	堆积角 Repose angle/(°)
1	-1	-1	-1	31.56
2	1	-1	-1	32.27
3	-1	1	-1	35.55
4	1	1	-1	35.13
5	-1	-1	1	31.40
6	1	-1	1	33.91
7	-1	1	1	36.25
8	1	1	1	37.50
9	-1.682	0	0	33.38
10	1.682	0	0	34.95
11	0	-1.682	0	30.45
12	0	1.682	0	36.95
13	0	0	-1.682	34.27
14	0	0	1.682	35.05
15	0	0	0	33.84
16	0	0	0	33.11
17	0	0	0	33.52
18	0	0	0	32.83
19	0	0	0	32.34
20	0	0	0	32.63

表7 回归方程方差分析

Table 7 Variance analysis of regression equation

方差来源 Soruce of variation	平方和 Sum of square	自由度 Degree of freedom	均方 Mean square	P值 P value
模型Model	65.07	9	7.23	<0.000 1
x₃	3.28	1	3.28	0.002 2
x₅	50.35	1	50.35	<0.000 1
x₆	2.52	1	2.52	0.005 1
x₃x₅	0.71	1	0.71	0.086 0
x₃x₆	1.51	1	1.51	0.020 0
x₅x₆	0.32	1	0.32	0.233 9
$x 32$	2.15	1	2.15	0.008 0
$x 52$	0.71	1	0.71	0.087 2
$x 62$	4.54	1	4.54	0.000 7
残差Residual	1.97	10	0.20
失拟Lack of fit	0.39	5	0.078	0.923 7
纯误差Pure error	1.58	5	0.32
总和Sum	67.04	19

表7 回归方程方差分析

Table 7 Variance analysis of regression equation

方差来源 Soruce of variation	平方和 Sum of square	自由度 Degree of freedom	均方 Mean square	P值 P value
模型Model	65.07	9	7.23	<0.000 1
x₃	3.28	1	3.28	0.002 2
x₅	50.35	1	50.35	<0.000 1
x₆	2.52	1	2.52	0.005 1
x₃x₅	0.71	1	0.71	0.086 0
x₃x₆	1.51	1	1.51	0.020 0
x₅x₆	0.32	1	0.32	0.233 9
$x 32$	2.15	1	2.15	0.008 0
$x 52$	0.71	1	0.71	0.087 2
$x 62$	4.54	1	4.54	0.000 7
残差Residual	1.97	10	0.20
失拟Lack of fit	0.39	5	0.078	0.923 7
纯误差Pure error	1.58	5	0.32
总和Sum	67.04	19

图7 黑水虻剪切模量与黑水虻间滚动摩擦系数交互作用

Fig.7 The interaction between the shear modulus of black soldier fly and the rolling friction coefficient of black soldier fly

图8 仿真试验与物理试验对比

Fig.8 Comparison of simulation and physical tests

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基于堆积试验的黑水虻离散元仿真参数标定与分析

Calibration of parameters of black soldier fly in discrete method simulation based on response angle of particle heap

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