砂滤模式下马口鱼消化道细菌的组成、分类与相关性

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20221283

浙江农业学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (10): 2286-2298.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20221283

砂滤模式下马口鱼消化道细菌的组成、分类与相关性

韩明明¹(), 詹炜¹, 黄福勇¹, 李方兴², 楼宝¹^,^*()

1.浙江省农业科学院水生生物研究所,浙江杭州 310021
2.武义县心怡锦鲤家庭农场, 浙江武义 321200

收稿日期:2022-09-01 出版日期:2023-10-25 发布日期:2023-10-31
作者简介:韩明明(1984—),女,山东日照人,博士,助理研究员,主要从事鱼类养殖与微生物应用研究。E-mail:sealion1984@126.com
通讯作者: ^*楼宝,E-mail:loubao6577@163.com
基金资助:
浙江省重点研发计划(2020C02014);浙江省重点研发计划(2021C02048)

Composition, classification and correlation analysis of bacteria in digestive tract of Opsariichthys bidens under sand filter mode

HAN Mingming¹(), ZHAN Wei¹, HUANG Fuyong¹, LI Fangxing², LOU Bao¹^,^*()

1. Institude of Hydrobiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
2. Wuyi Xinyi Koi Family Farm, Wuyi 321200, Zhejiang, China

Received:2022-09-01 Online:2023-10-25 Published:2023-10-31

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

马口鱼(Opsariichthys bidens)在我国各大淡水流域分布广泛,是重要的溪流性鱼类,具有重要经济地位。微生物与鱼类的生长和健康状态密切相关。为实现马口鱼的高效健康养殖,本研究从消化道微生物着手,对其消化道菌群总DNA的V3~V4区进行了PCR扩增和建库分析,就其主要微生物组成、分类和相关性等开展分析。结果显示,马口鱼消化道微生物中,芽孢杆菌门(Bacillota)占79.32%,拟杆菌门(Bacteroidota)占4.75%,梭杆菌门(Fusobacteriota)占2.55%,变形菌门(Proteobacteria)占1.69%。在属水平上,支原体属(Mycoplasma)的相对丰度最高,为77.50%,与黄杆菌属(Flavobacterium)和Haliangium的相对丰度表现出显著(P<0.05)负相关。从饲料、养殖水体和滤砂的微生物组成及其相对丰度判断,饲料是马口鱼消化道微生物的主要来源,其次是养殖水体和滤砂,滤砂对水体起到了一定的过滤作用,可基本满足该系统下马口鱼健康养殖的需要。

关键词: 马口鱼, 消化道微生物, 优势菌, 砂滤系统

Abstract:

Being an important stream fish, Opsariichthys bidens is widely distributed in all freshwater basins in China and occupies an important economic position.Microorganisms are closely related to the growth and health of fish. In order to improve the efficient and healthy aquaculture of O. bidens, the PCR amplification of the V3-V4 region of the total DNA in the digestive tract of O. bidens was performed to determine the composition, classification and correlations of the dominant bacteria. The results showed that among the dominant bacteria in the digestive tract of O. bidens, Bacillota, Bacteroidota, Fusobacteriota, Proteobacteria accounted for 79.32%, 4.75%, 2.55%, 1.69%, respectively. At the genus level, the relative abundance of Mycoplasma was the highest, which accounted for 77.50% of the total bacterial genera. The relative abundance of Mycoplasma was significantly (P<0.05) negatively correlated with Flavobacterium and Haliangium. Juged by the abunce of dominant bacteria in feed, aquaculture water and the surface of fliter sand, the main source of bacteria in the digestive tract was feed, which was followed by aquaculture water and filter sand. The sand filter played a certain role in filtering water, which basically met the requirements of healthy aquaculture of O. bidens in this system.

Key words: Opsariichthys bidens, microorganisms in digestive tract, dominant bacteria, sand filter system

中图分类号:

S917.1

韩明明, 詹炜, 黄福勇, 李方兴, 楼宝. 砂滤模式下马口鱼消化道细菌的组成、分类与相关性[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2023, 35(10): 2286-2298.

HAN Mingming, ZHAN Wei, HUANG Fuyong, LI Fangxing, LOU Bao. Composition, classification and correlation analysis of bacteria in digestive tract of Opsariichthys bidens under sand filter mode[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2023, 35(10): 2286-2298.

图/表 7

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属名 Genus	消化道中的相对丰度 Relative abundance in digestive tract	饲料中的相对丰度 Relative abundance in feed	水体中的相对丰度 Relative abundance in water	滤砂表面的相对丰度 Relative abundance on surface of filter sand
支原体属Mycoplasma	77.50	0.07	0.23	0.08
鲸杆菌属Cetobacterium	2.47	0	1.69	0.13
Muribaculaceae	1.97	7.95	1.50	1.08
普雷沃氏菌属Prevotella	1.35	14.15	1.00	0.56
拟杆菌属Bacteroides	1.10	2.95	0.59	1.44
奈瑟菌属Neisseria	0.89	10.39	1.22	0.29
链球菌属Streptococcus	0.64	7.07	0.57	0.14
乳杆菌属Lactobacillus	0.46	1.41	0.35	0.12
拟普雷沃菌属Alloprevotella	0.31	2.20	0.08	0.08
毛螺菌科NK4A136组	0.30	0.59	0.55	0.16
Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group
鞘氨醇单胞菌属Sphingomonas	0.30	0.70	0.16	0.29
粪杆菌属Faecalibacterium	0.29	1.07	0.62	0.08
埃希氏-志贺氏菌属Escherichia-Shigella	0.24	1.05	0.09	0.25
嗜血杆菌属Haemophilus	0.14	4.03	0.05	0.23
严格梭菌属Clostridium sensu_stricto_1	0.13	1.55	0.03	0.06
密螺旋体属Treponema	0.13	1.35	0.02	0.04
梭杆菌属Fusobacterium	0.08	2.89	0.05	0.09
硝化螺旋菌属Nitrospira	0.07	0.33	7.10	1.04
劳特普雷氏菌属Lautropia	0.07	1.10	0.05	0.17
Haliangium	0.04	0.13	0.97	1.62
放线菌属Actinomyces	0.03	1.54	0	0.01
新鞘氨醇菌属Novosphingobium	0.03	0.03	2.20	2.56
黄杆菌属Flavobacterium	0.02	1.03	2.55	2.00
红杆菌属Rhodobacter	0.01	0.02	3.27	1.29
SWB02	0.01	0.02	2.80	0.77

属名 Genus	消化道中的相对丰度 Relative abundance in digestive tract	饲料中的相对丰度 Relative abundance in feed	水体中的相对丰度 Relative abundance in water	滤砂表面的相对丰度 Relative abundance on surface of filter sand
支原体属Mycoplasma	77.50	0.07	0.23	0.08
鲸杆菌属Cetobacterium	2.47	0	1.69	0.13
Muribaculaceae	1.97	7.95	1.50	1.08
普雷沃氏菌属Prevotella	1.35	14.15	1.00	0.56
拟杆菌属Bacteroides	1.10	2.95	0.59	1.44
奈瑟菌属Neisseria	0.89	10.39	1.22	0.29
链球菌属Streptococcus	0.64	7.07	0.57	0.14
乳杆菌属Lactobacillus	0.46	1.41	0.35	0.12
拟普雷沃菌属Alloprevotella	0.31	2.20	0.08	0.08
毛螺菌科NK4A136组	0.30	0.59	0.55	0.16
Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group
鞘氨醇单胞菌属Sphingomonas	0.30	0.70	0.16	0.29
粪杆菌属Faecalibacterium	0.29	1.07	0.62	0.08
埃希氏-志贺氏菌属Escherichia-Shigella	0.24	1.05	0.09	0.25
嗜血杆菌属Haemophilus	0.14	4.03	0.05	0.23
严格梭菌属Clostridium sensu_stricto_1	0.13	1.55	0.03	0.06
密螺旋体属Treponema	0.13	1.35	0.02	0.04
梭杆菌属Fusobacterium	0.08	2.89	0.05	0.09
硝化螺旋菌属Nitrospira	0.07	0.33	7.10	1.04
劳特普雷氏菌属Lautropia	0.07	1.10	0.05	0.17
Haliangium	0.04	0.13	0.97	1.62
放线菌属Actinomyces	0.03	1.54	0	0.01
新鞘氨醇菌属Novosphingobium	0.03	0.03	2.20	2.56
黄杆菌属Flavobacterium	0.02	1.03	2.55	2.00
红杆菌属Rhodobacter	0.01	0.02	3.27	1.29
SWB02	0.01	0.02	2.80	0.77

砂滤模式下马口鱼消化道细菌的组成、分类与相关性

Composition, classification and correlation analysis of bacteria in digestive tract of Opsariichthys bidens under sand filter mode

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