基于线粒体Cyt b基因序列的浙江省3个马口鱼群体遗传多样性分析

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2023.02.06

浙江农业学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (2): 293-300.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2023.02.06

基于线粒体Cyt b基因序列的浙江省3个马口鱼群体遗传多样性分析

刘士力¹^,²(), 练青平¹^,², 贾永义¹, 迟美丽¹, 李飞¹, 姜建湖¹, 刘一诺¹, 郑建波¹, 程顺¹, 顾志敏¹^,^*()

1. 浙江省淡水水产研究所农业农村部淡水渔业健康养殖重点实验室/浙江省淡水水产遗传育种重点实验室,浙江湖州 313001
2. 上海海洋大学农业农村部淡水水产种质资源重点实验室,上海 201306

收稿日期:2021-11-05 出版日期:2023-02-25 发布日期:2023-03-14
通讯作者: 顾志敏
作者简介:*顾志敏,E-mail: guzhimin2006@163.com
刘士力(1985—),男,湖北洪湖人,博士,助理研究员,研究方向为水生动物遗传育种。E-mail:liushili1212@126.com
基金资助:
浙江省重点研发计划(2019C02049)

Genetic diversity analysis of three Opsariichthys bidens populations in Zhejiang Province based on mitochondrial Cyt b gene sequences

LIU Shili¹^,²(), LIAN Qingping¹^,², JIA Yongyi¹, CHI Meili¹, LI Fei¹, JIANG Jianhu¹, LIU Yinuo¹, ZHENG Jianbo¹, CHENG Shun¹, GU Zhimin¹^,^*()

1. Key Laboratory of Healthy Freshwater Aquaculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs / Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Animal Genetic and Breeding of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Institute of Freshwater Fisheries, Huzhou 313001, Zhejiang, China
2. Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China

Received:2021-11-05 Online:2023-02-25 Published:2023-03-14
Contact: GU Zhimin

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为进一步了解浙江省马口鱼的种质资源现状和人工繁殖对群体遗传多样性的影响,通过对瓯江(OJ)和钱塘江(QT)的野生群体以及八里店(BL)养殖群体的线粒体Cyt b基因进行扩增和测定,获得了编码Cyt b基因的1 140 bp序列与GenBank中已有的236个个体的序列进行综合分析,共检测出288个变异位点,界定了136种单倍型,其中瓯江、钱塘江和八里店群体单倍型数目分别为1、10和6。钱塘江群体的单倍型多样性和核苷酸多样性分别为0.716和0.016 16,八里店群体分别为0.607和0.012 05。分子方差分析(AMOVA)显示,遗传变异主要来源于群体间(55.06%),少数来自群体内(44.94%),群体间遗传分化均达到显著水平(P<0.05)。八里店群体亲本源于钱塘江,但经过数代人工繁殖后其遗传多样性有所降低。基于邻接法构建的系统发育树显示,钱塘江群体可以分为3支,1支与长江水系湖南采集的单倍型聚为一支,63.64%的钱塘江个体属于这一支;1支与珠江水系广西采集的单倍型聚为一支,9.38%的个体属于这一支,剩下的样本和浙江瓯江采集的样本聚为一支。这说明钱塘江群体的祖先来源有一定的复杂性。本研究结果可为马口鱼种质资源的保护和利用提供数据支持。

关键词: 马口鱼, Cyt b基因, 遗传多样性

Abstract:

To further understand the status of germplasm resources and impact of artificial reproduction on population genetic structure of Opsariichthys bidens in Zhejiang Province, the mitochondrial Cyt b gene of Qiantang River (QT), Oujiang (OJ), and a cultured population from Balidian (BL) were amplified and determined. The 1 140 bp Cyt b gene sequence was obtained, and analyzed with the sequences of 236 individuals in GenBank. In these sequences, 288 variation sites were detected and 136 haplotypes were defined. The haplotype numbers of OJ, QT and BL populations were 1, 10 and 6, respectively. The haplotype diversity and nucleotide diversity of QT population were 0.716 and 0.016 16 respectively, while that of BL population were 0.607 and 0.012 05. The molecular variance analysis (AMOVA) showed that the genetic differences in Opsariichthys bidens were primarily derived from inter populations (55.06%) and minority from intra populations (44.94%), there was significant genetic differentiation among these populations (P<0.05). The stock of BL population came from QT, but its genetic diversity decreased after several generations of artificial reproduction. Phylogenetic tree constructed by the neighbor-joining method demonstrated that QT population could be divided into three branches: one branch was clustered with the haplotypes collected from Hunan of the Yangtze River system, and 63.64% of QT individuals belonged to this branch; the second branch was clustered with the haplotypes collected from Guangxi of the Pearl River System, 9.38% of the individuals belonged to this branch, and the remaining samples of QT and all the samples collected from OJ of Zhejiang were clustered into the third branch. This indicates that the ancestral origin of QT population is complex. This study provides reference for the protection and utilization of its germplasm resources.

Key words: Opsariichthys bidens, Cyt b, genetic diversity

中图分类号:

S965

刘士力, 练青平, 贾永义, 迟美丽, 李飞, 姜建湖, 刘一诺, 郑建波, 程顺, 顾志敏. 基于线粒体Cyt b基因序列的浙江省3个马口鱼群体遗传多样性分析[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2023, 35(2): 293-300.

LIU Shili, LIAN Qingping, JIA Yongyi, CHI Meili, LI Fei, JIANG Jianhu, LIU Yinuo, ZHENG Jianbo, CHENG Shun, GU Zhimin. Genetic diversity analysis of three Opsariichthys bidens populations in Zhejiang Province based on mitochondrial Cyt b gene sequences[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2023, 35(2): 293-300.

图/表 7

表1 马口鱼3个群体Cyt b基因序列的碱基组成

Table 1 Nucleotide compositions of sequence of Cyt b in three populations of O. bidens%

群体 Population	碱基Base
群体 Population	A	G	T	C	A+T	C+G
瓯江Oujiang	24.3	16.7	29.5	29.6	53.8	46.3
钱塘江Qiantang River	24.2	16.7	29.4	29.7	53.6	46.4
八里店Balidian	24.4	16.6	29.6	29.5	54.0	46.1

表2 马口鱼3个群体Cyt b基因序列的单倍型分布情况

Table 2 Distribution of haplotypes in Cyt b sequences in three populations of O. bidens

单倍型 Haplotype	瓯江 Oujiang	钱塘江 Qiantang River	八里店 Balidian	总计 Total
Hap1	33	0	0	33
Hap2	0	17	1	18
Hap3	0	5	19	24
Hap4	0	1	0	1
Hap5	0	1	0	1
Hap6	0	3	0	3
Hap7	0	2	0	2
Hap8	0	1	0	1
Hap9	0	1	0	1
Hap10	0	1	0	1
Hap11	0	1	3	4
Hap12	0	0	7	7
Hap13	0	0	1	1
Hap14	0	0	1	1

图1 基于马口鱼Cyt b单倍型构建的NJ系统进化树 OJ, 瓯江; QT, 钱塘江; BL, 八里店; LS, 澧水; YJ, 沅江; ZS, 资水; LJ, 漓江; LIU, 柳江; MJ, 闽江; HH, 淮河; LC, 澜沧江;NP, 南盘江; YE, 黄河。

Fig.1 NJ molecular dendrogram based on Cyt b haplotype of O. bidens OJ, Oujiang; QT, Qiantang River; BL, Balidian; LS, Lishui River; YJ, Yuanjiang River; ZS, Zishui River; LJ, Lijiang River; LIU, Liujiang River; MJ, Minjiang River; HH, Huaihe River; LC, Lancang River; NP, Nanpan River; YE, Yellow River.

表3 马口鱼群体Cyt b基因序列的遗传多样性参数

Table 3 Genetic diversity parameters of Cyt b gene fragments in O. bidens

群体 Population	样本数/个 Sample size	变异位点/个 Variable sites	单倍型数/个 Number of haplotypes	单倍型多样性 Haplotype diversity (h)	核苷酸多样性 Nucleotide diversity (π)	Tajima’s D	P	Fu’s Fs	P
瓯江Oujiang	33	0	1	0	0	0	1.000	0	N.A.
钱塘江	33	52	10	0.716	0.016 16	1.610 20	0.925	9.297 38	0.999
Qiantang River
八里店Balidian	32	51	6	0.607	0.012 05	0.230 24	0.637	12.905 59	1.000
总体Total	334	288	130	0.968	0.060 17

表4 马口鱼群体线粒体Cyt b基因序列分子方差分析

Table 4 Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) of part sequence of Cyt b in O. bidens

变异来源 Source of variation	自由度 Degree of freedom	方差总和 Sum of squares	变异组分 Variance components	变异百分比 Percentage of variation /%	遗传分化指数 Fst
群体间Among populations	2	434.558	6.489 89 Va	55.06	0.550 55
群体内Within populations	95	503.319	5.298 10 Vb	44.94
总计Total	97	937.878	11.787 99

表5 马口鱼3个群体间的遗传距离(对角线下方)和固定指数(对角线上方)

Table 5 Estimates of genetic distance (below diagonal) and fixation index (above diagonal) among 3 populations of O. bidens based on Cyt b gene

群体 Population	瓯江 Oujiang	钱塘江 Qiantang River	八里店 Balidian
瓯江Oujiang		0.696 61	0.504 80
钱塘江Qiantang River	0.027 505		0.402 95
八里店Balidian	0.012 072	0.024 195

图2 马口鱼核苷酸错配分布图 A,钱塘江;B,八里店。

Fig.2 The nucleotide mismatch distribution of O. bidens A, Qiantang River; B, Balidian.

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基于线粒体Cyt b基因序列的浙江省3个马口鱼群体遗传多样性分析

Genetic diversity analysis of three Opsariichthys bidens populations in Zhejiang Province based on mitochondrial Cyt b gene sequences

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