灭菌处理对华南农田赤红壤理化性质的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20240278

浙江农业学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (3): 633-642.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20240278

灭菌处理对华南农田赤红壤理化性质的影响

陈嘉怡¹(), 周俏娟¹, 欧秋雪¹, 陈舒芳¹, 章家恩¹^,²^,³, 危晖¹^,²^,³^,^*()

1.华南农业大学资源环境学院,广东广州 510642
2.广东省现代生态农业与循环农业工程技术研究中心,广东广州 510642
3.农业农村部华南热带农业环境重点实验室,广东广州 510642

收稿日期:2024-03-18 出版日期:2025-03-25 发布日期:2025-04-02
作者简介:陈嘉怡(1998—),女,广东河源人,硕士研究生,研究方向为土壤生态学。E-mail: 1977340098@qq.com
通讯作者: * 危晖,E-mail: weihui@scau.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(32071641);岭南现代农业科学与技术广东省实验室双聘团队重大科技研究专项(NT2021010);广东省科技计划(2021A1515012507)

Effects of sterilization methods on physiochemical properties of lateritic red soil in south China

CHEN Jiayi¹(), ZHOU Qiaojuan¹, OU Qiuxue¹, CHEN Shufang¹, ZHANG Jia’en¹^,²^,³, WEI Hui¹^,²^,³^,^*()

1. College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
2. Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Centre of Modern Eco-Agriculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
3. Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510642, China

Received:2024-03-18 Online:2025-03-25 Published:2025-04-02

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

土壤灭菌是研究微生物生态功能的重要方法,但灭菌处理对华南农田赤红壤理化性质的影响尚不清楚。为此,本研究以赤红壤为研究对象,采用5种常用灭菌方法(氯仿熏蒸、伽马辐照、湿热灭菌、干热灭菌3 h和干热灭菌6 h)进行灭菌处理,并以未灭菌土壤作为对照,评估不同灭菌方法的灭菌效果及其对土壤理化性质的影响。结果表明,辐照灭菌对农田赤红壤化学性质的影响最小,是优选的土壤灭菌方式,但需特定设备且成本高;湿热灭菌和氯仿熏蒸对土壤碳、氮含量影响较大;干热灭菌对土壤有效养分含量和可溶性有机碳各组分含量的影响较大。因此,应根据不同研究目的选择合适的灭菌方式,以确保研究结果可靠。

关键词: 氯仿熏蒸, 伽马辐射, 湿热灭菌, 干热灭菌, 赤红壤

Abstract:

Soil sterilization is an important method to study the ecological function of microorganisms, but the effect of sterilization on the physiochemical properties of lateritic red soil in south China is still unclear. To investigate the effect of sterilization on physiochemical properties of lateritic red soil, five typical sterilization methods (chloroform fumigation, gamma radiation, autoclaving and dry heat sterilization for 3 h or 6 h) were introduced, as well as the non-sterilized soil taken as the control, to evaluate the sterilization effect of these sterilization methods and their effect on soil physicochemical properties. The results showed that gamma radiation had the least impact on the chemical properties of lateritic red soil, which could be the prefer choice for soil sterilization with special equipment needed and high treatment cost. Autoclaving and chloroform fumigation had big influence on soil carbon and nitrogen content. Dry heat sterilization had pronounced impact on the content of available nutrients and dissolved organic carbon components in soil. Therefore, the appropriate sterilization method should be carefully selected according to the research purpose to obtain reliable test results.

Key words: chloroform fumigation, gamma radiation, autoclaving, dry heat sterilization, lateritic red soil

中图分类号:

S153

陈嘉怡, 周俏娟, 欧秋雪, 陈舒芳, 章家恩, 危晖. 灭菌处理对华南农田赤红壤理化性质的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2025, 37(3): 633-642.

CHEN Jiayi, ZHOU Qiaojuan, OU Qiuxue, CHEN Shufang, ZHANG Jia’en, WEI Hui. Effects of sterilization methods on physiochemical properties of lateritic red soil in south China[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2025, 37(3): 633-642.

图/表 7

表1 不同灭菌方法对土壤细菌的灭菌效果

Table 1 Effect of sterilization methods on soil bacteria

处理 Treatment	细菌数量 Bacteria number/(CFU·g^-1)	灭菌率 Sterilization rate/%
CK	19 400±2 550	—
CF	153±19	99.21
GR	0	100
AU	0	100
D3	0	100
D6	0	100

图1 不同灭菌方式对土壤理化性质的影响柱上无相同字母的表示处理间差异显著(P<0.05)。下同。

Fig.1 Effects of sterilization methods on soil physiochemical properties Bars marked without the same letters indicate significant difference at P<0.05. The same as below.

图2 不同灭菌方式对土壤有效养分含量的影响

Fig.2 Effects of sterilization methods on soil available nutrients content

图3 不同灭菌方式对土壤可溶性有机碳组分的影响

Fig.3 Effects of sterilization methods on soil dissolved organic carbon components

图4 土壤理化性质的相关性 CEC,阳离子交换量;TC,总碳含量;TN,总氮含量;C/N,碳氮比;DOC,溶解性有机碳含量;N H 4 +-N,铵态氮含量;AK,速效钾含量。“*”“**”“***”分别代表P<0.05、P<0.01和P<0.001的显著性水平。

Fig.4 Correlation analysis of soil physiochemical properties CEC, Cation exchange capacity; TC, Total carbon content; TN, Total nitrogen content; C/N, Carbon/nitrogen ratio; DOC, Dissolved organic carbon content; N H 4 +-N, Ammonium nitrogen content; AK, Available potassium content. “*” “**” “***” represent significant level of P<0.05, P<0.01, P<0.001, respectively.

图5 处理后土壤理化性质的主成分分析图中箱上的“*”为异常值标识,表明该样品测试结果被统计软件识别为异常值(超过第一四分位数或第三四分位数±1.5倍四分位距)。因为本研究分析未删除这些观测值,特在图中作此标记。

Fig.5 Principal component analysis of soil physiochemical properties under treatments “*” on the box in the above figure is an outlier identifier, indicating that the test result is identified by the statistical software as an outlier (more than the first quartile or third quartile ±1.5 times the interquartile range). Because these observations were not removed from the analysis in this study, it is marked in the figure.

图6 灭菌处理对农田赤红壤理化性质的影响 “?”表示升高,“?”表示降低。

Fig.6 Effect of sterilization treatment on physiochemical properties of lateritic red soil “?” indicates increase, while “?” indicates decrease. CF, Chloroform fumigation; GR, Gamma radiation; AU, Autoclaving; D3, Dry heat sterilization for 3 h; D6, Dry heat sterilization for 6 h.

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灭菌处理对华南农田赤红壤理化性质的影响

Effects of sterilization methods on physiochemical properties of lateritic red soil in south China

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