Abstract:

Gene editing technology is a technology that making precise modification of DNA sequence at the genome level, so as to promote targeted modification of the genome sequence. With the rapid development of CRISPR/Cas9 technology in recent years, gene editing technology plays an increasingly important role in crop breeding. The paper reviewed the development of gene editing technology and the working principle of CRISPR/Cas9, analysed the limitations of CRISPR/Cas9 and put forward improvement methods. In addition, this paper focused on the establishment of the plant CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing system, its application in plant trait improvement, and the application cases that were finally committed to the commercialization of gene editing products. At the same time, it also analysed the regulatory policies and attitudes of gene editing in five representative countries/regions, including the United States, the European Union, Britain, Japan and China, in order to provide reference for the establishment of scientific regulatory frame work in China and promote the industrial application of CRISPR/Cas9 in China or even the world.

Key words: gene editing technology, CRISPR/Cas9, traits improvement, limitation, regulatory policy, future prospects