Effects of intercropping tea with landscape trees on ecosystem of tea garden and tea production

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2023.03.05

Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis ›› 2023, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (3): 523-533.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2023.03.05

• Crop Science • Previous Articles Next Articles

Effects of intercropping tea with landscape trees on ecosystem of tea garden and tea production

WANG Jinfeng¹(), ZHOU Qi¹, LYU Yulong², CHEN Zhuomei¹

1. Zhejiang Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou 310023, China
2. Anji Forestry Bureau, Anji 313300, Zhejiang, China

Received:2022-04-24 Online:2023-03-25 Published:2023-04-07

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to find a suitable intercropping mode for landscape trees and tea, three intercropping modes of landscape trees-tea, including Camellia sinensis(L.) O. Ktze.-Yulania denudata (Desr.) D.L.Fu, C. sinensis-Sapindus saponaria L. and C. sinensis-Prunus campanulata (Maxim.) Yü et Li were comprehensively studied and evaluated by measuring the microclimate, soil physical and chemical properties, and tea yield and quality. Tea monoculture was also studied as a control. The results showed that all the three intercropping modes were beneficial to the microclimate of the tea garden by reducing temperature and increasing humidity of tea garden, especially for the C. sinensis-Y. denudata mode and C. sinensis-S. saponaria mode. All three intercropping systems could improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil in the tea garden. In particular, for the tea garden soil intercropped with P. campanulata, the content of organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and the enzyme activities of urease and sucrase were significantly improved, which meant that the soil nutrients were comprehensively enhanced. While Y. denudata and S. saponaria intercropping with tea would promote the uptake of available potassium and phosphorus by tea trees, which would be beneficial for tea yield and quality. In addition, all three types of intercropping could improve tea yield and quality to some extent. At the time of promoting the growth of tea trees, the three intercropping modes were also beneficial to the accumulation of amino acids and other substances, and a suitable phenol-ammonia ratio was formed, which meant the tea quality was improved. Especially for the tea trees intercropped with S. saponaria, tea quality was significantly improved and tea yield was 51.81% higher than that of the monoculture tea garden. In conclusion, M. denudata, S. mukorossi and C. campanulata were all suitable landscape trees which could be intercropped with tea trees.

Key words: landscape trees, intercropping, ecosystem, tea yield, tea quality

CLC Number:

S571.1

WANG Jinfeng, ZHOU Qi, LYU Yulong, CHEN Zhuomei. Effects of intercropping tea with landscape trees on ecosystem of tea garden and tea production[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2023, 35(3): 523-533.

Figures/Tables 7

References 37

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茶叶品种 Tea cultivar	试验地点 Location	时间 Time	处理 Treatment	间作模式 Intercropping mode	间作树种冠幅 Crown breadth of intercropping trees/m
开化龙顶 Kaihua longding tea	浙江省开化县十里铺茶厂 Shilipu Tea Company, Kaihua County, Zhejiang Province	2020-03-27、 2020-07-31	YL	茶-玉兰 C. sinensis-Y. denudata	3.0~3.4
			WHZ	茶-无患子 C. sinensis-S. saponaria	6.0~6.5
			CK-L	单作对照 Tea monoculture
白茶 White tea	浙江省宁波市海曙区金陆茶厂 Jinlu Tea Company, Haishu District, Ninbo City, Zhejiang Province	2020-04-28、 2020-08-18	SYH	茶-山樱花 C. sinensis-P. campanulata	4.0~4.5
			CK-B	单作对照 Tea monoculture

茶叶品种 Tea cultivar	试验地点 Location	时间 Time	处理 Treatment	间作模式 Intercropping mode	间作树种冠幅 Crown breadth of intercropping trees/m
开化龙顶 Kaihua longding tea	浙江省开化县十里铺茶厂 Shilipu Tea Company, Kaihua County, Zhejiang Province	2020-03-27、 2020-07-31	YL	茶-玉兰 C. sinensis-Y. denudata	3.0~3.4
			WHZ	茶-无患子 C. sinensis-S. saponaria	6.0~6.5
			CK-L	单作对照 Tea monoculture
白茶 White tea	浙江省宁波市海曙区金陆茶厂 Jinlu Tea Company, Haishu District, Ninbo City, Zhejiang Province	2020-04-28、 2020-08-18	SYH	茶-山樱花 C. sinensis-P. campanulata	4.0~4.5
			CK-B	单作对照 Tea monoculture

处理 Treatment	土层深度 SL/cm	pH	有机质 OM/(g· kg^-1)	有效氮 AN/(mg· kg^-1)	全氮 TN/%	有效钾 APo/(mg· kg^-1)	全钾 TPo/(g· kg^-1)	有效磷 APh/(mg· kg^-1)	全磷 TPh/(g· kg^-1)
YL	0~20	3.98 ±0.25 ab	27.50 ±14.82 a	96.00 ±27.75 a	0.21 ±0.07 a	112.33 ±19.55 ab	21.11 ±1.25 ab	31.81 ±24.45 a	0.80 ±0.28 a
	20~40	3.91 ±0.16 b	23.56 ±16.95 a	77.12 ±21.05 a	0.20 ±0.08 a	90.67 ±9.71 ab	21.22 ±1.55 ab	9.40 ±4.31 a	0.60 ±0.40 a
	平均 Average	3.95 ±0.21 a	25.53 ±13.49 a	86.57 ±22.74 a	0.21 ±0.06 a	101.50 ±7.81 a	21.17 ±0.96 a	20.61 ±14.33 a	0.70 ±0.33 a
WHZ	0~20	4.09 ±0.17 ab	38.69 ±23.04 a	114.09 ±56.14 a	0.29 ±0.09 a	71.00 ±20.52 ab	23.83 ±3.51 ab	14.40 ±13.80 a	0.69 ±0.17 a
	20~40	4.08 ±0.19 ab	32.83 ±20.62 a	106.37 ±62.75 a	0.27 ±0.08 a	67.00 ±23.07 b	24.50 ±2.45 a	11.27 ±5.92 a	0.57 ±0.18 a
	平均 Average	4.08 ±0.16 a	35.76 ±21.22 a	110.23 ±59.39 a	0.28 ±0.08 a	69.00 ±21.47 a	24.17 ±2.86 a	12.84 ±8.39 a	0.63 ±0.10 a
CK-L	0~20	4.18 ±0.21 ab	33.21 ±14.57 a	118.61 ±26.05 a	0.20 ±0.08 a	135.33 ±55.19 a	18.17 ±1.86 b	59.44 ±56.50 a	0.71 ±0.20 a
	20~40	4.34 ±0.29 a	29.35 ±19.91 a	85.63 ±19.78 a	0.25 ±0.07 a	124.00 ±63.02 ab	21.84 ±3.69 ab	26.15 ±35.07 a	0.62 ±0.33 a
	平均 Average	4.27 ±0.25 a	31.28 ±14.09 a	102.12 ±21.47 a	0.23 ±0.06 a	129.67 ±58.75 a	20.00 ±2.53 a	42.80 ±44.96 a	0.67 ±0.22 a
SYH	0~20	4.08 ±0.08 a	43.72 ±17.76 a	139.35 ±59.11 a	0.22 ±0.08 a	229.00 ±10.58 a	15.84 ±1.26 a	132.29 ±52.20 a	1.01 ±0.24 a
	20~40	4.14 ±0.06 a	39.01 ±5.67 a	108.23 ±7.24 a	0.18 ±0.03 ab	217.67 ±37.54 a	16.11 ±1.86 a	127.18 ±59.64 a	1.01 ±0.18 a
	平均 Average	4.11 ±0.03 a	41.36 ±6.39 a	123.79 ±31.39 a	0.20 ±0.03 a	223.33 ±24.01 a	15.98 ±1.08 a	129.74 ±54.98 a	1.01 ±0.21 a
CK-B	0~20	4.05 ±0.06 a	32.47 ±6.93 a	114.62 ±31.76 a	0.17 ±0.04 ab	255.33 ±28.54 a	14.89 ±0.26 a	59.58 ±11.32 a	0.65 ±0.16 b
	20~40	4.12 ±0.02 a	24.08 ±6.49 a	86.69 ±12.18 a	0.13 ±0.03 b	224.67 ±13.87 a	15.61 ±1.21 a	52.62 ±28.22 a	0.57 ±0.04 b
	平均 Average	4.09 ±0.03 a	28.28 ±3.91 b	100.66 ±16.56 a	0.15 ±0.01 b	240.00 ±20.48 a	15.25 ±0.72 a	56.10 ±12.09a	0.61 ±0.10 b

处理 Treatment	土层深度 SL/cm	pH	有机质 OM/(g· kg^-1)	有效氮 AN/(mg· kg^-1)	全氮 TN/%	有效钾 APo/(mg· kg^-1)	全钾 TPo/(g· kg^-1)	有效磷 APh/(mg· kg^-1)	全磷 TPh/(g· kg^-1)
YL	0~20	3.98 ±0.25 ab	27.50 ±14.82 a	96.00 ±27.75 a	0.21 ±0.07 a	112.33 ±19.55 ab	21.11 ±1.25 ab	31.81 ±24.45 a	0.80 ±0.28 a
	20~40	3.91 ±0.16 b	23.56 ±16.95 a	77.12 ±21.05 a	0.20 ±0.08 a	90.67 ±9.71 ab	21.22 ±1.55 ab	9.40 ±4.31 a	0.60 ±0.40 a
	平均 Average	3.95 ±0.21 a	25.53 ±13.49 a	86.57 ±22.74 a	0.21 ±0.06 a	101.50 ±7.81 a	21.17 ±0.96 a	20.61 ±14.33 a	0.70 ±0.33 a
WHZ	0~20	4.09 ±0.17 ab	38.69 ±23.04 a	114.09 ±56.14 a	0.29 ±0.09 a	71.00 ±20.52 ab	23.83 ±3.51 ab	14.40 ±13.80 a	0.69 ±0.17 a
	20~40	4.08 ±0.19 ab	32.83 ±20.62 a	106.37 ±62.75 a	0.27 ±0.08 a	67.00 ±23.07 b	24.50 ±2.45 a	11.27 ±5.92 a	0.57 ±0.18 a
	平均 Average	4.08 ±0.16 a	35.76 ±21.22 a	110.23 ±59.39 a	0.28 ±0.08 a	69.00 ±21.47 a	24.17 ±2.86 a	12.84 ±8.39 a	0.63 ±0.10 a
CK-L	0~20	4.18 ±0.21 ab	33.21 ±14.57 a	118.61 ±26.05 a	0.20 ±0.08 a	135.33 ±55.19 a	18.17 ±1.86 b	59.44 ±56.50 a	0.71 ±0.20 a
	20~40	4.34 ±0.29 a	29.35 ±19.91 a	85.63 ±19.78 a	0.25 ±0.07 a	124.00 ±63.02 ab	21.84 ±3.69 ab	26.15 ±35.07 a	0.62 ±0.33 a
	平均 Average	4.27 ±0.25 a	31.28 ±14.09 a	102.12 ±21.47 a	0.23 ±0.06 a	129.67 ±58.75 a	20.00 ±2.53 a	42.80 ±44.96 a	0.67 ±0.22 a
SYH	0~20	4.08 ±0.08 a	43.72 ±17.76 a	139.35 ±59.11 a	0.22 ±0.08 a	229.00 ±10.58 a	15.84 ±1.26 a	132.29 ±52.20 a	1.01 ±0.24 a
	20~40	4.14 ±0.06 a	39.01 ±5.67 a	108.23 ±7.24 a	0.18 ±0.03 ab	217.67 ±37.54 a	16.11 ±1.86 a	127.18 ±59.64 a	1.01 ±0.18 a
	平均 Average	4.11 ±0.03 a	41.36 ±6.39 a	123.79 ±31.39 a	0.20 ±0.03 a	223.33 ±24.01 a	15.98 ±1.08 a	129.74 ±54.98 a	1.01 ±0.21 a
CK-B	0~20	4.05 ±0.06 a	32.47 ±6.93 a	114.62 ±31.76 a	0.17 ±0.04 ab	255.33 ±28.54 a	14.89 ±0.26 a	59.58 ±11.32 a	0.65 ±0.16 b
	20~40	4.12 ±0.02 a	24.08 ±6.49 a	86.69 ±12.18 a	0.13 ±0.03 b	224.67 ±13.87 a	15.61 ±1.21 a	52.62 ±28.22 a	0.57 ±0.04 b
	平均 Average	4.09 ±0.03 a	28.28 ±3.91 b	100.66 ±16.56 a	0.15 ±0.01 b	240.00 ±20.48 a	15.25 ±0.72 a	56.10 ±12.09a	0.61 ±0.10 b

处理 Treatment	土层深度 Soil layer/cm	脲酶 Urease/(U· g^-1)	过氧化氢酶 Catalase/ (U·g^-1)	多酚氧化酶 Polyphenol oxidase/ (U·g^-1)	蛋白酶 Protease/ (U·g^-1)	蔗糖酶 Sucrase/ (U·g^-1)	脱氢酶 Dehydrogenase/ (U·g^-1)
YL	0~20	146.54±38.40 ab	180.86±19.16 a	48.16±4.88 a	7.33±1.51 a	141.13±17.73 a	16.29±2.61 a
	20~40	112.33±37.06 b	170.58±29.26 a	44.97±13.08 a	6.76±1.78 a	119.68±21.90 a	13.69±1.69 a
	平均Mean	129.44±14.48 a	175.72±19.94 a	46.56±6.97 a	7.05±1.51 a	130.41±9.62 a	14.99±1.97 a
WHZ	0~20	156.22±26.54 ab	175.74±24.25 a	53.98±3.08 a	7.15±1.05 a	128.07±27.95 a	15.79±3.38 a
	20~40	142.16±35.37 ab	153.35±14.30 a	47.73±1.63 a	6.19±0.39 a	114.87±10.86 a	16.73±2.73 a
	平均Mean	149.19±26.46 a	164.55±13.03 a	50.86±1.32 a	6.67±0.61 a	121.47±17.72 a	16.27±2.19 a
CK-L	0~20	174.38±18.07 a	165.69±17.44 a	51.93±6.65 a	7.55±1.02 a	127.16±7.07 a	14.55±0.66 a
	20~40	105.45±15.60 b	163.48±13.25 a	40.78±16.24 a	6.48±1.71 a	124.54±12.57 a	14.29±1.08 a
	平均Mean	139.91±4.22 a	164.58±12.93 a	46.35±10.54 a	7.01±1.30 a	125.86±8.12 a	14.42±0.39 a
SYH	0~20	167.90±16.29 a	176.63±18.02 a	39.09±6.31 a	7.15±0.98 a	128.74±16.06 a	15.72±0.40 a
	20~40	164.45±26.21 a	170.31±25.62 a	40.38±4.73 a	6.70±0.44 a	107.15±11.32 ab	14.09±1.58 a
	平均Mean	166.18±12.86 a	173.47±11.80 a	39.74±3.99 a	6.92±0.68 a	117.95±5.87 a	14.90±0.83 a
CK-B	0~20	138.72±34.76 ab	162.31±13.41 a	48.69±11.49 a	7.37±1.49 a	108.53±25.24 ab	15.21±2.63 a
	20~40	109.83±30.29 b	153.31±27.39 a	47.90±11.81 a	6.73±1.33 a	83.36±10.41 b	14.66±0.82 a
	平均Mean	124.27±4.42 b	157.81±14.98 a	48.29±6.71 a	7.05±0.91 a	95.94±10.75 b	14.94±0.91 a

Effects of intercropping tea with landscape trees on ecosystem of tea garden and tea production

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因子 Factor	茶青产量 YF	水浸出物 WE	茶多酚 PP	儿茶素总量 CC	游离氨基酸 FA	咖啡碱 CF	叶绿素总量 CP	酚氨比 RA
温度T	-0.584^*	-0.498	-0.445	-0.534^*	-0.215	-0.608^*	-0.658^*	-0.213
湿度H	0.557^*	0.797^*	0.807^*	0.813^*	-0.074	0.648^*	0.820^*	0.602^*
pH	-0.212	0.198	0.165	0.076	-0.451	-0.174	0.129	0.321
有机质OM	0.190	-0.001	-0.072	-0.137	-0.340	-0.112	-0.113	0.094
有效氮AN	0.087	-0.224	-0.123	-0.168	-0.246	-0.089	-0.243	-0.003
全氮TN	0.616^*	0.572^*	0.527^*	0.474	-0.42	0.400	0.513	0.550^*
有效钾APo	-0.671^*	-0.727^*	-0.815^*	-0.785^*	0.066	-0.655^*	-0.897^*	-0.599^*
全钾TPo	0.689^*	0.721^*	0.724^*	0.720^*	0.054	0.607^*	0.810^*	0.485
有效磷APh	-0.233	-0.584^*	-0.627^*	-0.564^*	0.039	-0.377	-0.612^*	-0.442
全磷Tph	0.139	-0.183	-0.271	-0.260	-0.135	-0.221	-0.264	-0.123
脲酶U	0.145	-0.004	-0.105	-0.097	0.084	-0.004	-0.097	-0.098
过氧化氢酶C	0.202	0.152	0.162	0.049	0.073	-0.243	0.010	0.073
多酚氧化酶PO	0.194	0.278	0.307	0.194	-0.210	0.121	0.413	0.282
蛋白酶PR	-0.313	-0.137	0.048	-0.089	0.179	-0.082	-0.063	-0.049
蔗糖酶S	0.398	0.644^*	0.540^*	0.614^*	-0.009	0.382	0.684^*	0.414
脱氢酶D	0.332	-0.087	-0.052	-0.030	0.507	0.117	0.059	-0.233

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