Abstract: Since the photoperiod\| and thermo\|sensitive genic male sterility line Nongken 58S was found， two\|line hybrid rice has been enormously applied in the hybrid rice breeding， popularization and application. Meanwhile， the research of the molecular mechanism of rice photoperiod\| and thermo\|sensitive genic male sterility gene has also been achieved important progress using the molecular biological technology. In this paper， we briefly introduced the current situation of two\|line hybrid rice in China in recent years and the research progress of the photoperiod\|sensitive male sterility gene， thermo\|sensitive male sterility gene and the reverse photoperiod\| and thermo\|sensitive genic male sterility gene in recent years， respectively. Moreover， the development of two\|line hybrid rice and the research of molecular mechanism of photoperiod\| and thermo\|sensitive genic male sterility gene were also prospected.

Key words: rice； two\, line hybrid rice； photoperiod\, sensitive genic male sterility； thermo\, sensitive genic male sterility