Reducing nitrogen loss from paddy filed and ensuring yield of direct seeding rice by adjusting nitrogen base-topdressing ratio

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2022.11.17

Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis ›› 2022, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (11): 2482-2490.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2022.11.17

• Environmental Science • Previous Articles Next Articles

Reducing nitrogen loss from paddy filed and ensuring yield of direct seeding rice by adjusting nitrogen base-topdressing ratio

XIA Sujing(), QIAO Yue, ZHU Jianqiang()

College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, Hubei, China

Received:2021-09-26 Online:2022-11-25 Published:2022-11-29
Contact: ZHU Jianqiang

Abstract

Abstract:

Field drainage for waterlogging prevention at seedling stage of direct seeding rice increases the risk of nitrogen loss from paddy field. Appropriate adjustment of nitrogen base-topdressing ratio can provide scientific basis for risk reduction during this process. In the present study, N, P₂O₅, and K₂O application amount were set as 180, 75 and 105 kg·hm^-2, respectively. A field experiment was conducted with different nitrogen base-topdressing ratios. The conventional fertilization method in Jianghan Plain (the proportion of N in basal fertilizer, tillering fertilizer and panicle fertilizer was 6∶4∶0 ) was taken as the control (CK), and treatments were set according to the proportion of N in basal fertilizer, tillering fertilizer and panicle fertilizer, specifically, 4∶6∶0 (T1), 4∶4∶2 (T2), 4∶2∶4 (T3), 2∶6∶2 (T4), 2∶4∶4 (T5), 0∶8∶2 (T6), 0∶6∶4 (T7). The ammonia volatilization loss and nitrogen runoff loss during rice growth and rice yield under different treatments were measured in the field. It was shown that the nitrogen runoff loss was the smallest under T7 treatment (8.79 kg·hm^-2). The ammonia volatilization loss was the smallest under T3 treatment (11.90 kg·hm^-2). The total nitrogen loss was the smallest under T7 treatment (22.89 kg·hm^-2). The highest yield was found under T4 treatment (9 270.0 kg·hm^-2), which was followed by T5 treatment (9 150.0 kg·hm^-2). Given the nitrogen loss and rice yield, the recommended proportions of N in basal fertilizer, tillering fertilizer and panicle fertilizer in the experimental conditions were 2∶6∶2 and 2∶4∶4.

Key words: base-topdressing ratio of nitrogen fertilizer, nitrogen runoff loss, ammonia volatilization, direct-seeding rice

CLC Number:

S147.3
S511

XIA Sujing, QIAO Yue, ZHU Jianqiang. Reducing nitrogen loss from paddy filed and ensuring yield of direct seeding rice by adjusting nitrogen base-topdressing ratio[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2022, 34(11): 2482-2490.

Figures/Tables 4

Table 1 Total nitrogen runoff loss under different treatments

处理 Treatment	L_N/(kg·hm^-2)				PBF/%		PTF/%
处理 Treatment	5月26日 May 26th	6月8日 June 8th	6月22日 June 22th	7月9日 July 9th	5月26日 May 26th	6月8日 June 8th	6月22日 June 22th	7月9日 July 9th
CK	21.24 a	1.24 c	4.69 a	1.83 a	19.67	1.15	6.51	2.54
T1	15.75 b	1.61 ab	4.79 a	1.80 a	21.88	2.24	4.44	1.67
T2	15.14 b	1.55 ab	4.31 abc	1.58 bc	21.03	2.15	5.99	2.19
T3	14.98 b	1.81 a	3.52 de	1.56 c	20.81	2.51	9.78	4.33
T4	8.45 c	1.71 ab	3.96 bcd	1.74 abc	23.47	4.75	3.67	1.61
T5	8.79 c	0.26 e	3.24 e	1.70 abc	24.42	3.50	4.50	2.36
T6	1.70 d	0.76 d	4.41 abc	1.70 abc	—	—	3.06	1.18
T7	1.89 d	0.72 d	4.48 ab	1.70 abc	—	—	4.15	1.57
CK0	1.70 d	1.47 bc	3.78 cde	1.78 ab	—	—	—	—

Table 2 Analysis results of runoff loss of different forms of nitrogen

处理 Treatment	总氮Total nitrogen			$NH 4 +$ -N		$NO 3 -$ -N
处理 Treatment	L_N/(kg·hm^-2)	R_N/%	PRNL/%	L_N/(kg·hm^-2)	PRNL/%	L_N/(kg·hm^-2)	PRNL/%
CK	28.99 a	11.26	—	14.73 a	—	1.50 a	—
T1	23.96 b	8.46	17.35	12.86 b	12.70	1.15 b	23.33
T2	22.58 b	7.69	22.11	12.60 b	14.46	0.46 cd	69.33
T3	21.87 b	7.30	24.56	12.15 b	17.52	0.43 cd	71.33
T4	15.85 c	3.96	45.33	8.80 c	40.26	0.59 cd	60.67
T5	15.00 c	3.48	48.26	8.11 d	44.94	0.30 d	56.67
T6	9.58 d	0.47	66.95	5.36 e	63.61	0.55 cd	63.33
T7	8.79 d	0.03	69.68	4.60 e	68.77	0.73 c	51.33
CK0	8.73 d	—	69.89	4.88 e	66.87	0.62 cd	58.67

Table 2 Analysis results of runoff loss of different forms of nitrogen

处理 Treatment	总氮Total nitrogen			$NH 4 +$ -N		$NO 3 -$ -N
处理 Treatment	L_N/(kg·hm^-2)	R_N/%	PRNL/%	L_N/(kg·hm^-2)	PRNL/%	L_N/(kg·hm^-2)	PRNL/%
CK	28.99 a	11.26	—	14.73 a	—	1.50 a	—
T1	23.96 b	8.46	17.35	12.86 b	12.70	1.15 b	23.33
T2	22.58 b	7.69	22.11	12.60 b	14.46	0.46 cd	69.33
T3	21.87 b	7.30	24.56	12.15 b	17.52	0.43 cd	71.33
T4	15.85 c	3.96	45.33	8.80 c	40.26	0.59 cd	60.67
T5	15.00 c	3.48	48.26	8.11 d	44.94	0.30 d	56.67
T6	9.58 d	0.47	66.95	5.36 e	63.61	0.55 cd	63.33
T7	8.79 d	0.03	69.68	4.60 e	68.77	0.73 c	51.33
CK0	8.73 d	—	69.89	4.88 e	66.87	0.62 cd	58.67

Table 3 Ammonia volatilization loss under different treatments

处理 Treatment	基肥—分蘖肥前 Base fertilizer-tillering fertilizer		分蘖肥—穗肥前 Tillering fertilizer-panicle fertilizer		穗肥后 After panicle fertilizer		全生育期 Whole growth duration
处理 Treatment	P_A/(kg·hm^-2)	PAVL/%	P_A/(kg·hm^-2)	PAVL/%	P_A/(kg·hm^-2)	PAVL/%	P_A/(kg·hm^-2)	PAVL/%	R_A/%
CK	8.37 a	—	8.17 c	—	0.95 c	—	17.49 a	—	6.87
T1	4.89 b	-41.58	10.93 b	+33.78	0.82 c	-13.68	16.64 b	-4.86	6.39
T2	4.84 b	-42.17	7.97 c	-2.45	1.48 b	+55.79	14.29 c	-18.30	5.09
T3	4.79 b	-42.77	5.14 d	-37.09	1.97 a	+107.37	11.90 e	-31.96	3.76
T4	3.26 c	-61.05	10.78 b	+31.95	1.53 b	+61.05	15.57 b	-10.98	5.80
T5	3.29 c	-60.69	7.82 c	-4.28	2.02 a	+112.63	13.13 d	-24.93	4.44
T6	1.02 d	-87.81	13.45 a	+64.63	1.84 a	+93.68	16.31 b	-6.75	6.21
T7	1.02 d	-87.81	11.15 b	+36.47	1.93 a	+103.16	14.10 c	-19.38	4.98

Table 4 Nitrogen loss, rice yield and nitrogen partial factor productivity (NPFP) under different treatments

处理 Treatment	氮素损失 Nitrogen loss/(kg·hm^-2)	氮损失率 Nitrogen loss rate/%	水稻产量 Rice yield/(kg·hm^-2)	NPFP/(kg·kg^-1)
CK	46.48	18.12	8 366.7±385.9 b	46.48
T1	40.60	14.86	8 500.0±216.0 b	47.22
T2	36.87	12.78	8 941.7±62.4 ab	49.54
T3	33.77	11.06	9 033.3±249.4 ab	50.19
T4	31.42	9.76	9 270.0±230.9 a	51.50
T5	28.13	7.93	9 150.0±40.8 a	50.83
T6	25.89	6.68	8 733.3±170.0 b	48.52
T7	22.89	5.02	8 683.3±131.2 b	48.24
CK0	13.86	—	4 781.3±240.7 c	—

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Reducing nitrogen loss from paddy filed and ensuring yield of direct seeding rice by adjusting nitrogen base-topdressing ratio

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