Response of grain yield and quality of high quality rice to climate factors at different sowing dates in southeastern Zhejiang Province, China

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2023.04.02

Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis ›› 2023, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (4): 736-751.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2023.04.02

• Crop Science • Previous Articles Next Articles

Response of grain yield and quality of high quality rice to climate factors at different sowing dates in southeastern Zhejiang Province, China

MA Yihu¹(), ZENG Xiaoyuan², HE Xianbiao¹^,^*(), ZHOU Naidi³^,^*(), CHEN Jian¹

1. Institute of Ecological and Environment Sciences, Taizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Linhai 317000, Zhejiang, China
2. Agricultural Technology Extension Center of Taizhou City of Zhejiang Province, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang, China
3. Agricultural Technology Extension Center of Xianju County of Zhejiang Province, Xianju 317300, Zhejiang, China

Received:2022-05-16 Online:2023-04-25 Published:2023-05-05
Contact: HE Xianbiao,ZHOU Naidi

Abstract

Abstract:

To determine the suitable sowing dates for high quality rice of different types in Southeastern Zhejiang, a field interval sowing experiment was carried out with indica-japonica hybrid rice Yongyou 1540 and indica hybrid rice Tailiangyou 217. The effects of different sowing dates (Ⅰ-Ⅴstage) on grain yield and its components, growth period, seedling quality, tillering characteristics, population growth rate, dry matter accumulation, and rice quality were studied, and the correlation between grain yield and climatic factors, quality and climatic factors was analyzed. The results showed that the grain yield of Yongyou 1540 and Tailiangyou 217 increased first and then decreased with the delay of sowing date, and the yield potential was 11.54 t·hm^-2 for Yongyou 1540 in stage Ⅱ and 9.47 t·hm^-2 for Tailiangyou 217 in stage Ⅲ. The change trend of yield components was basically consistent with the yield change. The growth stages of rice were delayed with the delay of sowing date. Sowing-heading period was shortened, whereas heading-maturing stage was extended, and the change of whole growth period varied with cultivars. With the delay of sowing date, the seedling quality, dry matter accumulation, and harvest index increased first and then decreased, while the tiller number increased and the productive tiller percentage decreased, and the population growth rate and the output rate of dry matter of stem and leaf varied with cultivars and growth stages. The sowing date mainly affected the rice milling and appearance quality. Rice quality was improved with the delay of sowing date. The grain yield was significantly or extremely significantly positively correlated with the resources of temperature and sunshine during the full heading-maturing stage, while the quality was closely related to temperature and sunshine resources from the 20th day after full heading to maturing stage. We recommend the best sowing date for Yongyou 1540 could be from May 7 to May 26. The sowing date for Tailiangyou 217 with high yield and relatively high quality could be from May 16 to May 22, while the sowing date for Tailiangyou 217 with high quality and relatively high yield could be from May 23 to May 27.

Key words: southeastern Zhejiang, high quality rice, grain yield, rice quality, sowing date, climatic factor

CLC Number:

S511

MA Yihu, ZENG Xiaoyuan, HE Xianbiao, ZHOU Naidi, CHEN Jian. Response of grain yield and quality of high quality rice to climate factors at different sowing dates in southeastern Zhejiang Province, China[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2023, 35(4): 736-751.

Figures/Tables 13

References 38

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变异来源 Sources of variation	自由度 Degree of freedom	平方和 Sum of square	均方 Mean square	F值 F value
年度 Year (Y)	1	0.017	0.017	0.012
播期 Sowing date (S)	4	7.193	1.798	74.807^**
品种 Cultivar (C)	1	75.331	75.331	3 133.577^**
年度×播期 Y×S	4	0.021	0.005	0.221
年度×品种 Y×C	1	0.008	0.008	0.330
播期×品种 S×C	4	0.446	0.112	4.643^**
年度×播期×品种	4	0.003	0.001	0.034
Y×S×C

变异来源 Sources of variation	自由度 Degree of freedom	平方和 Sum of square	均方 Mean square	F值 F value
年度 Year (Y)	1	0.017	0.017	0.012
播期 Sowing date (S)	4	7.193	1.798	74.807^**
品种 Cultivar (C)	1	75.331	75.331	3 133.577^**
年度×播期 Y×S	4	0.021	0.005	0.221
年度×品种 Y×C	1	0.008	0.008	0.330
播期×品种 S×C	4	0.446	0.112	4.643^**
年度×播期×品种	4	0.003	0.001	0.034
Y×S×C

品种 Cultivar	播期处理 Sowing date treatment	2021年产量及其构成因素Grain yield and its components in 2021								2020年实际产量 Actual grain yield in 2020/(t· hm^-2)
品种 Cultivar	播期处理 Sowing date treatment	株高 Plant height/ cm	有效穗数 Number of productive panicles/ (×10⁴·hm^-2)	每穗粒数 Spikelets number per panicle	总颖花量 Total amount of spikelets/ (×10⁶·hm^-2)	结实率 Seed- setting rate/%	千粒重 1 000- grain weight/g	理论产量 Theoretical grain yield/ (t·hm^-2)	实际产量 Actual grain yield/ (t·hm^-2)	2020年实际产量 Actual grain yield in 2020/(t· hm^-2)
甬优1540 Yongyou 1540	Ⅰ	125.5 ±0.8 a	202.3 ±3.0 c	253.3 ±2.9 c	512.4 ±21.2 d	93.4 ±2.3 a	23.29 ±0.07 c	11.14 ±0.12 cd	11.05 ±0.18 bc	11.09 ±0.21 b
	Ⅱ	123.2 ±1.2 b	209.1 ±3.1 a	265.6 ±2.6 a	555.4 ±18.9 a	93.5 ±1.9 a	23.41 ±0.02 ab	12.16 ±0.29 a	11.60 ±0.21 a	11.58 ±0.27 a
	Ⅲ	119.9 ±1.5 c	207.8 ±2.4 ab	263.1 ±2.7 ab	545.3 ±17.1 ab	92.0 ±1.6 ab	23.43 ±0.06 a	11.76 ±0.17 b	11.53 ±0.14 a	11.47 ±0.09 a
	Ⅳ	118.5 ±1.1 c	207.3 ±2.6 ab	258.7 ±3.9 bc	537.5 ±12.6 bc	89.7 ±2.4 bc	23.31 ±0.10 bc	11.23 ±0.14 c	11.20 ±0.26 b	11.17 ±0.15 b
	Ⅴ	116.2 ±1.3 d	206.4 ±3.2 b	256.4 ±2.4 c	529.3 ±13.2 c	88.1 ±1.7 c	23.28 ±0.04 c	10.86 ±0.18 d	10.83 ±0.19 c	10.79 ±0.17 c
	平均值 Average	120.7 ±3.7	206.6 ±2.6	259.4 ±5.0	536.0 ±16.3	91.3 ±2.4	23.34 ±0.07	11.43 ±0.52	11.24 ±0.32	11.22 ±0.31
	CV/%	3.1	1.2	1.9	3.0	2.6	0.3	4.5	2.9	2.8
泰两优217 Tailiangyou 217	Ⅰ	120.5 ±1.0 a	216.4 ±4.2 d	189.7 ±3.7 d	410.7 ±21.6 d	89.4 ±1.3 a	24.47 ±0.13 c	8.98 ±0.21 c	8.60 ±0.18 c	8.68 ±0.12 c
	Ⅱ	118.3 ±1.4 ab	222.4 ±4.0 c	198.5 ±5.5 c	441.4 ±17.3 c	87.8 ±2.1 b	24.67 ±0.14 b	9.55 ±0.18 b	9.29 ±0.35 b	9.35 ±0.24 a
	Ⅲ	116.5 ±1.5 bc	229.6 ±4.6 a	208.2 ±4.2 a	479.6 ±22.4 a	85.3 ±2.7 c	24.75 ±0.06 a	10.12 ±0.26 a	9.57 ±0.21 a	9.53 ±0.29 a
株高 Plant height/ cm	有效穗数 Number of productive panicles/ (×10⁴·hm^-2)	每穗粒数 Spikelets number per panicle	总颖花量 Total amount of spikelets/ (×10⁶·hm^-2)	结实率 Seed- setting rate/%	千粒重 1 000- grain weight/g	理论产量 Theoretical grain yield/ (t·hm^-2)	实际产量 Actual grain yield/ (t·hm^-2)
	Ⅳ	115.2 ±0.7 bc	230.4 ±3.7 a	201.0 ±2.9 bc	461.4 ±18.5 b	82.8 ±1.6 d	24.49 ±0.09 c	9.35 ±0.24 b	9.03 ±0.27 b	9.01 ±0.15 b
	Ⅴ	114.1 ±1.9 c	225.9 ±3.0 b	201.5 ±3.6 b	455.2 ±23.4 b	79.8 ±2.9 e	24.21 ±0.11 d	8.79 ±0.29 c	8.41 ±0.32 c	8.44 ±0.23 c
	平均值 Average	116.9 ±2.5	224.9 ±5.7	199.8 ±6.7	449.7 ±25.7	85.0 ±3.8	24.52 ±0.21	9.36 ±0.52	8.98 ±0.48	9.00 ±0.45
	CV/%	2.2	2.6	3.3	5.7	4.5	0.9	5.6	5.3	5.0
方差分析 Analysis of	播期 Sowing date	*	*	*	**	**	*	**	**	**
variance	品种	*	**	**	**	**	*	**	**	**
	Cultivar
	播期×品种	ns	*	*	*	ns	ns	**	**	**
	Sowing date ×Cultivar

品种 Cultivar	播期处理 Sowing date treatment	2021年产量及其构成因素Grain yield and its components in 2021								2020年实际产量 Actual grain yield in 2020/(t· hm^-2)
品种 Cultivar	播期处理 Sowing date treatment	株高 Plant height/ cm	有效穗数 Number of productive panicles/ (×10⁴·hm^-2)	每穗粒数 Spikelets number per panicle	总颖花量 Total amount of spikelets/ (×10⁶·hm^-2)	结实率 Seed- setting rate/%	千粒重 1 000- grain weight/g	理论产量 Theoretical grain yield/ (t·hm^-2)	实际产量 Actual grain yield/ (t·hm^-2)	2020年实际产量 Actual grain yield in 2020/(t· hm^-2)
甬优1540 Yongyou 1540	Ⅰ	125.5 ±0.8 a	202.3 ±3.0 c	253.3 ±2.9 c	512.4 ±21.2 d	93.4 ±2.3 a	23.29 ±0.07 c	11.14 ±0.12 cd	11.05 ±0.18 bc	11.09 ±0.21 b
	Ⅱ	123.2 ±1.2 b	209.1 ±3.1 a	265.6 ±2.6 a	555.4 ±18.9 a	93.5 ±1.9 a	23.41 ±0.02 ab	12.16 ±0.29 a	11.60 ±0.21 a	11.58 ±0.27 a
	Ⅲ	119.9 ±1.5 c	207.8 ±2.4 ab	263.1 ±2.7 ab	545.3 ±17.1 ab	92.0 ±1.6 ab	23.43 ±0.06 a	11.76 ±0.17 b	11.53 ±0.14 a	11.47 ±0.09 a
	Ⅳ	118.5 ±1.1 c	207.3 ±2.6 ab	258.7 ±3.9 bc	537.5 ±12.6 bc	89.7 ±2.4 bc	23.31 ±0.10 bc	11.23 ±0.14 c	11.20 ±0.26 b	11.17 ±0.15 b
	Ⅴ	116.2 ±1.3 d	206.4 ±3.2 b	256.4 ±2.4 c	529.3 ±13.2 c	88.1 ±1.7 c	23.28 ±0.04 c	10.86 ±0.18 d	10.83 ±0.19 c	10.79 ±0.17 c
	平均值 Average	120.7 ±3.7	206.6 ±2.6	259.4 ±5.0	536.0 ±16.3	91.3 ±2.4	23.34 ±0.07	11.43 ±0.52	11.24 ±0.32	11.22 ±0.31
	CV/%	3.1	1.2	1.9	3.0	2.6	0.3	4.5	2.9	2.8
泰两优217 Tailiangyou 217	Ⅰ	120.5 ±1.0 a	216.4 ±4.2 d	189.7 ±3.7 d	410.7 ±21.6 d	89.4 ±1.3 a	24.47 ±0.13 c	8.98 ±0.21 c	8.60 ±0.18 c	8.68 ±0.12 c
	Ⅱ	118.3 ±1.4 ab	222.4 ±4.0 c	198.5 ±5.5 c	441.4 ±17.3 c	87.8 ±2.1 b	24.67 ±0.14 b	9.55 ±0.18 b	9.29 ±0.35 b	9.35 ±0.24 a
	Ⅲ	116.5 ±1.5 bc	229.6 ±4.6 a	208.2 ±4.2 a	479.6 ±22.4 a	85.3 ±2.7 c	24.75 ±0.06 a	10.12 ±0.26 a	9.57 ±0.21 a	9.53 ±0.29 a
株高 Plant height/ cm	有效穗数 Number of productive panicles/ (×10⁴·hm^-2)	每穗粒数 Spikelets number per panicle	总颖花量 Total amount of spikelets/ (×10⁶·hm^-2)	结实率 Seed- setting rate/%	千粒重 1 000- grain weight/g	理论产量 Theoretical grain yield/ (t·hm^-2)	实际产量 Actual grain yield/ (t·hm^-2)
	Ⅳ	115.2 ±0.7 bc	230.4 ±3.7 a	201.0 ±2.9 bc	461.4 ±18.5 b	82.8 ±1.6 d	24.49 ±0.09 c	9.35 ±0.24 b	9.03 ±0.27 b	9.01 ±0.15 b
	Ⅴ	114.1 ±1.9 c	225.9 ±3.0 b	201.5 ±3.6 b	455.2 ±23.4 b	79.8 ±2.9 e	24.21 ±0.11 d	8.79 ±0.29 c	8.41 ±0.32 c	8.44 ±0.23 c
	平均值 Average	116.9 ±2.5	224.9 ±5.7	199.8 ±6.7	449.7 ±25.7	85.0 ±3.8	24.52 ±0.21	9.36 ±0.52	8.98 ±0.48	9.00 ±0.45
	CV/%	2.2	2.6	3.3	5.7	4.5	0.9	5.6	5.3	5.0
方差分析 Analysis of	播期 Sowing date	*	*	*	**	**	*	**	**	**
variance	品种	*	**	**	**	**	*	**	**	**
	Cultivar
	播期×品种	ns	*	*	*	ns	ns	**	**	**
	Sowing date ×Cultivar

品种 Cultivar	Y=at²+bt+c				Y_mean/ (t·hm^-2)	Y_max/ (t·hm^-2)	Y_mean/ Y_max/%	Y_0.98对应播期 Sowing date for Y_0.98	Y_max对应播期 Sowing date for Y_max
品种 Cultivar	a	b	c	R²	Y_mean/ (t·hm^-2)	Y_max/ (t·hm^-2)	Y_mean/ Y_max/%	Y_0.98对应播期 Sowing date for Y_0.98	Y_max对应播期 Sowing date for Y_max
甬优1540	-0.001 44	0.048 51	11.127 43	0.926 1^*	11.23	11.54	97.31	2021-05-02—	2021-05-14
Yongyou 1540								2021-05-26
泰两优217	-0.002 37	0.087 46	8.663 71	0.967 0^*	8.99	9.47	94.93	2021-05-09—	2021-05-16
Tailiangyou 217								2021-05-22

Response of grain yield and quality of high quality rice to climate factors at different sowing dates in southeastern Zhejiang Province, China

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品种 Cultivar	播期处理 Sowing date treatment	播种期 Sowing date	移栽期 Transplanting date	齐穗期 Full heading	成熟期 Maturity	播种- 齐穗期 S-F/d	齐穗- 成熟期 F-M/d	全生育期 Whole growth period/d
甬优1540	Ⅰ	2021-04-27	2021-05-23	2021-08-15	2021-09-29	110	45	155
Yongyou 1540	Ⅱ	2021-05-07	2021-06-02	2021-08-19	2021-10-06	104	48	152
	Ⅲ	2021-05-17	2021-06-12	2021-08-26	2021-10-14	101	49	150
	Ⅳ	2021-05-27	2021-06-22	2021-08-31	2021-10-20	96	50	146
	Ⅴ	2021-06-06	2021-07-02	2021-09-04	2021-10-25	90	51	141
	平均值Average					100.2	48.6	148.8
	CV/%					7.6	4.7	3.7
泰两优217	Ⅰ	2021-04-27	2021-05-23	2021-08-13	2021-09-20	108	38	146
Tailiangyou 217	Ⅱ	2021-05-07	2021-06-02	2021-08-18	2021-10-01	103	44	147
	Ⅲ	2021-05-17	2021-06-12	2021-08-25	2021-10-13	100	49	149
	Ⅳ	2021-05-27	2021-06-22	2021-09-03	2021-10-24	99	51	150
	Ⅴ	2021-06-06	2021-07-02	2021-09-12	2021-11-05	98	54	152
	平均值Average					101.6	47.2	148.8
	CV/%					4.0	13.3	1.6

品种 Cultivar	播期处理 Sowing date treatment	叶龄 Leaf age	苗高 Seedling height/cm	茎基宽 Stem base width/cm	每株茎叶干重 Dry weight of stem and leaf per plant/ mg	每株根干重 Dry weight of root per plant/ mg	根冠比 Root-shoot ratio	充实度 Plumpness/ (mg·cm^-1)
甬优1540	Ⅰ	3.14±0.25 d	13.35±1.51 a	0.22±0.02 b	16.33±2.39 d	6.33±1.35 c	0.39±0.01 b	1.22±0.08 c
Yongyou 1540	Ⅱ	3.62±0.37 c	15.15±2.42 b	0.25±0.01 ab	21.67±2.34 c	9.67±2.14 b	0.45±0.02 a	1.43±0.12 b
	Ⅲ	3.79±0.24 bc	18.83±3.11 c	0.27±0.03 a	28.33±2.65 b	11.00±2.09 a	0.39±0.02 b	1.51±0.18 a
	Ⅳ	4.10±0.35 ab	21.60±2.33 d	0.25±0.04 ab	31.10±3.27 a	10.90±1.97 a	0.35±0.04 c	1.44±0.07 b
	Ⅴ	4.30±0.29 a	23.10±3.41 e	0.24±0.05 ab	32.10±4.52 a	10.12±1.67 ab	0.32±0.02 d	1.39±0.16 b
	平均值Average	3.79±0.45	18.41±4.14	0.24±0.02	25.91±6.72	9.61±1.91	0.38±0.05	1.40±0.11
	CV/%	11.9	22.5	8.1	26.0	19.9	12.9	7.6
泰两优217	Ⅰ	2.73±0.14 c	12.94±2.68 a	0.24±0.04 b	14.01±2.68 d	7.03±2.10 c	0.50±0.02 a	1.08±0.21 d
Tailiangyou 217	Ⅱ	3.23±0.21 b	15.17±2.61 b	0.25±0.02 ab	19.67±3.49 c	8.91±1.56 b	0.45±0.01 b	1.30±0.18 c
	Ⅲ	3.44±0.30 b	17.84±3.13 c	0.26±0.02 ab	28.00±4.10 b	10.67±2.03 a	0.38±0.03 c	1.57±0.24 a
	Ⅳ	3.80±0.18 a	19.32±2.03 d	0.27±0.03 a	30.20±2.26 a	10.90±1.29 a	0.36±0.01 c	1.56±0.16 a
	Ⅴ	4.00±0.24 a	21.92±3.02 e	0.26±0.04 ab	31.10±3.23 a	11.02±1.58 a	0.35±0.05 c	1.42±0.19 b
	平均值Average	3.44±0.05	17.44±3.51	0.25±0.01	24.60±7.44	9.71±1.72	0.41±0.06	1.39±0.20
	CV/%	14.5	20.1	4.7	30.3	17.7	15.7	14.7

品种 Cultivar	播期处理 Sowing date treatment	落田苗 Basic seedlings number/ (×10⁴·hm^-2)	最高苗 The highest tillering number/ (×10⁴·hm^-2)	单株最大分蘖数 The max tillering number	有效穗数 Number of productive panicles/ (×10⁴·hm^-2)	茎蘖成穗率 Productive tiller percentage/%
甬优1540	Ⅰ	59.83±0.04 a	253.64±21.42 e	3.2±1.5 c	202.31±2.98 c	79.8±3.2 a
Yongyou 1540	Ⅱ	59.99±0.21 a	267.47±22.87 d	3.5±0.8 bc	209.07±3.12 a	78.2±1.5 ab
	Ⅲ	60.30±0.14 a	274.51±15.37 c	3.6±1.1 bc	207.81±2.37 ab	75.7±2.1 b
	Ⅳ	59.83±0.06 a	294.16±17.98 b	3.9±0.8 ab	207.28±2.59 ab	70.5±2.8 c
	Ⅴ	61.20±0.08 a	313.52±24.90 a	4.1±1.4 a	206.40±3.17 b	65.8±3.4 d
	平均值Average	60.23±0.58	280.66±23.47	3.7±0.4	206.57±2.57	74.0±5.8
	CV/%	1.0	8.4	9.8	1.2	7.8
泰两优217	Ⅰ	63.49±0.17 a	313.47±28.45 d	3.9±0.9 c	216.44±4.24 d	69.0±1.9 a
Tailiangyou 217	Ⅱ	64.99±0.08 a	334.11±19.99 c	4.1±1.1 bc	222.36±3.98 c	66.6±2.3 b
	Ⅲ	66.66±0.14 a	367.56±24.67 b	4.5±0.8 ab	229.58±4.57 a	62.5±2.0 c
	Ⅳ	68.33±0.11 a	386.02±26.98 a	4.6±1.2 a	230.37±3.65 a	59.7±2.8 d
	Ⅴ	65.33±0.09 a	373.88±29.26b	4.7±0.7 a	225.87±2.98 b	60.4±1.7 cd
	平均值Average	65.76±1.82	355.01±30.16	4.4±0.3	224.92±5.72	63.6±4.0
	CV/%	2.8	8.5	7.7	2.5	6.3

品种 Cultivar	播期处理 Sowing date treatment	播种-齐穗期S-F		齐穗-成熟期F-M		成熟期Maturing stage				茎叶输出率 OPDMSL /%	收获指数 Harvest index
品种 Cultivar	播期处理 Sowing date treatment	干物质积累量 DMA/(t· hm^-2)	群体生长率 PGR/(kg· hm^-2·d^-1)	干物质积累量 DMA/(t· hm^-2)	群体生长率 PGR/(kg· hm^-2·d^-1)	稻谷干重 DWOGY/ (t·hm^-2)	稻草干重 DWORS/ (t·hm^-2)	总干物质积累量 TDMA/ (t·hm^-2)	群体生长率 PGR/(kg· hm^-2·d^-1)	茎叶输出率 OPDMSL /%	收获指数 Harvest index
甬优1540	Ⅰ	11.33 a	103.04 c	7.56 ab	167.91 a	9.42 c	9.47 a	18.89 ab	121.87 d	16.42 c	0.499 d
Yongyou 1540	Ⅱ	11.18 a	107.46 c	7.78 a	162.17 b	9.92 a	9.04 b	18.96 a	124.74 c	19.14 ab	0.523 a
	Ⅲ	11.10 a	109.92 bc	7.57 ab	154.45 c	9.75 ab	8.93 b	18.67 bc	124.47 c	19.55 a	0.522 a
	Ⅳ	11.13 a	115.94 ab	7.42 b	148.40 d	9.51 bc	9.04 b	18.55 c	127.05 b	18.78 b	0.513 b
	Ⅴ	10.79 b	119.84 a	7.52 ab	147.53 d	9.28 c	9.03 b	18.31 d	129.86 a	16.31 c	0.507 c
	平均值	11.11	111.24	7.57	156.09	9.58	9.10	18.68	125.60	18.04	0.513
	Average
	CV/%	1.8	6.0	1.7	5.7	2.7	2.3	1.4	2.4	8.6	2.0
泰两优217	Ⅰ	10.04 b	92.92 c	5.73 b	150.92 a	7.52 c	8.25 a	15.77 b	108.01 ab	17.83 d	0.477 c
Tailiangyou 217	Ⅱ	10.10 b	98.08 b	6.19 a	140.62 b	8.07 ab	8.22 a	16.29 a	110.82 a	18.61 c	0.495 b
	Ⅲ	10.28 a	102.82 a	6.04 ab	123.23 c	8.26 a	8.06 b	16.32 a	109.53 a	21.60 b	0.506 a
	Ⅳ	10.19 ab	102.88 a	5.66 b	111.07 d	7.83 b	8.01 b	15.85 b	105.67 b	21.39 b	0.494 b
	Ⅴ	10.09 b	102.98 a	4.85 c	89.77 e	7.30 c	7.63 c	14.94 c	98.29 c	24.38 a	0.489 b
	平均值	10.14	99.94	5.69	123.12	7.80	8.03	15.83	106.46	20.76	0.492
	Average
	CV/%	0.9	4.4	9.1	19.6	5.0	3.1	3.5	4.7	12.6	2.1

品种 Cultivar	播期处理 Sowing date treatment	糙米率 Brown rice percentage/%	精米率 Milled rice percentage/%	整精米率 Head rice percentage/%	粒长 Kernal length/ mm	长宽比 Length- width ratio	垩白粒率 Chalky percentage/%	垩白度 Chalkiness/%	透明度 Transparency/ rank	碱消值 Alkali spreading value/rank	胶稠度 Gel consistency/ mm	直链淀粉含量 Amylose content/%	蛋白质含量 Protein content/%	综合判定等级 Comprehensive evaluation grade
甬优1540	Ⅰ	81.2 c	73.3 b	61.8 d	5.6 a	2.2 a	23 a	4.3 a	2 a	6.8 b	76 a	14.8 c	6.66 bc	3级 Grade 3
Yongyou 1540	Ⅱ	82.9 a	74.3 a	63.5 c	5.6 a	2.3 a	20 b	2.8 b	2 a	7.0 a	75 a	15.5 b	7.04 a	2级 Grade 2
	Ⅲ	82.0 b	73.6 ab	64.8 bc	5.7 a	2.3 a	18 b	2.6 bc	2 a	7.0 a	77 a	16.6 a	6.96 ab	2级 Grade 2
	Ⅳ	81.3 c	73.5 ab	65.8 ab	5.8 a	2.4 a	15 c	2.4 bc	2 a	6.8 b	76 a	16.7 a	6.65 bc	2级 Grade 2
	Ⅴ	80.1 d	71.6 c	66.4 a	5.8 a	2.4 a	14 c	2.1 c	2 a	6.7 b	76 a	17.1 a	6.54 c	2级 Grade 2
	CV/%	1.3	1.4	2.9	1.8	3.6	20.4	30.1	0	2.0	0.9	5.9	3.2	/
泰两优217	Ⅰ	79.8 b	69.1 b	51.7 e	6.8 a	3.2 a	12 a	1.3 a	2 a	5.2 a	79 a	13.2 c	6.78 c	普通级 General
Tailiangyou 217	Ⅱ	80.0 b	71.1 a	55.6 d	6.7 a	3.1 a	10 ab	1.2 ab	2 a	4.7 b	80 a	14.0 bc	7.18 ab	普通级 General
	Ⅲ	81.4 a	71.3 a	62.4 c	6.6 a	3.1 a	9 bc	1.1 b	2 a	4.8 ab	78 a	14.8 ab	7.29 a	普通级 General
	Ⅳ	79.5 bc	69.6 b	63.9 b	6.7 a	3.0 a	7 cd	0.7 c	1 b	4.9 ab	80 a	15.4 a	7.12 ab	3级 Grade 3
	Ⅴ	78.9 c	68.1 c	64.9 a	6.6 a	3.1 a	6 d	0.5 d	1 b	5.0 ab	79 a	15.6 a	7.01 b	3级 Grade 3
	CV/%	1.2	1.9	9.7	1.3	2.3	27.1	35.8	34.2	3.9	1.1	6.8	2.7	/

品种 Cultivar	播期处理 Sowing date treatment	播种-齐穗期 S-F					齐穗-成熟期 F-M					全生育期Whole growth period					有效积温生产效率 PEEAT/(kg· hm^-2·℃^-1·d^-1)
品种 Cultivar	播期处理 Sowing date treatment	日均温 MDT/℃	平均气温日较差 MDTR/℃	有效积温 EAT/ (℃·d)	日照时数 SH/h	降雨量 RA/mm	日均温 MDT/℃	平均气温日较差 MDTR/℃	有效积温 EAT/ (℃·d)	日照时数 SH/h	降雨量 RA/mm	日均温 MDT/℃	平均气温日较差 MDTR/℃	有效积温 EAT/ (℃·d)	日照时数 SH/h	降雨量 RA/mm	有效积温生产效率 PEEAT/(kg· hm^-2·℃^-1·d^-1)
甬优1540	Ⅰ	25.8	7.86	1 713.5	589.6	1 236.6	27.1	9.32	806.3	344.8	125.1	26.2	8.33	2 519.8	934.4	1 361.7	4.36
Yongyou 1540	Ⅱ	26.3	7.56	1 748.6	544.9	1 218.9	27.9	9.67	823.2	384.0	110.9	26.8	8.28	2 571.8	928.9	1 329.8	4.46
	Ⅲ	26.6	7.52	1 690.0	542.1	1 151.9	26.8	8.98	821.2	361.5	165.8	26.6	8.05	2 511.2	903.6	1 317.7	4.61
	Ⅳ	27.3	7.89	1 678.1	584.2	987.8	25.5	8.39	777.4	322.4	181.9	26.7	8.12	2 455.5	906.6	1 169.7	4.55
	Ⅴ	27.7	8.12	1 615.1	582.2	900.2	24.4	7.95	734.1	300.5	192.6	26.5	8.11	2 349.2	882.7	1 092.8	4.71
	平均值	26.7	7.79	1 689.1	568.6	1 099.1	26.3	8.86	792.4	342.6	155.3	26.6	8.18	2 481.5	911.2	1 254.3	4.54
	Average
	CV/%	2.9	3.2	2.9	4.1	13.5	5.3	7.8	4.7	9.5	23.0	0.9	1.5	3.4	2.3	9.3	3.0
泰两优217	Ⅰ	25.7	7.88	1 497.1	583.0	1 128.2	27.9	8.56	603.2	262.7	232.7	26.3	8.11	2 100.3	845.7	1 360.9	4.13
Tailiangyou 217	Ⅱ	26.3	7.54	1 488.9	537.2	1 218.9	27.6	9.24	686.2	348.9	109.7	26.7	8.19	2 175.1	886.1	1 328.6	4.30
	Ⅲ	26.5	7.50	1 469.2	532.4	1 151.9	26.8	9.27	726.5	366.1	153.5	26.6	8.06	2 195.7	898.5	1 305.4	4.34
	Ⅳ	27.3	8.01	1 534.0	612.4	990.8	24.6	7.93	642.9	302.8	192.6	26.4	8.04	2 176.9	915.2	1 183.4	4.13
	Ⅴ	27.8	8.07	1 562.1	630.2	912.9	22.5	7.95	566.8	297.9	207.2	25.9	8.08	2 128.9	928.1	1 120.1	3.96
	平均值	26.7	7.80	1 510.3	579.0	1 080.5	25.9	8.59	645.1	315.7	179.1	26.4	8.10	2 155.4	894.7	1 259.7	4.17
	Average
	CV/%	3.1	3.4	2.5	7.6	11.6	8.8	7.7	9.9	13.2	26.9	1.2	0.7	1.8	3.5	8.2	3.7

品种 Cultivar	生育时期 Growth stage	气候因子 Climatic factors	有效穗数 Number of productive panicles	每穗粒数 Spikelets number per panicle	结实率 Seed-setting rate	千粒重 1 000-grain weight	产量 Grain yield
甬优1540	播种-齐穗期	日均温MDT	0.377	-0.052	-0.967^**	-0.328	-0.441
Yongyou 1540	S-F	平均气温日较差MDTR	-0.463	-0.788	-0.744	-0.946^*	-0.969^**
		有效积温EAT	0.102	0.862^*	0.934^*	0.560	0.748
		日照时数SH	-0.725	0.925^*	-0.434	-0.978^**	-0.883^*
		降雨量RA	-0.174	0.262	0.697	0.514	0.616
	齐穗-成熟期	日均温MDT	0.069	0.477	0.980^**	0.649	0.868^*
	F-M	平均气温日较差MDTR	0.006	0.414	0.985^**	0.577	0.901^*
		有效积温EAT	0.137	0.535	0.923^*	0.758	0.953^**
		日照时数SH	0.329	0.829^*	0.891^*	0.828	0.920^*
		降雨量RA	0.116	-0.258	-0.932^*	-0.366	-0.510
	全生育期	日均温MDT	0.969^**	0.855^*	-0.106	0.582	0.622
	Whole growth	平均气温日较差MDTR	-0.466	-0.219	0.699	-0.181	0.006
	period	有效积温EAT	0.120	0.506	0.951^**	0.661	0.913^*
		日照时数SH	-0.288	0.069	0.913^*	0.211	0.830^*
		降雨量RA	-0.186	0.255	0.782	0.542	0.627
泰两优217	播种-齐穗期	日均温MDT	0.678	0.519	-0.986^**	-0.596	-0.293
Tailiangyou 217	S-F	平均气温日较差MDTR	-0.002	0.322	-0.572	-0.911^*	-0.860^*
		有效积温EAT	0.181	-0.068	-0.787	-0.922^*	-0.762
		日照时数SH	0.086	-0.214	-0.673	-0.930^*	-0.820
		降雨量RA	-0.375	-0.136	0.806	0.804	0.662
	齐穗-成熟期	日均温MDT	-0.525	-0.363	0.976^**	0.760	0.860^*
	F-M	平均气温日较差MDTR	-0.162	0.187	0.659	0.961	0.853^*
		有效积温EAT	0.373	0.539	0.375	0.964^**	0.995^**
		日照时数SH	0.539	0.782	-0.007	0.722	0.871^*
		降雨量RA	-0.271	-0.467	-0.191	-0.696	-0.781
	全生育期	日均温MDT	-0.076	0.174	0.639	0.963^**	0.898^*
	Whole growth	平均气温日较差MDTR	-0.630	-0.422	0.578	0.240	0.080
	period	有效积温EAT	0.774	0.907^*	-0.140	0.684	0.886^*
		日照时数SH	0.826	0.831^*	-0.937^*	-0.337	-0.002
		降雨量RA	-0.582	-0.384	0.776	0.713	0.439

品种 Cultivar	生育时期 Growth stage	气候因子 Climatic factors	糙米率 Brown rice percentage	精米率 Milled rice percentage	整精米率 Head rice percentage	垩白粒率 Chalky percentage	垩白度 Chalkiness	碱消值 Alkali spreading value	胶稠度 Gel consistency	直链淀粉含量 Amylose content	蛋白质含量 Protein content
甬优1540	灌浆前期	日均温MDT	0.732	0.519	-0.677	0.699	0.390	0.634	-0.478	-0.655	0.692
Yongyou	Early grain	日均最高气温MAXT	0.563	0.555	-0.904^*	0.883^*	0.685	0.465	-0.542	-0.894^*	0.506
1540	filling period	日均最低气温MINT	0.761	0.300	0.132	0.000	-0.380	0.746	0.000	0.157	0.787
		平均气温日较差MDTR	0.496	0.535	-0.937^*	0.902^*	0.880^*	0.397	-0.554	-0.930^*	0.435
		有效积温EAT	0.735	0.546	-0.707	0.747	0.446	0.658	-0.398	-0.683	0.704
		日照时数SH	0.568	0.550	-0.906^*	0.908^*	0.909^*	0.492	-0.439	-0.888^*	0.524
		降雨量RA	-0.511	-0.492	0.823	-0.815	-0.628	-0.381	0.672	0.818	-0.439
	灌浆后期	日均温MDT	0.633	0.840	-0.847	0.936^*	0.778	0.646	-0.140	-0.823	0.617
	Late grain	日均最高气温MAXT	0.700	0.899^*	-0.789	-0.896^*	0.708	0.718	-0.120	-0.821	0.688
	filling period	日均最低气温MINT	0.591	0.813	-0.893^*	0.949^*	0.810	0.608	-0.119	-0.896^*	0.576
		平均气温日较差MDTR	0.887^*	0.963^**	-0.482	0.640	0.360	0.917^*	-0.055	-0.535	0.889^*
		有效积温EAT	0.922^*	0.973^**	-0.401	0.562	0.259	0.946^*	-0.069	-0.457	0.923^*
		日照时数SH	0.934^*	0.813	-0.072	0.251	-0.088	0.963^**	-0.002	-0.133	0.948^*
		降雨量RA	-0.688	-0.953^*	0.574	-0.715	-0.551	-0.743	-0.019	-0.635	-0.689
	灌浆期	日均温MDT	0.676	0.836	-0.843	0.936^*	0.750	0.683	-0.159	-0.804	0.660
	Grain filling	日均最高气温MAXT	0.697	0.851	-0.844	0.927^*	0.730	0.691	-0.219	-0.809	0.675
	period	日均最低气温MINT	0.619	0.832	-0.851	0.940^*	0.788	0.635	-0.126	-0.855	0.604
		平均气温日较差MDTR	0.799	0.867	-0.792	0.864	0.607	0.760	-0.346	-0.819	0.765
		有效积温EAT	0.943^*	0.952^*	-0.482	0.630	0.309	0.950^*	-0.134	-0.529	0.938^*
		日照时数SH	0.951^*	0.899^*	-0.550	0.673	0.332	0.929^*	-0.244	-0.581	0.936^*
		降雨量RA	-0.637	-0.705	0.897^*	-0.894^*	-0.689	-0.548	0.544	0.912^*	-0.578
泰两优217	灌浆前期	日均温MDT	0.812	0.833	-0.723	0.173	0.604	-0.379	-0.045	-0.756	0.154
Tailiangyou	Early grain	日均最高气温MAXT	0.902^*	0.653	-0.854	-0.071	0.373	-0.377	0.077	-0.840	-0.013
217	filling period	日均最低气温MINT	0.709	0.786	-0.601	0.199	0.576	-0.227	-0.006	-0.648	0.150
		平均气温日较差MDTR	0.499	0.097	-0.550	-0.284	-0.058	-0.286	-0.049	-0.493	-0.171
		有效积温EAT	0.870	0.837	-0.722	0.176	0.607	-0.391	-0.037	-0.753	0.161
		日照时数SH	0.548	0.231	-0.489	-0.106	0.124	-0.420	-0.085	-0.453	-0.024
		降雨量RA	-0.531	-0.508	-0.237	-0.596	0.532	0.911^*	-0.348	-0.326	-0.788
	灌浆后期	日均温MDT	0.747	0.642	-0.858	-0.086	0.379	-0.123	-0.089	-0.899^*	-0.131
	Late grain	日均最高气温MAXT	0.787	0.889^*	-0.798	0.035	0.488	-0.226	-0.104	-0.842	-0.010
	filling period	日均最低气温MINT	0.687	0.545	-0.901^*	-0.205	0.264	-0.007	-0.071	-0.940^*	-0.250
		平均气温日较差MDTR	0.879^*	0.985^**	-0.142	0.885^*	0.969^**	-0.800	-0.161	-0.183	0.730
		有效积温EAT	0.520	0.891^*	0.177	0.913^*	0.987^**	-0.779	-0.232	-0.121	0.897^*
		日照时数SH	0.323	0.739	0.458	0.989^**	0.917^*	-0.791	-0.186	-0.418	0.952^*
		降雨量RA	-0.690	-0.821	0.559	-0.305	-0.685	0.313	0.275	0.638	-0.200
	灌浆期	日均温MDT	0.776	0.677	-0.846	-0.051	0.412	-0.166	-0.063	-0.883^*	-0.086
	Grain filling	日均最高气温MAXT	0.817	0.715	-0.832	-0.003	0.459	-0.242	-0.069	-0.846	-0.029
	period	日均最低气温MINT	0.723	0.614	-0.806	0.125	0.337	-0.068	-0.044	-0.904^*	-0.166
		平均气温日较差MDTR	0.923^*	0.846	-0.582	0.321	0.689	-0.677	-0.088	-0.590	0.351
		有效积温EAT	0.672	0.964^**	-0.063	0.793	0.976^**	-0.745	-0.200	-0.117	0.883^*
		日照时数SH	0.542	0.815	0.242	0.917^*	0.943^*	-0.944^*	-0.216	0.218	0.916^*
		降雨量RA	-0.805	-0.846	0.046	-0.684	-0.804	0.975^**	-0.188	0.002	-0.810

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