Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis ›› 2023, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (12): 2794-2808.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20221710

• Animal Science • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Identification and functional analysis of key candidate genes for milk fat metabolism in dairy cattle

LI Yanyan1(), BU Jianhua2, HAN Liyun1, WANG Chuanchuan3, MU Tong3,*()   

  1. 1. Ningxia Agricultural Reclamation Helan Mountain Dairy Co., Ltd., Yinchuan 750205, China
    2. Ningxia Agriculture and Forestry and Animal Husbandry Technology Extension Service Center, Yinchuan 750024, China
    3. Agricultural College, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
  • Received:2022-11-29 Online:2023-12-25 Published:2023-12-27

Abstract:

In order to deeply explore the key candidate genes affecting milk fat metabolism in Holstein cows, this study used real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) to examine the tissue expression profiles of 15 candidate differential genes obtained by transcriptome and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) in the previous phase. After the key candidate genes for milk fat metabolism were identified, their localization in primary dairy mammary epithelial cells (BMECs) was examined, and clonal sequencing and functional analysis were performed. Results showed that the expression levels of ENPP2, PI4K2A, CTSH and PTPRR genes were higher in breast tissue than in other tissues, respectively, while the expression of PI4K2A and CTSH were at higher levels in both breast tissue and primary BMECs compared to other genes. The results of qRT-PCR combined with sequencing of the transcriptome finally identified PI4K2A as a key candidate gene regulating milk fat synthesis in dairy cows, mainly expressed in the cytoplasm of BMECs. Clone sequencing study revealed that the CDS (coding sequence) region of the cow PI4K2A gene was 1 440 bp in length and encoded 479 amino acids. Structural and functional analysis showed that PI4K2A was a non-secretory and unstable hydrophilic protein containing 40 phosphorylation sites with abundant post-translational modifications. Both the secondary and tertiary structure of PI4K2A protein were predominantly random coil, followed by α-helix, and was highly conserved across species. This study identified PI4K2A as an important candidate gene for milk fat metabolism in dairy cow, providing theoretical basis for the study of the molecular regulation mechanism of milk fat metabolism in dairy cow.

Key words: Holstein dairy cattle, candidate gene, milk fat, PI4K2A, real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction

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