Abstract: Rapid development of genetically modification (GM) industry made GM food appear on the table from the laboratory, thus the safety of GM food received worldwide concerns, which involves trade barriers and human health. In this paper, the methods of safety assessment of the transgenic plants and food derived from transgenic plants were discussed according to the connotation and extension of food safety, and foreign genes, genetic modification and unintended effects were analyzed on the basis of substantial equivalence principle. Framework of food safety assessment of GM\|plants was described systematically, which will be a reference to Chinese GM plants safety evaluation and government supervision．

Key words: transgenic plants, genetic modification, security evaluation, allergenicity, natural toxins