Characteristics of bacterial communities in saline-alkali soil of Lycium barbarum fields in Ningxia of China and screening of culturable halotolerant/haloalkaliphilic bacteria

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20250418

Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis ›› 2026, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (8): 1648-1659.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20250418

• Environmental Science • Previous Articles Next Articles

Characteristics of bacterial communities in saline-alkali soil of Lycium barbarum fields in Ningxia of China and screening of culturable halotolerant/haloalkaliphilic bacteria

ZHANG Siyi¹^,²(), LU Li², CHEN Zhaoliang², LYU Weiguang²^,³^,⁴, ZHANG Hanlin²^,³^,⁴, LI Shuangxi²^,³^,⁴, ZHANG Tinglin⁵, SUN Lijuan², BAI Naling²^,³^,⁴^,^*()

¹ College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
² Eco-Environmental Protection Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China
³ Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Green Agriculture in Southeastern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai 201403, China
⁴ Shanghai Monitoring Station of Agricultural Environment, Shanghai 201403, China
⁵ Agricultural Technology Extension Service Center of Qingpu District, Shanghai City, Shanghai 201799, China

Received:2025-06-02 Online:2026-08-25 Published:2026-09-14

Abstract

Abstract:

In this study, soil samples were collected from saline-alkali land in a wolfberry (Lycium barbarum) planting base in Ningxia, China. High-throughput sequencing was performed to analyze the characteristics of soil bacterial communities. Under the moderate saline-alkali culture condition (NaCl mass fraction of 8% and pH value of 8.5), the dilution plate coating method was adopted to isolate and purify culturable saline-alkali halotolerant/haloalkaliphilic bacteria from the soil samples. The taxonomic status of the obtained strains was identified, and their saline-alkali tolerance characteristics were determined. Furthermore, the biological characteristics and salt-alkali amelioration functions of the optimal strain were systematically investigated. The results showed that the dominant bacterial phyla in the saline-alkali soil samples were Actinobacteriota, Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi, and Gemmatimonadota. A total of 12 saline-alkali halotolerant/haloalkaliphilic strains were screened from the soil samples under moderate saline-alkali conditions. Among them, Bacillus haynesii nx-11 strain could grow under high-salt conditions (NaCl mass fraction of 8%-18%) or high-alkaline conditions (pH value of 9.0-12.0). Halobacillus andaensis nx-9 strain exhibited the strongest saline-alkali tolerance. It not only survived well under individual high-salt or high-alkaline environments, but also grew vigorously under combined high saline-alkali conditions (NaCl mass fraction of 8%-16%, pH value of 8.5-10.0). Its alkali reduction rate ranged from 12.17% to 18.25%, and its salt reduction rate was 4.88%-12.02%. This study enriches the understanding of microbial community characteristics in saline-alkali soils of Ningxia and provides valuable microbial resources for the biological improvement of saline-alkali land.

Key words: saline-alkali soil, biodiversity, halotolerant / haloalkaliphilic bacteria, high-throughput sequencing, isolation and screening

CLC Number:

S154.3

ZHANG Siyi, LU Li, CHEN Zhaoliang, LYU Weiguang, ZHANG Hanlin, LI Shuangxi, ZHANG Tinglin, SUN Lijuan, BAI Naling. Characteristics of bacterial communities in saline-alkali soil of Lycium barbarum fields in Ningxia of China and screening of culturable halotolerant/haloalkaliphilic bacteria[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2026, 38(8): 1648-1659.

Figures/Tables 8

References 48

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菌株 Strain	不同NaCl质量分数下菌液的D₆₀₀值 D₆₀₀ values of bacterial suspensions under different mass fractions of NaCl
菌株 Strain	8%	10%	12%	14%	16%	18%	20%
nx-1	1.046	0.723	0.728	0.654	0.518	—	—
nx-2	0.812	0.604	—	—	—	—	—
nx-3	0.752	0.842	0.532	0.233	—	—	—
nx-4	0.501	—	—	—	—	—	—
nx-5	0.334	0.719	0.574	0.364	—	—	—
nx-6	0.872	0.765	0.835	0.505	—	—	—
nx-7	0.791	0.729	0.641	0.512	—	—	—
nx-8	0.808	0.753	0.587	0.412	—	—	—
nx-9	1.068	1.037	1.083	0.872	0.524	0.378	—
nx-10	1.079	1.192	0.848	0.500	—	—	—
nx-11	1.054	0.747	0.641	0.659	0.524	0.215	—
nx-12	0.823	0.581	0.771	0.616	0.663	—	—

菌株 Strain	不同NaCl质量分数下菌液的D₆₀₀值 D₆₀₀ values of bacterial suspensions under different mass fractions of NaCl
菌株 Strain	8%	10%	12%	14%	16%	18%	20%
nx-1	1.046	0.723	0.728	0.654	0.518	—	—
nx-2	0.812	0.604	—	—	—	—	—
nx-3	0.752	0.842	0.532	0.233	—	—	—
nx-4	0.501	—	—	—	—	—	—
nx-5	0.334	0.719	0.574	0.364	—	—	—
nx-6	0.872	0.765	0.835	0.505	—	—	—
nx-7	0.791	0.729	0.641	0.512	—	—	—
nx-8	0.808	0.753	0.587	0.412	—	—	—
nx-9	1.068	1.037	1.083	0.872	0.524	0.378	—
nx-10	1.079	1.192	0.848	0.500	—	—	—
nx-11	1.054	0.747	0.641	0.659	0.524	0.215	—
nx-12	0.823	0.581	0.771	0.616	0.663	—	—

菌株 Strain	不同pH值条件下菌液的D₆₀₀值 D₆₀₀ values of bacterial suspensions under different pH value
菌株 Strain	7.0	9.0	10.0	11.0	12.0	13.0
nx-1	0.627	0.749	0.935	0.978	0.553	—
nx-2	0.701	0.679	0.824	1.023	0.907	—
nx-3	—	0.789	0.815	0.765	0.323	—
nx-4	0.501	0.245	—	—	—	—
nx-5	—	0.652	0.822	0.881	0.312	—
nx-6	0.612	0.744	1.021	0.915	0.739	—
nx-7	0.703	0.779	0.801	0.448	—	—
nx-8	0.673	0.546	0.531	0.537	—	—
nx-9	—	0.929	0.789	0.683	0.657	—
nx-10	0.738	0.816	1.034	0.976	0.904	—
nx-11	0.766	0.785	1.116	1.037	0.908	—
nx-12	0.516	0.608	0.804	—	—	—

菌株 Strain	不同pH值条件下菌液的D₆₀₀值 D₆₀₀ values of bacterial suspensions under different pH value
菌株 Strain	7.0	9.0	10.0	11.0	12.0	13.0
nx-1	0.627	0.749	0.935	0.978	0.553	—
nx-2	0.701	0.679	0.824	1.023	0.907	—
nx-3	—	0.789	0.815	0.765	0.323	—
nx-4	0.501	0.245	—	—	—	—
nx-5	—	0.652	0.822	0.881	0.312	—
nx-6	0.612	0.744	1.021	0.915	0.739	—
nx-7	0.703	0.779	0.801	0.448	—	—
nx-8	0.673	0.546	0.531	0.537	—	—
nx-9	—	0.929	0.789	0.683	0.657	—
nx-10	0.738	0.816	1.034	0.976	0.904	—
nx-11	0.766	0.785	1.116	1.037	0.908	—
nx-12	0.516	0.608	0.804	—	—	—

菌株 Strain	不同条件下菌液的D₆₀₀值D₆₀₀ values of bacterial suspensions under different conditions
菌株 Strain	8%+8.5	8%+9.5	10%+8.5	10%+9.5	14%+9.0	14%+10.0	16%+9.0	16%+10.0
nx-1	0.589	0.956	0.833	0.674	—	—	—	—
nx-2	0.791	0.848	0.912	0.876	—	—	—	—
nx-3	0.639	0.871	0.536	0.805	—	—	—	—
nx-4	0.227	0.541	0.369	—	—	—	—	—
nx-5	0.696	0.927	0.701	0.848	—	—	—	—
nx-6	0.766	0.804	0.523	—	—	—	—	—
nx-7	0.703	0.812	0.659	0.663	—	—	—	—
nx-8	0.645	0.859	0.812	0.708	—	—	—	—
nx-9	1.085	0.947	1.143	0.806	0.541	0.607	0.235	0.209
nx-10	0.717	0.831	0.824	0.809	—	—	—	—
nx-11	0.589	1.006	0.823	0.605	—	—	—	—
nx-12	0.518	0.391	0.216	—	—	—	—	—

Characteristics of bacterial communities in saline-alkali soil of Lycium barbarum fields in Ningxia of China and screening of culturable halotolerant/haloalkaliphilic bacteria

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酶Enzyme	结果Results	酶Enzyme	结果Results
碱性磷酸酶Alkaline phosphatase	+	酸性磷酸酶Acid phosphatase	-
酯酶(C4)Esterase (C4)	weak	萘酚-AS-BI-磷酸水解酶Naphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase	weak
类脂酯酶(C8)Lipase (C8)	weak	α-半乳糖苷酶α-Galactosidase	-
类脂酯酶(C14)Lipase (C14)	-	β-半乳糖苷酶β-Galactosidase	+
亮氨酸芳胺酶Leucine arylamidase	-	β-葡萄糖醛酸苷酶β-Glucuronidase	-
缬氨酸芳胺酶Valine arylamidase	-	α-葡萄糖苷酶α-Glucosidase	+
胱氨酸芳胺酶Cystine arylamidase	-	β-葡萄糖苷酶β-Glucosidase	-
胰蛋白酶Trypsin	-	N-乙酰-葡萄糖胺酶N-Acetylglucosaminidase	-
α-胰凝乳蛋白酶α-Chymotrypsin	-	α-岩藻糖苷酶α-Fucosidase	-

底物 Substrate	结果 Results	底物 Substrate	结果 Results	底物 Substrate	结果 Results
甘油Glycerol	weak	甘露醇Mannitol	weak	D-蜜三糖D-Melitriose	+
赤藓醇Erythritol	-	山梨醇Sorbitol	-	棉子糖Raffinose	+
D-阿拉伯糖D-Arabinose	-	α-甲基-D-甘露糖苷α-Methyl-D-mannoside	-	糖原Glycogen	+
L-阿拉伯糖L-Arabinose	-	α-甲基-D-葡萄糖苷α-Methyl-D-glucoside	-	木糖醇Xylitol	-
核糖Ribose	-	N-乙酰葡糖胺N-Acetylglucosamine	+	β-龙胆二糖β-Gentiobiose	-
D-木糖D-Xylose	weak	苦杏仁苷Amygdalin	-	D-松二糖D-Panose	-
L-木糖L-Xylose	-	熊果苷Arbutin	-	D-来苏糖D-Lyxose	-
核糖醇Adonitol	-	七叶苷Esculin	+	D-塔格糖D-Tagatose	-
β-甲基-木糖苷β-Methyl-xyloside	-	水杨苷Salicin	-	D-岩藻糖D-Fucose	-
半乳糖Galactose	+	纤维二糖Cellobiose	-	L-岩藻糖L-Fucose	-
D-葡萄糖D-Glucose	+	麦芽糖Maltose	+	D-阿拉伯醇D-Arabitol	-
D-果糖D-Fructose	+	乳糖Lactose	-	L-阿拉伯醇L-Arabitol	-
D-甘露糖D-Mannose	+	蜜二糖Melibiose	+	葡萄糖酸Gluconic acid	-
L-山梨糖L-Sorbose	-	蔗糖Sucrose	+	2-酮基-葡萄糖酸2-Ketogluconic acid	-
鼠李糖Rhamnose	-	海藻糖Trehalose	+	5-酮基-葡萄糖酸5-Ketogluconic acid	-
半乳糖醇Galactitol	-	菊糖Inulin	+
肌醇Myo-inositol	-	松三糖Melezitose	+

[1]	WANG Feng, CHAI Weigang, ZHU Shijun, LIU Jian, YAO Hongyan, JIN Shuquan. Effect of different organic materials and application depth on soil improvement and crop growth in coastal farmland [J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2026, 38(6): 1246-1257.
[2]	WEI Xinhang, ZHOU Quan, LI Yani, CHEN Weiliang, MAO Bizeng. Effect of bio-organic fertilizer on microbial community structure in rhizosphere of Curcuma wenyujin [J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2025, 37(4): 892-900.
[3]	XU Weidong, LU Qiang, YAO Zhangliang, WANG Hui, WANG Ruisen, LANG Shuping. Response of diversity characteristics of summer weeds in rice fields to different rotation patterns [J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2025, 37(10): 2138-2149.
[4]	TANG Jinyu, HUANG Fuyong, DAI Yangxin, LOU Bao, GUO Shuirong. The temporal characteristic of plankton community and their relationship with shrimp growth in the co-cultural farming of rice and redclaw crayfish (Cherax quadricarinatus) [J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2024, 36(7): 1537-1547.
[5]	HUANG Rong, MENG Qingxin, WU Xiaoman, XUN Lijie, ZHANG Junli, DONG Xia, DONG Kun, GONG Xueyang. Diversity analysis of endophytic fungi in the pedicels of two tree-age Camellia reticulate [J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2024, 36(5): 1076-1085.
[6]	LYU Qian, LUO Qiao, LUO Xue, CHEN Jiubing, MA Li, LUO Zhengzhong, YAO Xueping, YU Shumin, SHEN Liuhong, CAO Suizhong. Analysis of microbial community difference between sand and rubber bedding in dairy farm by high throughput sequencing technology [J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2022, 34(7): 1377-1385.
[7]	ZHOU Wenzhi, LI Suyan, SUN Xiangyang, LI Xiaochong, ZHA Guichao, WEI Ningxian. Effects of different materials on leaching characteristics of salinity in coastal saline-alkali soil [J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2022, 34(7): 1485-1492.
[8]	SUI Xiran, WANG Yan, LIU Yungen, ZHANG Yajie, WU Lifang. Responses of soil nutrients and microbial community to altitude in typical Pinus yunnanensis forest at rocky desertification region [J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2021, 33(12): 2348-2357.
[9]	YANG Yibin, AI Xiaohui, SONG Yi, DONG Jing, XU Ning, JIANG Lan. Preliminary study on hemolytic ascites disease of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco [J]. , 2019, 31(8): 1239-1248.
[10]	ZHOU Wenzhi, SUN Xiangyang, LI Suyan, ZHANG Le. Ameliorative effect of bioorganic material on coastal saline soil [J]. , 2019, 31(4): 607-615.
[11]	ZHANG Bowei, WANG Haijing, SONG Maoyong, XIE Huijun, ZHANG Jian. Effect of tetrabromobisphenol A on inorganic nitrogen transformation in soil and its possible microbiological mechanism [J]. , 2019, 31(4): 639-645.
[12]	WANG Weike, SONG Jiling, WU Youliang, YAN Jing, LU Na, YUAN Weidong, CHEN Guanping. Molecular identification and genetic diversity of a traditional Chinese medicinal fungus Sanghuang [J]. , 2019, 31(2): 307-314.
[13]	XU Xiaofeng, GUO Cheng. Changes of rumen bacterial flora after starch induced milk fat depression in dairy cows [J]. , 2019, 31(10): 1591-1598.
[14]	GUI Guohong, YANG Hua, ZHU Jiangqun, ZHU Jianfeng, XIAO Yingping, XU E. Study on microbial community structure in chilled chicken during cold storage [J]. , 2019, 31(1): 47-55.
[15]	LIU Zongnan, WANG Xin, WU Yifei, YAO Xiaohong, SUN Hong, SHEN Qi, LI Weilin, TANG Jiangwu. Microbial ecological process of polluted urban river purified by Iris tectorum combined with immobilized bacteria [J]. , 2019, 31(1): 121-129.