不同有机肥对高接温州蜜柑衰弱树体生长、养分吸收和产品质量的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2019.11.13

浙江农业学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (11): 1871-1879.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2019.11.13

不同有机肥对高接温州蜜柑衰弱树体生长、养分吸收和产品质量的影响

李永杰¹, 易时来², 高恒锦¹, 朱潇婷³, 覃宇⁴, 金国强^1,*

1.浙江省临海市柑橘产业技术协同创新中心,浙江临海 317000;
2.西南大学/中国农业科学院柑桔研究所,重庆 400712;
3.临海市特产技术推广总站,浙江临海 317000;
4.澳地美农业科技(重庆)有限公司,重庆 404500

收稿日期:2019-01-17 出版日期:2019-11-25 发布日期:2019-12-04
通讯作者: *,金国强,E-mail: 1939097093@qq.com
作者简介:李永杰(1989—),安徽蚌埠人,硕士,主要从事柑橘栽培技术研究应用。E-mail: 3316809612@qq.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0700602,2016YFD0200104); 重庆市社会事业保障与民生科技创新专项(cstc2016shmszx80006, cstc2017shms-kjfp80036)

Effects of different characteristic organic fertilizers on premature senescence tree's growth,quality,yield and nutrition status of top grafting Satsuma mandarin

LI Yongjie¹, YI Shilai², GAO Hengjin¹, ZHU Xiaoting³, QIN Yu⁴, JIN Guoqiang^1,*

1. Co-Innovation Center of Citrus Industrial Technology in Linhai, Linhai 317000,China;
2. Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University/Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing 400712, China;
3. Station of Popularizing Speciality Technology in Linhai, Linhai 317000, China;
4. Aodimei Agricultural Technology (Chongqing) Co. Ltd., Chongqing 404500, China

Received:2019-01-17 Online:2019-11-25 Published:2019-12-04

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为减轻温州蜜柑树势早衰对树体产量、品质尤其对果农收入的负面影响,以大分温州蜜柑为试材,开展不同有机肥对其衰弱树势恢复的试验研究,结果表明,与对照(CK,未施有机肥)相比,大分春梢和秋梢生长量存在显著性差异,并且与不同有机肥和施肥量有关,其中以株施5 kg馕播王-复合微生物肥(HF)处理的综合表现最佳,2017年春梢和秋梢平均长度分别比对照高10.0%和19.3%,秋梢数量增加了1.87倍。2018年处理的春梢数量显著比上一年少,但有机肥处理的仍明显高于对照。有机肥施用后,果实个数和产量均增加,2018年达到显著性差异。2017年和2018年对产量影响最显著的分别是HF和10 kg馕播王-复合微生物肥(NF)处理,比对照分别增加了20.1%和127.0%。有机肥对大分果实内部品质影响显著,10 kg尚呈生物有机肥(SC)处理的可溶性固形物(TSS)含量和固酸比(TSS/TA)与对照相比均差异显著。有机肥施用后显著提高了春梢叶片钾(K)含量,除此之外,对春、秋梢枝条和秋梢叶片中氮(N)、磷(P)和钾(K)含量的影响规律不明显;相对而言,NF和奥地美有机肥料(AF)处理组的春、秋梢中大多养分指标高于对照,但增效不显著;果皮中各有机肥处理组的N和K含量均显著低于对照,NF和AF组的P含量最高,为0.57 g·kg^-1。各处理间的果肉N和K含量差异不显著,但对照组的P含量极显著高于AF、SC和HF。CK处理的土壤有效氮和有效磷含量均显著低于各有机肥处理。年株产8.04 kg(高接第三年)的大分温州蜜柑果实N、P 和K养分吸收量分别为20.43、1.79和14.18 g,而当年生枝梢果的N、P和K的吸收量则分别为42.00、3.02和20.70 g。

关键词: 温州蜜柑, 树体衰弱, 有机肥, 产品质量, 养分吸收

Abstract: In order to alleviate the negative impact of Satsuma mandarin premature aging on citrus tree growth, yield and quality, different organic fertilizers were applied to investigate their effects on the restoration of weak tree growth. The results showed that organic fertilizer promoted the growth of spring and autumn shoots in varying degrees. The treatment of 5 kg Nangbowang compound microbial fertilizer(HF)behaved better compared with other groups,the average length of annual spring shoots and autumn shoots increased by 10.0% and 19.3% compared with the control,in 2017,and the number of autumn shoots was 1.87 times over the control. In 2018,the amount of spring shoots of each organic fertilizer treatment group was significantly higher than the control,as the number and the yield of fruits also reached significant difference. Compared with the fruit yield of CK, the HF and 10 kg microbial fertilizer (NF) treatments were 20.1% and 127.0% higher in 2017 and 2018,respectively. It is noteworthy that there was no significant change in citrus yield of the control group during the two years. The organic fertilizer could also enhanced the soluble solids (TSS) content,the TSS value and the solid acid ratio (TSS/TA) of 10 kg Shangcheng biological organic fertilizer (SC) treatment were also higher than other organic fertilizers. Moreover,application of organic fertilizer could also significantly promoted the total potassium(K)absorption of spring leaves,but the variation regularity of nitrogen (N),phosphorus (P) and K content were complicated in other tissues or a certain treatment. In general,the 10 kg Aodimei organic fertilizer(AF)treatment have higher effect on nutrient content. Compared with CK,organic fertilizer and microbial fertilizer could increase available N,P contents in soil. In the third year after high grafting,the absorption amount of N, P and K was 20.43, 1.79 and 14.18 g in fruits with the yield of 8.04 kg per plant per year, while in the shoots and fruit of the year,the values was 42.00, 3.02 and 20.70 g,respectively,which would be helpful to agricultural production.

Key words: Satsuma mandarin, premature senescence, organic fertilizer, quality tree vigor, nutrient uptake

中图分类号:

S666.1

李永杰, 易时来, 高恒锦, 朱潇婷, 覃宇, 金国强. 不同有机肥对高接温州蜜柑衰弱树体生长、养分吸收和产品质量的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2019, 31(11): 1871-1879.

LI Yongjie, YI Shilai, GAO Hengjin, ZHU Xiaoting, QIN Yu, JIN Guoqiang. Effects of different characteristic organic fertilizers on premature senescence tree's growth,quality,yield and nutrition status of top grafting Satsuma mandarin[J]. , 2019, 31(11): 1871-1879.

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不同有机肥对高接温州蜜柑衰弱树体生长、养分吸收和产品质量的影响

Effects of different characteristic organic fertilizers on premature senescence tree's growth,quality,yield and nutrition status of top grafting Satsuma mandarin

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