滴灌施用有机液肥对红美人柑橘园土壤环境、柑橘产量、品质和经济效益的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2021.04.12

浙江农业学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (4): 670-677.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2021.04.12

滴灌施用有机液肥对红美人柑橘园土壤环境、柑橘产量、品质和经济效益的影响

奚辉¹(), 李国雷²^,^*(), 陶安安³, 顾品⁴, 韩东道⁵, 李娜¹, 陈喜靖¹

1.浙江省农业科学院环境资源与土壤肥料研究所,浙江杭州 310021
2.象山县农业技术推广中心,浙江象山 315700
3.象山县农产品质量检测中心,浙江象山 315700
4.象山甬红果蔬有限公司,浙江象山 315736
5.宁波半岛沐歌生物科技有限公司,浙江象山 315702

收稿日期:2020-09-24 出版日期:2021-04-25 发布日期:2021-04-25
通讯作者: 李国雷
作者简介:*李国雷,E-mail:xslgl@163.com
奚辉(1978—),男,浙江三门人,硕士,助理研究员,主要从事水肥一体化技术研究与推广工作。E-mail:xhui78@163.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0201508);宁波市公益类科技计划(2019C10081)

Effect of drip fertigation with organic liquid fertilizer on soil environment, fruit yield, quality, and economic benefits of citrus cv. beni madonna

XI Hui¹(), LI Guolei²^,^*(), TAO An’an³, GU Pin⁴, HAN Dongdao⁵, LI Na¹, CHEN Xijing¹

1. Institute of Environment, Resource, Soil and Fertilizer, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
2. Agricultural Technology Extension Center of Xiangshan County, Xiangshan 315700, China
3. Agricultural Product Quality Inspection Center of Xiangshan County, Xiangshan 315700, China
4. Xiangshan Yonghong Fruit and Vegetable Co., Ltd., Xiangshan 315736, China
5. Ningbo Peninsula Muge Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Xiangshan 315702, China

Received:2020-09-24 Online:2021-04-25 Published:2021-04-25
Contact: LI Guolei

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以红美人柑橘的需肥特性为基础,研究以沼液和腐烂柑橘发酵净化液为基础原料配制而成的有机液肥滴灌对红美人柑橘园土壤环境、柑橘产量、品质和经济效益的影响。试验设4个处理:CK,不施肥;F1,农民习惯施肥(复合肥撒施, N 480 kg·hm^-2,P₂O₅ 480 kg·hm^-2,K₂O 480 kg·hm^-2);F2,纯化肥配方肥滴灌施肥(N 480 kg·hm^-2,P₂O₅ 180 kg·hm^-2,K₂O 540 kg·hm^-2);F3,有机液肥滴灌施肥(N 400 kg·hm^-2,P₂O₅ 120 kg·hm^-2,K₂O 380 kg·hm^-2)。结果显示:不同施肥管理均可以提高土壤肥力,增加柑橘产量和经济效益,但易导致土壤酸化,有机质含量降低。与F1和F2处理相比,F3处理能提高土壤pH值,减轻土壤酸化,增加经济效益6.73%~25.39%,对果实品质无明显不利影响。虽然滴灌施用有机液肥可以减少化学肥料投入量,提高土壤肥力,减轻土壤酸化,满足红美人柑橘生长需求,并带来较高的产量和经济效益,但生产上仍应补施有机肥。

关键词: 有机液肥, 滴灌, 土壤环境, 经济效益

Abstract:

Based on the nutritional requirement, the organic liquid fertilizer made from biogas, rotting citrus and chemical fertilizers, was drip fertigated to test its effect on soil fertility, fruit yield and economic income of citrus cv. beni madonna. Four treatments were set: CK, no fertilization; F1, traditional fertilization (spread application, N 480 kg·hm^-2, P₂O₅ 480 kg·hm^-2, K₂O 480 kg·hm^-2); F2, balanced chemical fertilization (N 480 kg·hm^-2, P₂O₅ 180 kg·hm^-2, K₂O 540 kg·hm^-2, drip fertigation); F3, organic liquid fertilization (N 400 kg·hm^-2, P₂O₅ 120 kg·hm^-2, K₂O 380 kg·hm^-2, drip fertigation). The results showed that fertilization could enhance soil fertility, increase citrus fruit yield and economic income, but would decrease soil pH and soil organic matter content. Compared with F1 and F2 treatments, it achieved higher soil pH, and increased economic income by 6.73%-25.39% under F3 treatment. Besides, there was no significant difference on fruit quality within treatments. Although drip fertigation with organic liquid fertilizer could reduce fertilizer input, improve soil fertility, elevate soil pH, and increase the fruit yield and economic income, addition of other organic fertilizers should be well considered.

Key words: organic liquid fertilizer, drip irrigation, soil environment, economic income

中图分类号:

S606⁺.2

奚辉, 李国雷, 陶安安, 顾品, 韩东道, 李娜, 陈喜靖. 滴灌施用有机液肥对红美人柑橘园土壤环境、柑橘产量、品质和经济效益的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2021, 33(4): 670-677.

XI Hui, LI Guolei, TAO An’an, GU Pin, HAN Dongdao, LI Na, CHEN Xijing. Effect of drip fertigation with organic liquid fertilizer on soil environment, fruit yield, quality, and economic benefits of citrus cv. beni madonna[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2021, 33(4): 670-677.

图/表 6

参考文献 13

[1]	杨荣曦, 徐阳, 洪丹丹, 等. ‘红美人’杂柑特性及栽培技术要点[J]. 浙江柑橘, 2014,31(2):18-19.
	YANG R X, XU Y, HONG D D, et al. Characteristics and cultivation techniques of Hongmeiren citrus[J]. Zhejiang Citrus, 2014,31(2):18-19.(in Chinese)
[2]	黄振东, 王鹏, 徐建国, 等. 浙东地区‘红美人’杂柑果实品质与土壤和叶片养分的关系[J]. 果树学报, 2020,37(1):88-97.
	HUANG Z D, WANG P, XU J G, et al. Relationship between fruit quality and nutrients in soil and leaves of ‘Hongmeiren’ citrus hybrid cultivated in eastern Zhejiang Province[J]. Journal of Fruit Science, 2020,37(1):88-97.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[3]	鲁剑巍, 陈防, 王富华, 等. 湖北省柑橘园土壤养分分级研究[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2002,8(4):390-394.
	LU J W, CHEN F, WANG F H, et al. Study of classification of the soil nutrient status of citrus orchard in Hubei Province[J]. Plant Nutrition and Fertilizing Science, 2002,8(4):390-394.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[4]	李国怀, 刘娟旭. 施钾肥对温州蜜柑果实发育、裂果和品质的影响[J]. 果树科学, 1999,16(1):43-46.
	LI G H, LIU J X. Effect of applying potassium fertilizer on the fruit development, splitting and quality of Satsuma[J]. Journal of Fruit Science, 1999,16(1):43-46.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[5]	刘运武. 施用氮肥对温州蜜柑产量和品质的影响[J]. 土壤学报, 1998,35(1):124-128.
	LIU Y W. Influence of N application on yield and quality of Wenzhou mandarin[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 1998,35(1):124-128.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[6]	DASBERG S. Nitrogen fertilization in citrus orchards[J]. Plant and Soil, 1987,100(1/2/3):1-9.
[7]	雷靖, 梁珊珊, 谭启玲, 等. 我国柑橘氮磷钾肥用量及减施潜力[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2019,25(9):1504-1513.
	LEI J, LIANG S S, TAN Q L, et al. NPK fertilization rates and reducing potential in the main citrus producing regions of China[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2019,25(9):1504-1513.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[8]	鲍士旦. 土壤农化分析[M]. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2000.
[9]	黄昌勇, 徐建明. 土壤学[M]. 3版. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2010.
[10]	鲁剑巍, 陈防, 王运华, 等. 氮磷钾肥对红壤地区幼龄柑橘生长发育和果实产量及品质的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2004,10(4):413-418.
	LU J W, CHEN F, WANG Y H, et al. Effect of N, P, K fertilization on young citrus tree growth, fruit yield and quality in area of red soil[J]. Plant Nutrition and Fertilizing Science, 2004,10(4):413-418.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[11]	赵佐平, 同延安, 高义民, 等. 不同肥料配比对富士苹果产量及品质的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2009,15(5):1130-1135.
	ZHAO Z P, TONG Y A, GAO Y M, et al. Effect of different fertilization on yield and quality of Fuji apple[J]. Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science, 2009,15(5):1130-1135.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[12]	CARRANCA C F, BAETA J, FRAGOSO M A C. Effect of NK fertilization on leaf nutrient content and fruit quality of ‘Valencia late’ orange trees[M]// Optimization of plant nutrition. Dordrecht, Netherlands: Springer Netherlands, 1993: 445-448.
[13]	邢英英, 张富仓, 张燕, 等. 滴灌施肥水肥耦合对温室番茄产量、品质和水氮利用的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2015,48(4):713-726.
	XING Y Y, ZHANG F C, ZHANG Y, et al. Effect of irrigation and fertilizer coupling on greenhouse tomato yield, quality, water and nitrogen utilization under fertigation[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2015,48(4):713-726.(in Chinese with English abstract)

年份 Year	处理 Treatment	单果重 Fruit weight/g	单株挂果数 Fruit number per tree	产量 Yield/(t·hm^-2)
2018	CK	255.37±11.85 b	51.8±12.8 a	13.78±2.83 a
	F1	278.47±5.73 a	49.8±16.3 a	14.62±5.04 a
	F2	266.81±6.04 ab	60.0±7.9 a	16.76±2.01 a
	F3	266.27±14.75 ab	65.4±6.7 a	18.24±1.15 a
2019	CK	202.16±40.55 a	118.1±25.5 b	24.39±1.72 b
	F1	138.28±15.58 b	287.6±81.5 a	41.15±10.03 a
	F2	213.93±12.18 a	158.5±15.4 b	35.56±3.18 ab
	F3	196.72±14.31 a	187.1±52.4 b	38.15±7.88 a

年份 Year	处理 Treatment	单果重 Fruit weight/g	单株挂果数 Fruit number per tree	产量 Yield/(t·hm^-2)
2018	CK	255.37±11.85 b	51.8±12.8 a	13.78±2.83 a
	F1	278.47±5.73 a	49.8±16.3 a	14.62±5.04 a
	F2	266.81±6.04 ab	60.0±7.9 a	16.76±2.01 a
	F3	266.27±14.75 ab	65.4±6.7 a	18.24±1.15 a
2019	CK	202.16±40.55 a	118.1±25.5 b	24.39±1.72 b
	F1	138.28±15.58 b	287.6±81.5 a	41.15±10.03 a
	F2	213.93±12.18 a	158.5±15.4 b	35.56±3.18 ab
	F3	196.72±14.31 a	187.1±52.4 b	38.15±7.88 a

年份 Year	处理 Treatment	产量 Yield/ (t·hm^-2)	单价 Price/ (yuan·kg^-1)	产值 Product value/ (10⁴ yuan·hm^-2)	肥料成本 Fertilizer cost/ (10⁴ yuan·hm^-2)	收益 Income/ (10⁴ yuan·hm^-2)
2018	CK	13.78	30.0	41.34	0	41.34
	F1	14.62	30.0	43.86	1.02	42.84
	F2	16.76	30.0	50.28	1.20	49.08
	F3	18.24	30.0	54.72	1.86	52.86
2019	CK	24.39	30.0	73.17	0	73.17
	F1	41.15	25.0	102.88	1.02	101.86
	F2	35.56	30.0	106.68	1.20	105.48
	F3	38.15	30.0	114.45	1.86	112.59

年份 Year	处理 Treatment	产量 Yield/ (t·hm^-2)	单价 Price/ (yuan·kg^-1)	产值 Product value/ (10⁴ yuan·hm^-2)	肥料成本 Fertilizer cost/ (10⁴ yuan·hm^-2)	收益 Income/ (10⁴ yuan·hm^-2)
2018	CK	13.78	30.0	41.34	0	41.34
	F1	14.62	30.0	43.86	1.02	42.84
	F2	16.76	30.0	50.28	1.20	49.08
	F3	18.24	30.0	54.72	1.86	52.86
2019	CK	24.39	30.0	73.17	0	73.17
	F1	41.15	25.0	102.88	1.02	101.86
	F2	35.56	30.0	106.68	1.20	105.48
	F3	38.15	30.0	114.45	1.86	112.59

[1]	姚钊, 王重阳, 崔静. 小麦不同穗位籽粒灌浆特性的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2021, 33(4): 576-585.
[2]	王潭刚, 孙婷, 王冀川, 李慧琴, 高振, 石元强. 播期和密度对滴灌冬小麦群体结构与抗倒特性的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2021, 33(2): 193-202.
[3]	俞明涛, 张科锋. 基于HYDRUS-2D软件的土壤水力特征参数反演及间接地下滴灌的土壤水分运动模拟[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2019, 31(3): 458-468.
[4]	李媛媛, 杨恒山, 张瑞富, 范秀艳, 李金琴, 柳宝林, 德力格尔. 浅埋滴灌条件下不同灌水量对春玉米干物质积累与转运的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2017, 29(8): 1234-1242.
[5]	刘芳, 韩丹, 赵铭钦, 李小勇, 管成伟. 微生物菌剂配施腐殖酸钾对植烟土壤改良及烤烟经济效益的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2017, 29(7): 1064-1069.
[6]	倪中应, 石一珺, 谢国雄, 章明奎. 杭州市典型设施栽培土壤环境质量调查[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2017, 29(12): 2091-2096.
[7]	安巧霞，孙三民*，徐镕，顾凯凯，赵京浩，马金阳，蔡虹. 间接地下滴灌水盐运移影响因素研究[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2016, 28(5): 843-.
[8]	周锦连1，陈建明2，*，王来亮3，张珏锋2，马雅敏3，王斌4，钟海英2. 敌磺钠对单季茭白产量和效益的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2016, 28(4): 624-.
[9]	查良玉1，李毅念1，王兆烨1，张蕾1，王姝欢1，秦琴1，卞新民2，*. 秸秆机械集中沟埋还田的经济效益分析 [J]. 浙江农业学报, 2015, 27(3): 467-.
[10]	李刚1，田伟1，杨志慧2，汪贞1，张爱国1，刘明庆1，张纪兵1，*. 有机肥施用量对马铃薯品质和土壤环境的影响 [J]. 浙江农业学报, 2014, 26(6): 1573-.
[11]	徐象华1，朱国华2，颜福花3，*. 山地无籽瓯柑栽培经济效益分析[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2014, 26(4): 920-.
[12]	颜丽菊;任海英;戚行江;*;朱潇婷;朱建军;朱敏华. 防虫帐防控杨梅果蝇及改善果实品质的研究[J]. , 2014, 26(2): 0-398402.
[13]	姜玉萍;杨晓峰;张兆辉;陈春宏;王良军*. 生物炭对土壤环境及作物生长影响的研究进展[J]. , 2013, 25(2): 0-415.
[14]	吴根良;忻雅;*;童建新;童英富 . 不同前作对设施草莓土壤环境动态变化和经济效益的影响[J]. , 2012, 24(2): 0-237.
[15]	薛智勇;孟赐福;吕晓男;吴崇书;滕淳茜. 红壤地区水稻土施硫对水稻的增产效应[J]. , 2002, 14(3): 0-149.

滴灌施用有机液肥对红美人柑橘园土壤环境、柑橘产量、品质和经济效益的影响

Effect of drip fertigation with organic liquid fertilizer on soil environment, fruit yield, quality, and economic benefits of citrus cv. beni madonna

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 6

参考文献 13

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

处理 Treatment	养分 Nutrient	施用量Input/(kg·hm^-2)
		3月下旬	4月下旬	5月中下旬	6月下旬	8月中下旬	9月中下旬	合计
		Late March	Late April	Mid to late May	Late June	Mid to late August	Mid to late September	Total
CK	N	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	P₂O₅	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	K₂O	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
F1	N	80	80	80	80	80	80	480
	P₂O₅	80	80	80	80	80	80	480
	K₂O	80	80	80	80	80	80	480
F2	N	90	90	90	70	70	70	480
	P₂O₅	30	30	30	30	30	30	180
	K₂O	80	80	80	100	100	100	540
F3	N	90	90	60	60	50	50	400
	P₂O₅	20	20	20	20	20	20	120
	K₂O	40	40	70	70	80	80	380