基于时序PolSAR影像与决策树模型的油菜物候期识别

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2021.11.14

浙江农业学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (11): 2116-2127.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2021.11.14

基于时序PolSAR影像与决策树模型的油菜物候期识别

李诗涛^a(), 张王菲^b^,^*(), 赵丽仙^b, 王熙媛^b

a.西南林业大学地理与生态旅游学院,云南昆明 650224
b.西南林业大学林学院,云南昆明 650224

收稿日期:2020-12-15 出版日期:2021-11-25 发布日期:2021-11-26
通讯作者: 张王菲
作者简介:*张王菲,E-mail: mekmzwf@163.com
李诗涛(1994—),男,湖南吉首人,硕士,主要从事农业微波遥感应用研究。E-mail: lst_123@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(31860240);国家自然科学基金(42161059);云南省万人计划青年拔尖人才(80201444);云南省教育厅科学研究基金(2019J0182)

Phenological period identification of oilseed rape based on time-series PolSAR image and decision tree model

LI Shitao^a(), ZHANG Wangfei^b^,^*(), ZHAO Lixian^b, WANG Xiyuan^b

a. School of Geography and Ecotourism, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
b. Forest College, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China

Received:2020-12-15 Online:2021-11-25 Published:2021-11-26
Contact: ZHANG Wangfei

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

作物物候期识别是农情遥感监测的重要内容,及时准确识别作物物候期,对有效评估作物生长趋势、提高农情信息化管理水平有重要意义。提出了基于时间序列全极化合成孔径雷达(polarimetric synthetic aperture radar, PolSAR)数据结合决策树模型的油菜物候期识别方法。首先,采用3种极化分解方法提取PolSAR极化参数,并分析各极化参数对油菜物候期的动态响应规律;其次,基于各极化分解方法提取的参数建立决策树模型,并对油菜物候期进行分类识别;最后,采用基于混淆矩阵的方法对油菜物候期识别结果进行精度评价。采用5期Radarsat-2 PolSAR数据和地面物候观测数据进行实验验证。结果表明:提取的PolSAR参数中对物候期变化较为敏感的参数有H/A/alpha分解中的散射角(Alpha)、特征值(L2、L3)、伪熵(P2)、目标方位角(Beta1)参数,Freeman-Durden分解中的地面散射(Ground)和奇次散射(Odd)参数,Yamaguchi分解中的奇次散射(Odd_Y)和螺旋体散射(Helix)参数;决策树模型对油菜物候期识别结果较为准确,识别结果中组合3种极化分解方法提取参数建立的原始决策树模型分类总体精度最高,达94%。总体上,PolSAR极化分解参数对油菜物候期变化比较敏感,决策树模型能有效识别油菜物候期。

关键词: 油菜, 物候期识别, Radarsat-2, 极化分解, 决策树

Abstract:

Crop phenological period identification plays an important role in agricultural condition monitoring. Timely and accurate crop phenological period identification is of great significance for evaluating crop growth trend and improving the agricultural information management level effectively.In this study, we selected oilseed rape as an example and proposed a crop phenological period identification method through polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (PolSAR) data and decision tree algorithms. First, polarimetric SAR parameters were extracted through three popular polarimetric decomposition methods. Their dynamic responses to oilseed rape phenological periods were also analyzed. Then, the parameters extracted by the three polarimetric decomposition methods were used to train and validate the decision tree models, five oilseed rape phenological periods were identified. Finally, confusion matrices were used to verify feasibility of the constructed decision models.The results showed that polarimetric SAR decomposition parameters, including scattering angle(Alpha), eigenvalue(L2, L3), pseudo-entropy(P2) and target azimuth (Beta1) parameters from H/A/alpha decomposition method; ground scattering (Ground) and odd scattering (Odd) parameters from Freeman-Durden decomposition method; odd scattering (Odd_Y) and helix scattering (Helix) parameters from Yamaguchi decomposition method showed great sensitivity to changes of oilseed rape phenological period.The decision tree models were more accurate to classify the phenology of rapeseed. Among the results, primitive decision tree model established based on the combination of extracted parameters from three polarimetric decomposition methods had the highest classification accuracy, the overall classification accuracy was 94%. The results also showed the sensitivity of PolSAR parameters to phenological changes of oilseed rape and the effectiveness of decision tree model in identification of oilseed rape phenological period.

Key words: rape, phenological identification, Radarsat-2, polarimetric decomposition, decision-tree

中图分类号:

S565.4
TP75

李诗涛, 张王菲, 赵丽仙, 王熙媛. 基于时序PolSAR影像与决策树模型的油菜物候期识别[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2021, 33(11): 2116-2127.

LI Shitao, ZHANG Wangfei, ZHAO Lixian, WANG Xiyuan. Phenological period identification of oilseed rape based on time-series PolSAR image and decision tree model[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2021, 33(11): 2116-2127.

图/表 10

参考文献 27

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生长发育时期 Growth period	播后时间 Days after sowing/d	物候阶段 Phenological phase
苗期Growth period	1-15	S1
蕾薹期Grey moss period	16-39	S2
花期Flowering period	40-63	S3
角果成熟期Ripening stage of pod	64-87	S4
成熟衰落期Maturity and decay period	88-110	S5

生长发育时期 Growth period	播后时间 Days after sowing/d	物候阶段 Phenological phase
苗期Growth period	1-15	S1
蕾薹期Grey moss period	16-39	S2
花期Flowering period	40-63	S3
角果成熟期Ripening stage of pod	64-87	S4
成熟衰落期Maturity and decay period	88-110	S5

分解方法 Decomposition methods	分解参数 Decomposition parameters	描述 Description
H/A/alpha分解 H/A/alpha decomposition	Alpha、Anisotropy、Entropy、 Lambda (Span)	基于H/A/alpha的参数:目标散射角、反熵、散射熵、散射特征值(功率) Parameters based on H/A/alpha: target scattering angle, inverse entropy, scattering entropy, scattering eigenvalue (power)
	Alpha1、Alpha2、Alpha3;Beta1、 Beta2、Beta3;Delta1、Delta2、 Delta3;Gamma1、Gamma2、 Gamma3	基于特征向量的参数:3种散射机制对应的散射角,目标方位角,相位角差 Parameters based on eigenvectors: scattering angles corresponding to the three scattering mechanisms, target azimuth, phase angle difference
	L1、L2、L3;P1、P2、P3;Pedestal; RVI	基于特征值的参数:3种散射机制对应的特征值,3种散射机制对应的熵,极化特征的基准高度,雷达植被指数 Parameters based on eigenvalues: eigenvalues corresponding to the three scattering mechanisms, entropy corresponding to the three scattering mechanisms, reference height of the polarization characteristics, radar vegetation index (RVI)
Freeman-Durden 二、三分量分解 Freeman-Durden two-and three-component decomposition	Ground、Canopy、Odd、Dbl、Vol	地面散射、冠层散射分量、奇次散射、偶次散射与体散射分量 Ground scattering, canopy scattering component, odd scattering, even scattering and volume scattering component
Yamaguchi四分量分解 Yamaguchi four- component decomposition	Odd_Y、Dbl_Y、Vol_Y、Helix	奇次散射、偶次散射、体散射与螺旋体散射分量 Odd scattering, even scattering, volume scattering and helix scattering components

分解方法 Decomposition methods	分解参数 Decomposition parameters	描述 Description
H/A/alpha分解 H/A/alpha decomposition	Alpha、Anisotropy、Entropy、 Lambda (Span)	基于H/A/alpha的参数:目标散射角、反熵、散射熵、散射特征值(功率) Parameters based on H/A/alpha: target scattering angle, inverse entropy, scattering entropy, scattering eigenvalue (power)
	Alpha1、Alpha2、Alpha3;Beta1、 Beta2、Beta3;Delta1、Delta2、 Delta3;Gamma1、Gamma2、 Gamma3	基于特征向量的参数:3种散射机制对应的散射角,目标方位角,相位角差 Parameters based on eigenvectors: scattering angles corresponding to the three scattering mechanisms, target azimuth, phase angle difference
	L1、L2、L3;P1、P2、P3;Pedestal; RVI	基于特征值的参数:3种散射机制对应的特征值,3种散射机制对应的熵,极化特征的基准高度,雷达植被指数 Parameters based on eigenvalues: eigenvalues corresponding to the three scattering mechanisms, entropy corresponding to the three scattering mechanisms, reference height of the polarization characteristics, radar vegetation index (RVI)
Freeman-Durden 二、三分量分解 Freeman-Durden two-and three-component decomposition	Ground、Canopy、Odd、Dbl、Vol	地面散射、冠层散射分量、奇次散射、偶次散射与体散射分量 Ground scattering, canopy scattering component, odd scattering, even scattering and volume scattering component
Yamaguchi四分量分解 Yamaguchi four- component decomposition	Odd_Y、Dbl_Y、Vol_Y、Helix	奇次散射、偶次散射、体散射与螺旋体散射分量 Odd scattering, even scattering, volume scattering and helix scattering components

精度Accuracy	S1	S2	S3	S4	S5
制图精度	90.28	95.79	94.74	94.74	89.47
Mapping accuracy
用户精度	94.20	92.86	90.90	97.83	90.42
User accuracy

基于时序PolSAR影像与决策树模型的油菜物候期识别

Phenological period identification of oilseed rape based on time-series PolSAR image and decision tree model

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图/表 10

参考文献 27

相关文章 15

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物候期 Phenological phase	S1	S2	S3	S4	S5	总计 Total
S1	65	7	0	0	0	72
S2	4	91	0	0	0	95
S3	0	0	90	0	5	95
S4	0	0	1	90	4	95
S5	0	0	8	2	85	95
总计Total	69	98	99	92	94

决策树模型 Decision tree model	极化分解方法Polarization decomposition method
决策树模型 Decision tree model	Freeman-Durden分解 Freeman decomposition	Yamaguchi分解 Yamaguchi decomposition	H/A/alpha分解 H/A/alpha decomposition	3种分解组合 Three kinds of decomposition synthesis
原始决策树Primitive decision tree	89.45	89.34	93.40	94.00
minleaf决策树Minleaf decision tree	82.96	84.87	88.63	89.54
剪枝决策树Pruning decision tree	86.13	87.83	92.21	91.61

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