秋季桑园喷水对保幼激素类农药影响家蚕原种繁育的效果

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2022.04.08

浙江农业学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (4): 720-726.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2022.04.08

秋季桑园喷水对保幼激素类农药影响家蚕原种繁育的效果

杨继芬(), 杨文, 杜伟, 廖鹏飞, 刘永辉, 白红英, 丁志伟, 董占鹏()

云南省农业科学院蚕桑蜜蜂研究所,云南蒙自 661101

收稿日期:2021-08-02 出版日期:2022-04-25 发布日期:2022-04-28
通讯作者: 董占鹏
作者简介:*董占鹏,E-mail: scsdong@163.com
杨继芬(1978—),女,云南楚雄人,高级实验师,从事家蚕种质资源改良与蚕种繁育推广研究。E-mail: yangjifen194@163.com
基金资助:
国家蚕桑产业技术体系红河综合试验站专项(CARS18);向仲怀院士工作站(2019IC025);云南省科技重点研发(农业领域)专项(202102AE090010)

Effect of spraying water to mulberry in autumn on breeding of Bombyx mori original species by juvenile hormone pesticide pollution

YANG Jifen(), YANG Wen, DU Wei, LIAO Pengfei, LIU Yonghui, BAI Hongying, DING Zhiwei, DONG Zhanpeng()

Sericultural and Apicultural Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Mengzi 661101, Yunnan, China

Received:2021-08-02 Online:2022-04-25 Published:2022-04-28
Contact: DONG Zhanpeng

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

保幼激素类农药会造成家蚕(Bombyx mori)慢性中毒,使蚕种繁育蒙受经济损失。为了解桑园喷水能否降低保幼激素类农药对原种繁育的影响。从原原种出库开始至上蔟结束,每天下午对桑树喷水30 min,以喷湿全株、桑叶全部向下滴水为宜。收蚁后,采摘喷水桑叶饲喂的12个品系的原原种,调查饲喂喷水桑叶对家蚕体重、龄期经过、结茧率、交配率与产卵等重要性状的影响。结果表明:饲喂经喷水处理的桑叶,对12个品系的家蚕原原种龄期发育经过、健蛹率、茧质、交配率、卵质成绩产生了不同程度的影响,其中,对卵质成绩和健蛹率成绩影响较显著。对12个品系原原种的影响程度为:云夏4A>云夏4B>云抗1号中A>云抗1号中B>云抗1号日B>皓月A>云夏3B>皓月B>云抗1号日A>云夏3A>菁松B>菁松A。因此,在有保幼激素类农药污染的蚕区繁育原种,选择雨水较多的夏季繁育,秋季桑园采取喷水可以降低保幼激素类农药对原种繁育的风险,提高原种繁育系数。

关键词: 喷水, 家蚕, 农药污染, 桑树, 交配率, 卵质

Abstract:

Juvenile hormone pesticides can cause chronic poisoning of silkworm (Bombyx mori), causing great economic losses to producing eggs of silkworm. To know whether spraying water in mulberry orchard can reduce the effect of juvenile hormone pesticide on the producing parent eggs of silkworm, mulberry tree was sprayed with water for 30 minutes every afternoon at the degree that the whole plant was wet and all the leaves were dripping water, from the beginning of the grandparent silkworm of F₁ hybrid out of the warehouse to the end of cocooning. The 12 strains of grandparent silkworm of F₁ hybrid were raised by mulberry leaves picked after spraying water treatment at the beginning of silkworm rearing, and the effects of mulberry leaves fed with water spraying on the body weight, instar course, cocoon formation rate, mating rate and oviposition of Bombyx mori were investigated. Test results indicated that after feeding the mulberry leaves treated with water spraying, the development process, healthy pupa rate, cocoon quality, mating rate and egg quality of the 12 strains of grandparent silkworm of F₁ hybrid were affected to different degrees, and the egg quality score and healthy pupa rate were affected obviously. The degree of influence was as follows: Yunxia 4A>Yunxia 4B>Yunkang 1 ZhongA>Yunkang 1 ZhongB>Yunkang 1 Ri B>Haoyue A>Yunxia 3B>Haoyue B>Yunkang 1 Ri A>Yunxia 3A>Jingsong B>Jingsong A. Therefore, in silkworm areas contaminated by juvenile hormone pesticides, producing parent eggs of silkworm in summer with more rain and in autumn with water spraying could reduce the breeding risk of juvenile hormone pesticides and improve the breeding coefficient.

Key words: water spraying, Bombyx mori, pesticide pollution, mulberry, mating rate, egg quality

中图分类号:

S883

杨继芬, 杨文, 杜伟, 廖鹏飞, 刘永辉, 白红英, 丁志伟, 董占鹏. 秋季桑园喷水对保幼激素类农药影响家蚕原种繁育的效果[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2022, 34(4): 720-726.

YANG Jifen, YANG Wen, DU Wei, LIAO Pengfei, LIU Yonghui, BAI Hongying, DING Zhiwei, DONG Zhanpeng. Effect of spraying water to mulberry in autumn on breeding of Bombyx mori original species by juvenile hormone pesticide pollution[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2022, 34(4): 720-726.

图/表 4

表1 喷水饲育对家蚕原原种发育经过的影响

Table 1 Effect of spraying water on development of Bombyx mori original species

品系 Strain	1龄 1st insta(d:h)		2龄 2nd instar(d:h)		3龄 3rd instar(d:h)		4龄 4th instar(d:h)		5龄 5th instar(d:h)		全龄 All instars(d:h)
品系 Strain	对照 Control	喷水 Water spraying	对照 Control	喷水 Water spraying	对照 Control	喷水 Water spraying	对照 Control	喷水 Water spraying	对照 Control	喷水 Water spraying	对照 Control	喷水 Water spraying
云抗1号中A	4:07	4:07	3:14	3:10	4:10	4:06	6:04	6:00	7:20	7:12	26:07	25:11
Yunkang 1 Zhong A
云抗1号中B	4:07	4:07	3:14	3:10	4:10	4:06	6:04	6:00	8:06	7:18	26:13	25:13
Yunkang 1 Zhong B
云抗1号日A	4:07	4:07	3:17	3:13	4:14	4:10	6:08	6:04	8:08	8:00	27:06	26:10
Yunkang 1 Ri A
云抗1号日B	4:07	4:07	3:17	3:13	4:14	4:10	6:08	6:04	8:08	8:00	27:06	26:10
Yunkang1 Ri B
菁松A Jingsong A	4:07	4:07	3:14	3:10	4:10	4:06	6:04	6:00	8:00	7:18	26:07	25:13
菁松B Jingsong B	4:07	4:07	3:14	3:10	4:10	4:06	6:04	6:00	8:00	7:18	26:07	25:13
皓月A Haoyue A	4:07	4:07	3:17	3:13	4:14	4:10	6:08	6:04	8:22	8:10	27:20	26:20
皓月B Haoyue B	4:07	4:07	3:17	3:13	4:14	4:10	6:08	6:04	9:00	8:16	27:22	27:02
云夏3A Yunxia 3A	4:07	4:07	3:14	3:10	4:10	4:06	6:04	6:00	7:22	7:18	26:09	25:17
云夏3B Yunxia 3B	4:07	4:07	3:14	3:10	4:10	4:06	6:04	6:00	7:22	7:18	26:09	25:17
云夏4A Yunxia 4A	4:07	4:07	3:17	3:13	4:10	4:06	6:04	6:00	7:16	7:10	26:08	25:12
云夏4B Yunxia 4B	4:07	4:07	3:17	3:13	4:10	4:06	6:04	6:00	7:16	7:10	26:08	25:12

图1 喷水饲育对家蚕原原种熟蚕体重、结茧率和健蛹率的影响 YCA,云抗1号中A;YCB,云抗1号中B;YJA,云抗1号日A;YJB,云抗1号日B;JA,菁松A;JB,菁松B;HA,皓月A;HB,皓月B;Y3A,云夏3A;Y3B,云夏3B;Y4A,云夏4A;Y4B,云夏4B。熟蚕体重为30头蚕的平均值;健蛹率为300颗茧的平均值。*表示与对照组相比差异达到显著水平(P<0.05)。图2、图3同。

Fig.1 Effects of spraying water on body weight, cocoon formation rate and healthy pupa rate of Bombyx mori original species YCA,Yunkang 1 Zhong A;YCB, Yunkang 1 Zhong B;YJA,Yunkang 1 Ri A;YJB,Yunkang 1Ri B;JA,Jingsong A;JB,JingsongB;HA,Haoyue A;HB,HaoyueB;Y3A,Yunxia 3A;Y3B,Yunxia 3B;Y4A,Yunxia 4A; Y4B,Yunxia 4B. Weight of mature silkworms was the average of 30 silkworms, healthy pupa rate was the average of 300 cocoons. * indicated significant difference (P<0.05). The same as figure 2 and figure 3.

图2 喷水饲育对家蚕原原种茧质性状的影响数据为雌、雄各75粒茧的平均值。

Fig.2 Effect of spraying water on cocoon quality of Bombyx mori original species Data were the average of 75 cocoons for females and males,respectively.

图3 喷水饲育对家蚕原原种交配率、卵质性状的影响交配率来自125只新鲜雄蛾、100只雌蛾;卵质为28只雌蛾产卵的平均值。

Fig.3 Effects of spraying water on mating rate and character of egg quality of Bombyx mori original species Mating rate was from 125 fresh males and 100 females, and the egg quality was the average oviposition rate of 28 females.

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秋季桑园喷水对保幼激素类农药影响家蚕原种繁育的效果

Effect of spraying water to mulberry in autumn on breeding of Bombyx mori original species by juvenile hormone pesticide pollution

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