浙江省铅污染源解析与茶叶铅污染风险评价

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2023.05.16

浙江农业学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (5): 1123-1131.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2023.05.16

浙江省铅污染源解析与茶叶铅污染风险评价

邓美华¹(), 高娜¹, 吴林土², 徐火忠², 洪海清², 朱有为³^,^*()

1.浙江省农业科学院农产品质量安全与营养研究所,农产品质量安全危害因子与风险防控国家重点实验室,浙江杭州310021
2.松阳县农业农村局,浙江松阳 323400
3.浙江省耕地质量与肥料管理总站,浙江杭州 310020

收稿日期:2022-02-16 出版日期:2023-05-25 发布日期:2023-06-01
作者简介:邓美华(1978—),女,湖北利川人,博士,副研究员,主要从事生态健康评价与预警研究。E-mail: meihuad@163.com
通讯作者: *朱有为,E-mail:youweiz2022@163.com
基金资助:
浙江省基础公益研究计划(LGJ21D030001);浙江省重点研发计划(2021C04020)

Lead source identification and pollution risk assessment on tea production in Zhejiang Province, China

DENG Meihua¹(), GAO Na¹, WU Lintu², XU Huozhong², HONG Haiqing², ZHU Youwei³^,^*()

1. State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Product, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Hangzhou 310021, China
2. Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Songyang County, Songyang 323400, Zhejiang, China
3. Zhejiang Cultivated Land Quality and Fertilizer Administration Station, Hangzhou 310020, China

Received:2022-02-16 Online:2023-05-25 Published:2023-06-01

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本研究通过盆栽试验和文献调研,研究了茶树对铅的吸收积累特性,构建了土壤-茶叶铅转运模型,利用污染源清单法和普查数据,分析并预测了浙江省茶园的铅污染风险。结果表明,茶树各部位铅含量随土壤铅含量的增加而增加,当土壤中铅含量达到500 mg·kg^-1时,嫩叶中铅含量最高可达22.83 mg·kg^-1。铅在茶树各部位的积累量总体表现为新叶<老叶<茎<根。当土壤铅含量低于100 mg·kg^-1时,茶叶铅含量能符合我国标准要求;如果土壤铅含量高于150 mg·kg^-1,茶叶铅含量超标的风险明显增加。浙江省1990—2018年的铅人为排放量展示出较大的时空差异,铅排放量在2009—2014年快速增长后仍处于相对高位,各地应因地制宜削减铅排放。基于相关数据预测,在现有产业模式驱动下,2030年浙江省茶叶铅污染风险将进一步提高,茶园铅污染风险仍不容忽视。

关键词: 铅污染, 茶叶, 源解析, 食品安全

Abstract:

In the present study, the uptake and translocation characteristics of lead (Pb) in tea plants were explored via pot experiment and literature review. Based on the collected data in literatures, the regression model of Pb contents in soil and tea leaves was constructed. Based on the pollution source inventory method and census data, the Pb pollution risk of tea gardens in Zhejiang Province, China, was analyzed. It was shown that the Pb contents in tea plants increased with the elevated exogenous Pb addition. When the exogenous Pb addition amount reached 500 mg·kg^-1, the Pb content in new leaves of tea could be 22.83 mg·kg^-1. The Pb accumulation amount in tea plants increased as new leaves<old leaves<stem<root. Based on the collected data, when soil Pb content was below 100 mg·kg^-1, the Pb content in tea leaves could meet the requirement of national standard. But, when soil Pb content was higher than 150 mg·kg^-1, the Pb content in tea leaves would exceed the national standard. The Pb emission in Zhejiang exhibited spatial-temporal variation during 1990-2018. After a rapid growth in 2009-2014, the Pb emission was still relatively high. Efforts should be made to cut Pb emissions according to the local conditions. Based on the census data and the constructed model, it was predicted that the Pb pollution risk of tea in Zhejiang would be further increased under the current industrial mode. Thus, Pb pollution risk of tea production in Zhejiang should never be neglected.

Key words: lead pollution, tea, source identification, food safety

中图分类号:

邓美华, 高娜, 吴林土, 徐火忠, 洪海清, 朱有为. 浙江省铅污染源解析与茶叶铅污染风险评价[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2023, 35(5): 1123-1131.

DENG Meihua, GAO Na, WU Lintu, XU Huozhong, HONG Haiqing, ZHU Youwei. Lead source identification and pollution risk assessment on tea production in Zhejiang Province, China[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2023, 35(5): 1123-1131.

图/表 4

图1 不同土壤铅添加量对茶树各部位铅吸收、转运的影响

Fig.1 Effects of soil Pb addition on Pb uptake and translocation in tea plants

图2 茶园土壤铅含量与茶叶铅含量的相关性

Fig.2 Correlation between Pb content in tea leaves and soil Pb content

图3 浙江省1990—2018年人为铅排放源的时空演变

Fig.3 Spatial-temporal evolution of Pb emissions in Zhejiang Province from 1990 to 2018

图4 浙江省2003、2013、2030年茶叶铅含量的评测结果不同字母表示差异显著(P<0.05)。

Fig.4 Evaluation result of Pb content in tea leaves in 2003, 2013 and 2030 Different letters indicate significant difference at P<0.05.

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浙江省铅污染源解析与茶叶铅污染风险评价

Lead source identification and pollution risk assessment on tea production in Zhejiang Province, China

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