轻便自走式采茶机的设计与试验

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20221118

浙江农业学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (9): 2233-2239.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20221118

轻便自走式采茶机的设计与试验

俞国红¹(), 郑航¹, 叶云翔¹, 薛向磊¹, 傅童²

1.浙江省农业科学院农业装备研究所,浙江杭州 310021
2.浙江科技学院生物与化学工程学院,浙江杭州 310023

收稿日期:2022-07-29 出版日期:2023-09-25 发布日期:2023-10-09
作者简介:俞国红(1969—),男,浙江萧山人,硕士,主要从事农业机械化工程研究。E-mail:Yuguohong@163.com
基金资助:
浙江省农业科学院成果推广项目(tg2022016)

Design and experiment on portable self-propelled tea picker

YU Guohong¹(), ZHENG Hang¹, YE Yunxiang¹, XUE Xianglei¹, FU Tong²

1. Institute of Agricultural Equipment, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
2. School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China

Received:2022-07-29 Online:2023-09-25 Published:2023-10-09

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对当前双人手抬式采茶机需要配置操作人员数量较多,使用舒适度差等问题,设计了一种适用于丘陵缓坡梯田式茶园的轻便自走式采茶机。分析了整机的结构及工作原理,对履带底盘、采茶升降机构、液压传动系统进行了理论分析和选型计算,开展了田间采茶试验,并对样机进行采茶质量性能测试。试验结果表明,该采茶机工作性能稳定,采下茶叶完整率为81.1%、可制茶率为93.7%、茶叶损失率为0.82%、漏采率为0.77%,各采摘性能指标均在标准范围以内,满足使用要求。

关键词: 茶叶, 采摘机, 液压系统, 运动分析, 试验

Abstract:

In order to solve the problems that the current double hand-lifted tea picker need to be equipped with a large number of operators and the use comfort was poor, a portable self-propelled tea picker suitable for hilly and gentle slope terraced tea gardens was investigated. Its basic structure and working principle of the whole machine were explained, and its key components such as crawler chassis, tea-picking lifting mechanism, hydraulic transmission system and so on were designed and analyzed. Field tea picking experiments were carried out to test the performance of the prototype. The results showed that the fresh leaves under the integrity was more than 81.1%, processable tea rate was more than 93.7%, measured tea machine loss rate was less than 0.82%, measured tea machine leakage rate was less than 0.77%. The portable self-propelled tea picker had a good performance, which meet the requirements of tea farmers for picking.

Key words: tea, tea picker, hydraulic system, motion analysis, experiment

中图分类号:

S225.99

俞国红, 郑航, 叶云翔, 薛向磊, 傅童. 轻便自走式采茶机的设计与试验[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2023, 35(9): 2233-2239.

YU Guohong, ZHENG Hang, YE Yunxiang, XUE Xianglei, FU Tong. Design and experiment on portable self-propelled tea picker[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2023, 35(9): 2233-2239.

图/表 7

图1 采茶机结构图 1,履带底盘;2,机架;3,接袋装置;4,升降装置;5,升降手摇机构;6,液压动力总成;7,采摘装置;8,乘坐位。

Fig.1 Structure diagram of tea picking machine 1, Track chassis; 2, Frame; 3, Bag receiving device; 4, Lifting device; 5, Lifting hand crank device; 6, Hydraulic power train; 7, Picking device; 8, Ride seat.

图2 升降机构模型图 1,机架;2,滑轨;3,丝杆;4,滑块;5,锥齿轮组;6,手摇升降器。

Fig.2 Lifting mechanism model diagram 1, Frame; 2, Rail; 3, Screw; 4, Slider; 5, Bevel gear set; 6, Hand lifter.

图3 行走液压系统原理

Fig.3 The principle of walking hydraulic system

图4 往复式双动刀片的切割图

Fig.4 Cutting diagram of reciprocating double action blade

图5 试验段茶园

Fig.5 Picture of tea garden in experimental section

图6 采茶机田间试验

Fig.6 Tea picking machine field test

表1 采茶机采摘作业性能数据结果

Table 1 Performance results of tea picking machine %

序号 No.	完整率 Complete rate	可制茶率 Processable tea rate	损失率 Loss rate	漏采率 Leakage rate of acquisition
1	83.0	93.5	0.72	0.67
2	81.8	94.3	0.85	0.86
3	78.5	93.4	0.88	0.79
平均Average value	81.1	93.7	0.82	0.77

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轻便自走式采茶机的设计与试验

Design and experiment on portable self-propelled tea picker

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