不同培养时间金针菇栽培基质的饲用营养价值评定

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20230059

浙江农业学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (1): 75-83.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20230059

不同培养时间金针菇栽培基质的饲用营养价值评定

王菲¹^,²(), 韩宇杰¹^,³, 房义¹, 向海¹^,³, 常潇¹^,³, 钟荣珍¹^,^*()

1.中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所吉林省草地畜牧重点实验室,吉林长春 130102
2.黑龙江省农业科学院牡丹江分院,黑龙江牡丹江 157041
3.中国科学院大学现代农业科学学院,北京 100049

收稿日期:2023-01-13 出版日期:2024-01-25 发布日期:2024-02-18
作者简介:王菲(1990—),女,吉林长春人,硕士,研究实习员,主要从事食用菌基质与秸秆饲料化、基质化研究。E-mail:wangfei90wf@163.com
通讯作者: * 钟荣珍,E-mail: zhongrongzhen@iga.ac.cn
基金资助:
中国科学院A类战略先导专项(XDA28020400);中国科学院A类战略先导专项(XDA28080400);中国科学院A类战略先导专项(XDA23070503);农业农村部重点专项课题(NK2022180203);吉林省与中国科学院“省院合作”项目(2021SYHZ0033);吉林省科技发展计划(20200201140JC);中国科学院青年创新促进会优秀会员人才专项(Y201949)

Evaluation on nutritional value of Flammulina filiformis cultivation substrate with different cultivation time

WANG Fei¹^,²(), HAN Yujie¹^,³, FANG Yi¹, XIANG Hai¹^,³, CHANG Xiao¹^,³, ZHONG Rongzhen¹^,^*()

1. Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Grassland Farming, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China
2. Mudanjiang Branch, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Mudanjiang 157041,Heilongjiang, China
3. College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Received:2023-01-13 Online:2024-01-25 Published:2024-02-18

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为评定培养时间对金针菇(Flammulina filiformis)栽培基质饲用营养价值的影响,在金针菇栽培的第0、9、14、18、22、29、36、51天收集金针菇栽培基质,测定基质中的营养成分含量与氨基酸组成,并采用尼龙袋法测定在瘤胃中进行体内消化0、2、4、8、12、24、48、72 h后样品的干物质消失率,及24 h和48 h的营养物质降解率。结果表明,与处理前相比,培养29 d的基质中,粗蛋白含量显著(P<0.05)提升至8.96%,必需氨基酸和总氨基酸含量分别显著提升至0.47%和1.01%,酸性洗涤木质素含量显著降至试验条件下的最低水平(7.72%)。培养51 d的基质中,半纤维素含量达31.37%,是各处理中最高的,且有较高的干物质消失率。综上,金针菇栽培基质可作为反刍动物的饲料资源,最适利用时间为培养29 d。

关键词: 金针菇, 营养价值, 干物质消失率, 栽培基质

Abstract:

In order to evaluate the effect of different cultivation time on the nutritional value of Flammulina filiformis cultivation substrate, the samples of the cultivation substrate of F. filiformis were collected on the 0th, 9th, 14th, 18th, 22nd, 29th, 36th, and 51st days of cultivation.The contents of nutritional ingredients and amino acid (AA) composition of these samples were determined. Besides, the nylon bag technique was adopted to determine the dry matter degradability after in vivo digestion in the rumen for 0, 2, 4, 8, 12, 24, 48, 72 h, respectively, as well as the degradation rate of nutritional ingredients after in vivo digestion for 24, 48 h, respecitvely. It was shown that, compared with the substrate before cultivation, the contents of crude protein, essential amino acids and total amino acids in the substrate cultivated for 29 d were significantly (P<0.05) increased to 8.96%, 0.47%, 1.01%, respectively, yet the aicd detergent lignin content was significantly decreased to the lowest level (7.72%) under the experiement conditions. For the substrate cultivated for 51 d, the hemicellulose content was the highest (31.37%), and the dry matter degradability was relatively high. In general, F. filiformis cultivation substrate could be used as the feed resource for ruminants, and the optimized cultivation time was 29 d.

Key words: Flammulina filiformis, nutritional value, dry matter degradability, cultivation substrate

中图分类号:

S816
S759.81

王菲, 韩宇杰, 房义, 向海, 常潇, 钟荣珍. 不同培养时间金针菇栽培基质的饲用营养价值评定[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2024, 36(1): 75-83.

WANG Fei, HAN Yujie, FANG Yi, XIANG Hai, CHANG Xiao, ZHONG Rongzhen. Evaluation on nutritional value of Flammulina filiformis cultivation substrate with different cultivation time[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2024, 36(1): 75-83.

图/表 4

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指标 Index	各时间点(d)的指标值Index value at different time (d)
指标 Index	0	9	14	18	22	29	36	51
含水量Moisture/%	70.39 c	70.02 c	71.23 b	71.47 b	71.75 b	73.44 a	70.27 c	54.81 d
粗脂肪含量Ether extract content/%	7.20 b	7.78 a	7.87 a	7.67 a	7.25 b	6.71 c	6.36 c	4.84 d
粗蛋白含量Crude protein content/%	7.64 d	8.45 bc	8.51 b	8.67 ab	8.71 ab	8.96 a	8.19 c	7.53 d
半纤维素含量Hemicellulose content/%	29.56 b	26.29 d	26.50 d	27.80 c	28.58 bc	25.81 d	28.03 c	31.37 a
纤维素含量Cellulose content/%	22.22 c	23.92 ab	23.63 ab	24.56 a	22.78 bc	22.37 c	19.20 d	9.22 e
酸性洗涤木质素含量Acid detergent lignin content/%	13.14 c	14.23 b	13.40 bc	13.34 c	9.04 e	7.72 f	11.31 d	39.21 a
中性洗涤纤维含量Neutral detergent fiber content/%	67.33 b	60.73 cd	61.20 cd	65.57 b	62.31 c	58.24 e	60.14 d	70.90 a
酸性洗涤纤维含量Acid detergent fiber content/%	37.77 a	35.43 b	34.24 b	37.66 a	33.54 b	31.21 c	31.22 c	29.79 c
粗灰分含量Crude ash content/%	7.57 e	7.79 de	8.12 d	8.61 c	8.72 bc	9.01 bc	9.09 b	9.90 a
菌丝含量Mycelium content/%	25.25 h	31.51 g	32.26 f	33.01 e	36.02 d	41.52 c	46.03 a	45.15 b
总能量Gross energy/(MJ·kg^-1)	17.45 ab	17.47 ab	17.54 a	17.37 b	17.18 c	16.95 d	17.14 c	17.06 cd

指标 Index	各时间点(d)的指标值Index value at different time (d)
指标 Index	0	9	14	18	22	29	36	51
含水量Moisture/%	70.39 c	70.02 c	71.23 b	71.47 b	71.75 b	73.44 a	70.27 c	54.81 d
粗脂肪含量Ether extract content/%	7.20 b	7.78 a	7.87 a	7.67 a	7.25 b	6.71 c	6.36 c	4.84 d
粗蛋白含量Crude protein content/%	7.64 d	8.45 bc	8.51 b	8.67 ab	8.71 ab	8.96 a	8.19 c	7.53 d
半纤维素含量Hemicellulose content/%	29.56 b	26.29 d	26.50 d	27.80 c	28.58 bc	25.81 d	28.03 c	31.37 a
纤维素含量Cellulose content/%	22.22 c	23.92 ab	23.63 ab	24.56 a	22.78 bc	22.37 c	19.20 d	9.22 e
酸性洗涤木质素含量Acid detergent lignin content/%	13.14 c	14.23 b	13.40 bc	13.34 c	9.04 e	7.72 f	11.31 d	39.21 a
中性洗涤纤维含量Neutral detergent fiber content/%	67.33 b	60.73 cd	61.20 cd	65.57 b	62.31 c	58.24 e	60.14 d	70.90 a
酸性洗涤纤维含量Acid detergent fiber content/%	37.77 a	35.43 b	34.24 b	37.66 a	33.54 b	31.21 c	31.22 c	29.79 c
粗灰分含量Crude ash content/%	7.57 e	7.79 de	8.12 d	8.61 c	8.72 bc	9.01 bc	9.09 b	9.90 a
菌丝含量Mycelium content/%	25.25 h	31.51 g	32.26 f	33.01 e	36.02 d	41.52 c	46.03 a	45.15 b
总能量Gross energy/(MJ·kg^-1)	17.45 ab	17.47 ab	17.54 a	17.37 b	17.18 c	16.95 d	17.14 c	17.06 cd

氨基酸 Amino acid	不同时间(d)基质中的氨基酸含量 Amino acid content of cultivation substrate at different time(d)								子实体的氨基酸含量 Amino acid content of fruiting body
氨基酸 Amino acid	0	9	14	18	22	29	36	51	子实体的氨基酸含量 Amino acid content of fruiting body
Thr	0.03 c	0.03 c	0.04 bc	0.04 bc	0.04 bc	0.05 b	0.04 bc	0.04 bc	0.09 a
Val	0.05 b	0.05 b	0.06 b	0.05 b	0.05 b	0.06 b	0.05 b	0.05 b	0.09 a
Met	0.01 bc	<0.01 c	0.01 bc	0.01 bc	0.01 bc	0.02 b	0.02 b	0.01 bc	0.35 a
Ile	0.03 bc	0.04 bc	0.04 bc	0.04 bc	0.04 bc	0.05 b	0.04 bc	0.02 c	0.07 a
Leu	0.08 b	0.07 bc	0.08 b	0.07 bc	0.06 bc	0.08 b	0.06 bc	0.05 c	0.11 a
Phe	0.04 bc	0.04 bc	0.04 bc	0.04 bc	0.04 bc	0.05 b	0.04 bc	0.03 c	0.09 a
Lys	0.03 d	0.03 d	0.04 cd	0.05 bc	0.05 bc	0.06 b	0.05 bc	0.04 cd	0.12 a
Trp	0.02 b	0.02 b	0.02 b	0.02 b	0.02 b	0.02 b	0.02 b	0.02 b	0.06 a
His	0.01 c	0.01 c	0.02 bc	0.03 b	0.03 b	0.03 b	0.02 bc	0.01 c	0.04 a
Arg	0.05 de	0.05 de	0.06 cd	0.07 bc	0.07 bc	0.09 a	0.07 bc	0.04 e	0.08 ab
Ser	0.04 bc	0.04 bc	0.05 bc	0.05 bc	0.05 bc	0.06 b	0.05 bc	0.03 c	0.09 a
Glu	0.15 bc	0.15 bc	0.16 b	0.16 b	0.16 b	0.16 b	0.12 cd	0.10 d	0.37 a
Gly	0.05 c	0.05 c	0.06 bc	0.06 bc	0.06 bc	0.07 b	0.06 bc	0.05 c	0.09 a
Ala	0.04 c	0.05 bc	0.05 bc	0.05 bc	0.05 bc	0.06 b	0.05 bc	0.04 c	0.12 a
Cys	<0.01 a	<0.01 a	<0.01 a	<0.01 a	<0.01 a	<0.01 a	<0.01 a	<0.01 a	<0.01 a
Tyr	0.02 b	0.02 b	0.03 b	0.03 b	0.03 b	0.03 b	0.03 b	0.01 c	0.07 a
Asp	0.08 c	0.09 c	0.09 c	0.10 bc	0.10 bc	0.11 b	0.09 c	0.09 c	0.18 a
Pro	0.05 b	0.06 b	0.06 b	0.05 b	0.05 b	0.06 b	0.05 b	0.05 b	0.07 a
EAA	0.35 c	0.35 c	0.40 bc	0.41 bc	0.41 bc	0.47 b	0.40 bc	0.32 c	1.11 a
NEAA	0.45 bc	0.46 bc	0.49 bc	0.50 bc	0.50 bc	0.53 b	0.45 bc	0.41 c	0.99 a
总和Total	0.80 c	0.81 c	0.89 bc	0.90 bc	0.91 bc	1.01 b	0.84 bc	0.73 c	2.10 a

氨基酸 Amino acid	不同时间(d)基质中的氨基酸含量 Amino acid content of cultivation substrate at different time(d)								子实体的氨基酸含量 Amino acid content of fruiting body
氨基酸 Amino acid	0	9	14	18	22	29	36	51	子实体的氨基酸含量 Amino acid content of fruiting body
Thr	0.03 c	0.03 c	0.04 bc	0.04 bc	0.04 bc	0.05 b	0.04 bc	0.04 bc	0.09 a
Val	0.05 b	0.05 b	0.06 b	0.05 b	0.05 b	0.06 b	0.05 b	0.05 b	0.09 a
Met	0.01 bc	<0.01 c	0.01 bc	0.01 bc	0.01 bc	0.02 b	0.02 b	0.01 bc	0.35 a
Ile	0.03 bc	0.04 bc	0.04 bc	0.04 bc	0.04 bc	0.05 b	0.04 bc	0.02 c	0.07 a
Leu	0.08 b	0.07 bc	0.08 b	0.07 bc	0.06 bc	0.08 b	0.06 bc	0.05 c	0.11 a
Phe	0.04 bc	0.04 bc	0.04 bc	0.04 bc	0.04 bc	0.05 b	0.04 bc	0.03 c	0.09 a
Lys	0.03 d	0.03 d	0.04 cd	0.05 bc	0.05 bc	0.06 b	0.05 bc	0.04 cd	0.12 a
Trp	0.02 b	0.02 b	0.02 b	0.02 b	0.02 b	0.02 b	0.02 b	0.02 b	0.06 a
His	0.01 c	0.01 c	0.02 bc	0.03 b	0.03 b	0.03 b	0.02 bc	0.01 c	0.04 a
Arg	0.05 de	0.05 de	0.06 cd	0.07 bc	0.07 bc	0.09 a	0.07 bc	0.04 e	0.08 ab
Ser	0.04 bc	0.04 bc	0.05 bc	0.05 bc	0.05 bc	0.06 b	0.05 bc	0.03 c	0.09 a
Glu	0.15 bc	0.15 bc	0.16 b	0.16 b	0.16 b	0.16 b	0.12 cd	0.10 d	0.37 a
Gly	0.05 c	0.05 c	0.06 bc	0.06 bc	0.06 bc	0.07 b	0.06 bc	0.05 c	0.09 a
Ala	0.04 c	0.05 bc	0.05 bc	0.05 bc	0.05 bc	0.06 b	0.05 bc	0.04 c	0.12 a
Cys	<0.01 a	<0.01 a	<0.01 a	<0.01 a	<0.01 a	<0.01 a	<0.01 a	<0.01 a	<0.01 a
Tyr	0.02 b	0.02 b	0.03 b	0.03 b	0.03 b	0.03 b	0.03 b	0.01 c	0.07 a
Asp	0.08 c	0.09 c	0.09 c	0.10 bc	0.10 bc	0.11 b	0.09 c	0.09 c	0.18 a
Pro	0.05 b	0.06 b	0.06 b	0.05 b	0.05 b	0.06 b	0.05 b	0.05 b	0.07 a
EAA	0.35 c	0.35 c	0.40 bc	0.41 bc	0.41 bc	0.47 b	0.40 bc	0.32 c	1.11 a
NEAA	0.45 bc	0.46 bc	0.49 bc	0.50 bc	0.50 bc	0.53 b	0.45 bc	0.41 c	0.99 a
总和Total	0.80 c	0.81 c	0.89 bc	0.90 bc	0.91 bc	1.01 b	0.84 bc	0.73 c	2.10 a

体内消化时间 Incubation time/h	不同时间(d)的干物质消失率Dry matter degradability at different time (d)
体内消化时间 Incubation time/h	0	9	14	18	22	29	36	51
0	9.33 cH	10.81 aH	9.36 cH	9.51 bcG	9.81 abcF	10.59 abF	9.54 bcG	9.75 abcH
2	19.30 dG	22.99 bcG	22.55 cG	23.13 bcF	23.01 bcE	24.13 abE	25.04 aF	24.63 aG
4	26.38 abF	26.54 abF	25.93 bF	25.37 bF	25.70 bD	25.22 bE	28.17 aE	28.42 aF
8	29.23 bcE	29.99 bcE	31.08 abE	30.21 bcE	24.53 dDE	25.22 dE	28.17 cE	32.81 aE
12	32.47 bD	32.55 bD	34.70 bD	34.34 bD	33.53 bC	35.09 bD	34.55 bD	38.57 aD
24	36.00 cdC	36.44 cdC	39.78 bC	40.49 bC	34.70 dC	40.71 bC	38.73 bcC	44.01 aC
48	51.29 aB	51.76 aB	52.29 aB	47.72 bcB	46.25 cB	52.33 aB	49.79 abB	50.05 abB
72	61.67 aA	62.55 aA	62.12 aA	61.82 aA	61.62 aA	61.93 aA	62.22 aA	61.09 aA

不同培养时间金针菇栽培基质的饲用营养价值评定

Evaluation on nutritional value of Flammulina filiformis cultivation substrate with different cultivation time

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指标 Index	体内消化时间 Incubation time/h	不同时间点(d)的指标值Index values at different time (d)
指标 Index	体内消化时间 Incubation time/h	0	9	14	18	22	29	36	51
NDF降解率	24	24.87 d	26.73 c	27.76 c	25.36 d	22.96 e	21.73 f	35.18 a	33.81 b
Degradation rate of NDF	48	39.23 c	39.47 c	43.10 ab	37.58 d	28.19 e	25.48 f	43.58 a	42.05 b
ADF降解率	24	98.27 a	98.54 a	98.41 a	98.51 a	98.47 a	98.33 a	98.59 a	98.63 a
Degradation rate of ADF	48	98.64 a	98.70 a	98.78 a	98.76 a	98.47 a	98.40 a	98.77 a	98.77 a
ADL降解率	24	22.28 e	25.83 c	23.46 de	22.99 de	23.26 de	24.17 d	45.00 a	37.95 b
Degradation rate of ADL	48	28.33 g	37.02 e	35.24 f	43.97 c	40.98 d	44.63 bc	45.27 b	54.26 a
半纤维素降解率	24	35.92 b	26.20 e	35.00 b	29.10 d	20.76 f	31.11 c	40.37 a	35.41 b
Degradation rate of hemicellulose	48	46.30 bc	45.08 c	47.30 ab	40.10 d	32.90 f	34.90 e	48.15 a	45.19 c
纤维素降解率	24	63.89 a	61.72 b	61.08 b	61.62 b	60.66 b	49.51 c	31.16 d	19.74 e
Degradation rate of cellulose	48	65.66 b	62.60 c	56.81 d	69.01 a	62.57 c	51.83 e	44.52 f	21.95 g
粗蛋白降解率	24	88.12 a	80.82 d	82.70 c	80.24 e	77.44 g	78.86 f	81.18 d	83.63 b
Degradation rate of crude protein	48	95.12 a	92.80 b	92.29 bc	90.71 d	89.41 e	89.62 e	89.08 e	92.10 c

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