疏花处理对台农一号杧果生理落果与果实成熟的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20240370

浙江农业学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (4): 831-838.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20240370

疏花处理对台农一号杧果生理落果与果实成熟的影响

周轶¹^,²(), 廖仪菲¹^,², 倪隽蓓¹^,², 钱敏杰³, 周开兵³, 滕元文¹^,²^,^*()

1.浙江大学农业与生物技术学院,浙江杭州 310058
2.浙江大学海南研究院,海南三亚 572025
3.海南大学南繁学院(三亚南繁研究院),海南三亚 572025

收稿日期:2024-04-25 出版日期:2025-04-25 发布日期:2025-05-09
作者简介:周轶(1998—),女,江西宜春人,硕士研究生,研究方向为农艺与种业。E-mail:22116159@zju.edu.cn
通讯作者: *滕元文,E-mail:ywteng@zju.edu.cn
基金资助:
海南省重点研发项目(ZDYF2021XDNY272)

Effects of flower thinning treatments on fruit setting and ripening of mango (Mangifera indica L.) ‘Tainung No.1’

ZHOU Yi¹^,²(), LIAO Yifei¹^,², NI Junbei¹^,², QIAN Minjie³, ZHOU Kaibing³, TENG Yuanwen¹^,²^,^*()

1. College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
2. Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Sanya 572025, Hainan, China
3. School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya 572025, Hainan, China

Received:2024-04-25 Online:2025-04-25 Published:2025-05-09

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为研究疏花对杧果坐果和果实成熟的影响,以台农一号杧果为研究对象,以不疏花为对照,以短截花穗为处理,即在开花初期对花序主轴进行不同程度(1/3、1/2和2/3)的剪除处理,测定不同处理的坐果数、单果质量、果实硬度和糖酸含量等指标。结果表明:(1)3种疏花处理对杧果单花穗最终坐果数量没有显著影响,但能显著(P<0.05)减少果实发育过程中的生理落果。(2)3种疏花处理组的果实硬度、总有机酸和柠檬酸含量均显著低于对照组,而可溶性固形物含量、总糖、蔗糖和叶黄素含量均显著高于对照组,表明3种疏花处理可促使果实提前成熟。(3)疏除1/2和疏除2/3处理组的果实平均单果质量和果实横纵径均显著高于对照组,而且疏花处理的果实成熟均一度高于对照组。综上所述,疏花处理能减少杧果果实生理落果并促使其提前成熟,且能保持杧果成熟度的一致性。疏去花序主轴全长的1/2和2/3对减少台农一号杧果落果和促早熟的效果更佳。

关键词: 杧果, 疏花, 坐果, 成熟, 落果

Abstract:

To study the effects of flower thinning on fruit setting and ripening of mango, flowers of mango cultivar ‘Tainung No. 1’ were thinned along the main axis of the inflorescence at different thinning degrees (thinning 1/3, 1/2 and 2/3) at early flowering stage, while unthinned ‘Tainung No. 1’ trees were used as control. The fruit setting number, single fruit weight, firmness, sugar and acid content of the different treatments were measured. The results showed that: (1) Three flower thinning treatments had no significant effect on the number of fruits per inflorescence compared to the control, but could significantly (P<0.05) reduce physiological fruit dropping. (2) Fruit firmness, total organic acid and citric acid contents in the three flower thinning treatment groups were significantly lower than those in the control group, while soluble solids content, total sugar, sucrose and lutein contents were significantly higher than those in the control group, indicating that the three flower thinning treatments could promote premature fruit ripening. (3) The average fruit weight and the transverse and longitudinal diameters of the fruit in the 1/2 and 2/3 treatment groups were significantly higher than those in the control group, and the fruit ripeness in the three flower thinning treatment groups was higher than that in the control group. In conclusion, flower thinning can reduce physiological fruit dropping, advance fruit ripening and maintain ripening uniformity of mango fruit. Removal of 1/2 and 2/3 of the total length of the main axis of the inflorescence had a better effect on reducing fruit dropping and advancing the ripening stage of mango cultivar ‘Tainung No. 1’.

Key words: Mangifera indica L., flower thinning, fruit setting, ripening, fruit dropping

中图分类号:

S667.7

周轶, 廖仪菲, 倪隽蓓, 钱敏杰, 周开兵, 滕元文. 疏花处理对台农一号杧果生理落果与果实成熟的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2025, 37(4): 831-838.

ZHOU Yi, LIAO Yifei, NI Junbei, QIAN Minjie, ZHOU Kaibing, TENG Yuanwen. Effects of flower thinning treatments on fruit setting and ripening of mango (Mangifera indica L.) ‘Tainung No.1’[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2025, 37(4): 831-838.

图/表 7

参考文献 26

[1]	陈业渊, 党志国, 林电, 等. 中国杧果科学研究70年[J]. 热带作物学报, 2020, 41(10): 2034-2044.
	CHEN Y Y, DANG Z G, LIN D, et al. Mango scientific research in China in the past 70 years[J]. Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, 2020, 41(10): 2034-2044. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[2]	李玉萍, 叶露, 梁伟红, 等. 我国芒果产业数据资源现状与发展对策[J]. 热带农业科学, 2020, 40(8): 105-109.
	LI Y P, YE L, LIANG W H, et al. Current status and countermeasures of mango industry data resources in China[J]. Chinese Journal of Tropical Agriculture, 2020, 40(8): 105-109. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[3]	华敏, 郭利军, 邓会栋, 等. ‘贵妃’芒果实品质提升综合技术[J]. 中国热带农业, 2023(2): 72-77.
	HUA M, GUO L J, DENG H D, et al. Comprehensive technology for quality improvement of mango cultivar ‘Guifei’[J]. China Tropical Agriculture, 2023(2): 72-77. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[4]	潘云飞, 周艳, 何磊, 等. 果园管理工作中疏花疏果的研究进展[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2021, 42(11): 198-204.
	PAN Y F, ZHOU Y, HE L, et al. Research progress of flower and fruit thinning in orchard management[J]. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2021, 42(11): 198-204. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[5]	PANDEY R M, RATHORE D S, SINGH R N. Hormonal-regulation of mango malformation[J]. Current Science, 1974, 43(21): 694-695.
[6]	华敏, 郭利军, 邓会栋, 等. ‘贵妃芒’机械疏花与化学疏果技术研究[J]. 中国热带农业, 2020(4): 74-78.
	HUA M, GUO L J, DENG H D, et al. Study on mechanical flower thinning and chemical fruit thinning techniques of ‘Guifeimang’ mango[J]. China Tropical Agriculture, 2020(4): 74-78. (in Chinese)
[7]	华敏, 邓会栋, 郭利军, 等. 机械疏花与化学疏果对‘台农1号’芒无胚果单果质量及品质的影响[J]. 中国热带农业, 2021(4): 41-46.
	HUA M, DENG H D, GUO L J, et al. Effects of mechanical flower thinning and chemical fruit thinning on average seedless fruit weight and quality of ‘Tainung No.1’ mango[J]. China Tropical Agriculture, 2021(4): 41-46. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[8]	黄杰, 韦爱琳, 费用红, 等. 生长调节剂对台农一号杧坐果及无胚果果实品质的影响[J]. 现代农业科技, 2018(10): 140-141.
	HUANG J, WEI A L, FEI Y H, et al. Effects of growth regulators the fruit setting and fruit quality of seedless fruits of ‘Tainung No.1’ Mango[J]. Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, 2018(10): 140-141. (in Chinese)
[9]	胡隆孝, 曹琳彩, 王凯, 等. 采后催熟对‘台农一号’芒果理化品质及营养特性的影响[J]. 食品工业科技, 2023, 44(2): 369-375.
	HU L X, CAO L C, WANG K, et al. Effects of postharvest ripening on the physicochemical and nutraceutical properties of mango(Mangifera indica L. cv Tainung No.1)[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2023, 44(2): 369-375. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[10]	彭麟, 周超华, 倪隽蓓, 等. 两种树形对梨果实品质影响的初步研究[J]. 中国南方果树, 2022, 51(2): 154-159.
	PENG L, ZHOU C H, NI J B, et al. Preliminary study on the effects of two tree shapes on pear fruit quality[J]. South China Fruits, 2022, 51(2): 154-159. (in Chinese)
[11]	SCOTT K J, FINGLAS P M, SCALE R, et al. Interlaboratory studies of HPLC procedures for the analysis of carotenoids in foods[J]. Food Chemistry, 1996, 57(1): 85-90.
[12]	BARBA A I O, HURTADO M C, MATA M C S, et al. Application of a UV-vis detection-HPLC method for a rapid determination of lycopene and β-carotene in vegetables[J]. Food Chemistry, 2006, 95(2): 328-336.
[13]	周兆禧, 杜中军, 陈业渊, 等. 海南反季节芒果催花及花期管理技术[J]. 中国热带农业, 2008(4): 60-61.
	ZHOU Z X, DU Z J, CHEN Y Y, et al. Flower forcing and flowering management techniques of out-of-season mango in Hainan[J]. China Tropical Agriculture, 2008(4): 60-61. (in Chinese)
[14]	冯贝贝, 梅闯, 王磊, 等. 阿克苏富士苹果烟富3号化学疏花疏果的效果[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(10): 2470-2478.
	FENG B B, MEI C, WANG L, et al. Study on the effect of chemical flower and fruit thinning on Aksu Fuji apple Yanfu 3[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2023, 60(10): 2470-2478. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[15]	李学兵. 富士苹果栽培管理技术要点[J]. 世界热带农业信息, 2023(7): 1-3.
	LI X B. Key points of cultivation and management technology of Fuji apple[J]. World Tropical Agriculture Information, 2023(7): 1-3. (in Chinese)
[16]	聂琳, 孙昂, 卢航, 等. 不同化学药剂对福布瑞斯、华瑞苹果品种疏花疏果效果[J]. 河南林业科技, 2023, 43(4): 17-19.
	NIE L, SUN A, LU H, et al. Effects of different chemical agents on flower and fruit thinning of Fuburuisi, Huarui apple varieties[J]. Journal of Henan Forestry Science and Technology, 2023, 43(4): 17-19. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[17]	艾小艳, 王富荣, 王会良, 等. 不同化学疏花剂对枣油桃的疏果效应[J]. 中国果树, 2023(6): 22-25.
	AI X Y, WANG F R, WANG H L, et al. Effect of different chemical flower thinning agents on fruit thinning of ‘Zaoyoutao’ nectarine[J]. China Fruits, 2023(6): 22-25. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[18]	王玉霞, 李芳东, 张福兴, 等. 疏花疏果对大樱桃果实品质的影响[J]. 烟台果树, 2018(2): 11-12.
	WANG Y X, LI F D, ZHANG F X, et al. Effect of flower thinning and fruit thinning on fruit quality of sweet cherry[J]. Yantai Fruits, 2018(2): 11-12. (in Chinese)
[19]	王鹏飞, 张建成, 曹琴, 等. 化学疏花对欧李果实产量和品质的影响[J]. 山东农业科学, 2014, 46(2): 56-58.
	WANG P F, ZHANG J C, CAO Q, et al. Effects of chemical flower thinning on yield and quality of Cerasus humilis[J]. Shandong Agricultural Sciences, 2014, 46(2): 56-58. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[20]	何海艳, 邓文峰, 佘雪辉, 等. 不同疏花方式对龙眼开花坐果及果实品质的影响[J]. 热带农业科学, 2022, 42(12): 14-18.
	HE H Y, DENG W F, SHE X H, et al. Effects of different flower thinning methods on longana flower setting and fruit quality[J]. Chinese Journal of Tropical Agriculture, 2022, 42(12): 14-18. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[21]	文卫华. 枇杷疏花疏果技术及对产量品质影响研究[J]. 湖南林业科技, 2007, 34(6): 17-19.
	WEN W H. Effects on the production and quality of Eriobotrya japonica L. by thinning flower and fruit technology[J]. Hunan Forestry Science & Technology, 2007, 34(6): 17-19. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[22]	易强, 廖向前, 石军, 等. 椪柑疏果效应研究[J]. 湖南农业科学, 2001(3): 29.
	YI Q, LIAO X Q, SHI J, et al. Study on fruit thinning effect of ponkan[J]. Hunan Agricultural Sciences, 2001(3): 29. (in Chinese)
[23]	求盈盈, 梁森苗, 陈巍, 等. 疏花剂对杨梅结果和果实品质的影响[J]. 浙江农业科学, 2013, 54(10): 1294-1296.
	QIU Y Y, LIANG S M, CHEN W, et al. Effects of flower thinning agents on fruit setting and fruit quality of Myrica rubra[J]. Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences, 2013, 54(10): 1294-1296. (in Chinese)
[24]	BARGEL H, NEINHUIS C. Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) fruit growth and ripening as related to the biomechanical properties of fruit skin and isolated cuticle[J]. Journal of Experimental Botany, 2005, 56(413): 1049-1060.
[25]	李建光, 潘学文, 李荣, 等. 疏花疏果对黄皮果实发育和成熟度的影响初探[J]. 广东农业科学, 2007, 34(12): 35-37.
	LI J G, PAN X W, LI R, et al. Preliminary study on the effects of flower and fruit thinning on fruit growth and maturity of wampee[J]. Guangdong Agricultural Sciences, 2007, 34(12): 35-37. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[26]	DESHMUKH N A, RYMBAI H, JHA A K, et al. Effect of thinning time and fruit spacing on fruit maturity, yield, size, peel colour and quality attributes of peach cv. Flordasun[J]. Indian Journal of Horticulture, 2017, 74(1): 45.

编辑推荐

Metrics

阅读次数

全文

144

HTML			PDF

最新录用	在线预览	正式出版	最新录用	在线预览	正式出版
0	0	13	0	0	131

来源	本网站	其他网站

次数	132	12
比例	92%	8%

摘要

最新录用	在线预览	正式出版

0	0	49

	来源	本网站

	次数	49
	比例	100%

处理 Treatment	平均单果质量 Average single fruit weight/g	横径 Transverse diameter/mm	纵径 Longitudinal diameter/mm	果形指数 Fruit shape index
对照组Control group	104.63±14.79 b	5.14±0.27 b	8.06±0.47 c	1.57±0.02 ab
疏除1/3 Thinning out 1/3	99.62±11.65 c	5.12±0.21 b	7.75±0.27 c	1.52±0.02 c
疏除1/2 Thinning out 1/2	110.46±5.46 a	5.28±0.19 a	8.42±0.26 a	1.60±0.02 a
疏除2/3 Thinning out 2/3	110.02±11.61 a	5.31±0.06 a	8.21±0.25 b	1.55±0.03 bc

处理 Treatment	平均单果质量 Average single fruit weight/g	横径 Transverse diameter/mm	纵径 Longitudinal diameter/mm	果形指数 Fruit shape index
对照组Control group	104.63±14.79 b	5.14±0.27 b	8.06±0.47 c	1.57±0.02 ab
疏除1/3 Thinning out 1/3	99.62±11.65 c	5.12±0.21 b	7.75±0.27 c	1.52±0.02 c
疏除1/2 Thinning out 1/2	110.46±5.46 a	5.28±0.19 a	8.42±0.26 a	1.60±0.02 a
疏除2/3 Thinning out 2/3	110.02±11.61 a	5.31±0.06 a	8.21±0.25 b	1.55±0.03 bc

处理 Treatment	硬度 Firmness/N	可溶性固形物含量 Total soluble solid content/%
对照组Control group	17.02±6.95 a	11.33±0.45 c
疏除1/3	8.70±0.63 b	18.19±0.52 a
Thinning out 1/3
疏除1/2	11.44±1.31 b	15.68±1.37 b
Thinning out 1/2
疏除2/3	11.94±0.45 b	17.16±1.12 ab
Thinning out 2/3

处理 Treatment	硬度 Firmness/N	可溶性固形物含量 Total soluble solid content/%
对照组Control group	17.02±6.95 a	11.33±0.45 c
疏除1/3	8.70±0.63 b	18.19±0.52 a
Thinning out 1/3
疏除1/2	11.44±1.31 b	15.68±1.37 b
Thinning out 1/2
疏除2/3	11.94±0.45 b	17.16±1.12 ab
Thinning out 2/3

处理 Treatment	可溶性糖含量Soluble sugar content				有机酸含量Organic acid content
处理 Treatment	蔗糖 Sucrose	果糖 Fructose	葡萄糖 Glucose	总糖 Total sugar	柠檬酸 Citric acid	苹果酸 Malic acid	有机酸 Organic acid
对照组	22.88±4.41 b	37.87±10.45 b	9.50±4.71 a	70.25±19.30 b	15.31±2.16 a	1.07±0.14 b	16.38±2.14 a
Control group
疏除1/3	71.06±7.92 a	37.73±3.44 b	7.68±1.71 b	116.48±12.58 a	6.52±0.92 b	0.93±0.04 b	7.45±0.91 b
Thinning out 1/3
疏除1/2	72.11±0.65 a	43.06±9.66 a	10.15±4.10 a	125.33±13.72 a	6.63±1.28 b	1.57±0.61 a	8.20±1.04 b
Thinning out 1/2
疏除2/3	77.13±3.29 a	32.56±1.20 c	4.33±1.23 c	114.02±4.23 a	7.80±0.70 b	0.73±0.13 c	8.53±0.81 b
Thinning out 2/3

疏花处理对台农一号杧果生理落果与果实成熟的影响

Effects of flower thinning treatments on fruit setting and ripening of mango (Mangifera indica L.) ‘Tainung No.1’

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 7

参考文献 26

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

处理 Treatment	L^*	a^*	b^*	β-胡萝卜素含量 β-carotene content/(mg·g^-1)	叶黄素含量 Lutein content/(mg·g^-1)
对照组Control group	69.83±1.40 a	1.98±2.53 c	36.19±0.40 b	19.75±2.49 b	7.05±5.97 c
疏除1/3	62.73±2.84 c	7.05±0.34 ab	36.41±1.35 b	26.41±10.18 a	14.25±7.43 a
Thinning out 1/3
疏除1/2	65.94±0.86 b	6.87±1.34 b	36.57±1.13 ab	20.70±0.66 b	12.50±0.68 b
Thinning out 1/2
疏除2/3	65.86±0.63 b	7.26±0.77 a	37.00±0.53 a	27.35±15.29 a	15.85±10.44 a
Thinning out 2/3

[1]	李慧, 谭晓琴, 唐茜, 杨洋, 陈玮. 疏花对紫嫣茶树产量及品质成分的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2024, 36(7): 1602-1615.
[2]	邓利君, 王铁, 胡娟, 姚远, 孙国超, 熊博, 廖玲, 汪志辉. 蜂糖李开花授粉生物学特性[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2024, 36(6): 1320-1328.
[3]	王如月, 罗莎莎, 甄紫怡, 吴嘉龙, 徐业勇, 孙雅丽, 胡晓静, 虎海防. 风味皇后杏李果实不同成熟度特性研究[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2023, 35(12): 2865-2877.
[4]	夏煜琪, 孙宇, 刘志鑫, 孙瑞青, 杨楠, 蒲金基, 张贺. 杧果转录因子BES1s家族全基因组鉴定及生物信息学分析[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2022, 34(5): 984-994.
[5]	韩元顺, 许林云, 周杰, 余兵. 板栗树振动响应特性与落果情况试验研究[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2022, 34(3): 599-613.
[6]	周品志, 裴悦琨, 魏冉, 张永飞, 谷宇. 基于YOLOV4模型的果园樱桃实时检测研究[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2022, 34(11): 2522-2532.
[7]	张志刚, 刘玉芳, 李长城, 李宏, 程平, 杨璐. 不同成熟度对杏果实品质的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2021, 33(8): 1402-1408.
[8]	张宇, 张继, 荣涛, 欧克纬, 黄国弟, 宋红霞. 杧果品种亲缘关系的CDDP分析[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2020, 32(5): 824-830.
[9]	吴燕, 乔晓燕, 葛伟强, 高青海. 高温强光下外源褪黑素对栝楼雌花生理生化特性的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2020, 32(3): 421-429.
[10]	马小华, 俞浙萍, 郑锡良, 胡晓金, 张淑文, 戚行江, 马靖艳. 靖州杨梅引种试验与表型聚类分析[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2020, 32(11): 1987-1993.
[11]	王震光, 余义和, 郭大龙. 活性氧调控果实发育成熟的研究进展[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2020, 32(11): 2103-2110.
[12]	陈曦, 杨芳, 李捷, 白利鹏, 李丹婷, 曹随忠, 沈留红, 余树民. 性成熟前猪睾丸组织中印记基因DNA甲基化状态分析[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2017, 29(5): 722-728.
[13]	覃磊1，2，孙开琼1，3，李诗高1，刘春苔1，阮松1. 基于RGB颜色相似度的成熟草莓图像分割[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2016, 28(2): 330-.
[14]	李娟, 李建设, 高艳明, 曹少娜. 不同生育期营养液钾氮比对番茄生长和果实品质的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2016, 28(11): 1881-1889.
[15]	郑海英，杨春艳，张秀芳，黄芬香，梁贤威，尚江华，郑威. 亚麻酸对水牛卵母细胞体外成熟与早期胚胎体外发育的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2015, 27(2): 165-.