芽孢杆菌生物膜形成中群体感应信号分子的动态调控

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20250397

浙江农业学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (7): 1507-1516.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20250397

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芽孢杆菌生物膜形成中群体感应信号分子的动态调控

李雯冰^a(), 李世豪^b, 李欣逸^a, 曹悦^a, 刘冰茜^a, 王梦^a, 李晓岩^a^,^*()

^a 东北林业大学生命科学学院,黑龙江哈尔滨 150040
^b 东北林业大学园林学院,黑龙江哈尔滨 150040

收稿日期:2025-05-23 出版日期:2026-07-25 发布日期:2026-08-20
作者简介:李雯冰,研究方向为植物保护。E-mail:sisyphusocean@163.com
通讯作者: *李晓岩,E-mail: xyli821187@163.com
基金资助:
国家级大学生创新训练计划项目(202410225032);黑龙江省自然科学基金(LH2022C003)

Dynamic regulation of quorum sensing signaling molecules in Bacillus spp. biofilm formation

LI Wenbing^a(), LI Shihao^b, LI Xinyi^a, CAO Yue^a, LIU Bingqian^a, WANG Meng^a, LI Xiaoyan^a^,^*()

^a College of Life Science,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,China
^b College of Landscape Architecture,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,China

Received:2025-05-23 Published:2026-07-25 Online:2026-08-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

芽孢杆菌(Bacillus spp.)是一类重要的生防菌,能够通过竞争生态位、分泌抗菌代谢物(如脂肽、聚酮类化合物)和诱导植物系统抗性等方式抑制植物病原菌。芽孢杆菌的生防效能与其生物膜形成能力密切相关。生物膜是由细菌群体分泌的胞外聚合物(extracellular polymeric substances,EPS)等构成的复杂结构,能够增强细菌在植物根际或叶面的附着能力,提高其对环境胁迫的抗性,从而延长生防作用时间。近年研究发现,芽孢杆菌生物膜的形成受群体感应(quorum sensing, QS)系统调控。QS系统通过感知细胞密度依赖的信号分子,如脂肽、自诱导物-2(autoinducer-2, AI-2)或酰基高丝氨酸内酯类,来协调群体行为。此外,QS不仅可通过调控degU、sinR等关键转录因子影响胞外聚合物的合成,进而影响生物膜的结构与稳定性,还能协调菌群分泌相关物质,促进植物生长、增强环境胁迫应答及拮抗病原菌。目前,关于芽孢杆菌QS系统的研究在遗传操作和微生态方面仍面临诸多挑战与局限性。未来研究可以继续开发适配的染色体整合表达系统,解析其原位代谢与互作网络;同时挖掘关键调控基因,为优化芽孢杆菌定殖能力、提高其生防效率提供理论基础。

关键词: 芽孢杆菌, 生物膜, 群体感应系统, 植物根际促生菌, 生物防治

Abstract:

Bacillus spp. are important biocontrol agents that suppress plant pathogens through ecological niche competition, antibacterial metabolites (such as lipopeptides and polyketides), and induced systemic resistance. Their biocontrol efficacy is correlated with biofilm formation capability. Biofilms, structured by extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), enhance bacterial adhesion to plant surfaces and tolerance to environmental stress, thereby prolonging the duration of biocontrol. Recent studies revealed that biofilm formation of Bacillus spp. was regulated by the quorum sensing (QS) system. This system coordinated population behaviors through density-dependent signaling molecules (e.g., lipopeptides, autoinducer-2, or acyl-homoserine lactones). The QS system not only influences the synthesis of extracellular polymeric substances by regulating key transcription factors such as degU and sinR, thereby affecting the structure and stability of biofilms, it also coordinates the secretion of related substances by microbial communities to promote plant growth, enhance environmental stress responses, and antagonize pathogenic bacteria. Current research on the QS system in Bacillus spp. still faces numerous challenges and limitations in genetic manipulation and microecology. Future studies can continue to develop suitable chromosomal integration expression systems, analyze in situ metabolism and interaction networks, and explore key regulatory genes to provide a theoretical basis for optimizing Bacillus spp. colonization capacity and improving their biocontrol efficiency.

Key words: Bacillus spp., biofilm, quorum sensing system, plant growth promoting rhizobacteria, biological control

中图分类号:

李雯冰, 李世豪, 李欣逸, 曹悦, 刘冰茜, 王梦, 李晓岩. 芽孢杆菌生物膜形成中群体感应信号分子的动态调控[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2026, 38(7): 1507-1516.

LI Wenbing, LI Shihao, LI Xinyi, CAO Yue, LIU Bingqian, WANG Meng, LI Xiaoyan. Dynamic regulation of quorum sensing signaling molecules in Bacillus spp. biofilm formation[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2026, 38(7): 1507-1516.

图/表 3

图1 基因与环境因素对芽孢杆菌生物膜形成的影响

Fig.1 Influence of genes and environment on the biofilm formation of Bacillus spp.

图2 群体感应信号分子的产生通路 AHL, 酰基高丝氨酸内酯;AIP,自诱导肽;AI-2,自诱导物-2。

Fig.2 The generation pathway of quorum sensing signal molecules AHL, Acyl homoserine lactone; AIP, Autoinducing peptide; AI-2,Autoinducer-2.

图3 群体感应系统调控细菌在植物根际的定殖

Fig.3 The quorum sensing system regulates the colonization of bacteria in the plant rhizosphere

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芽孢杆菌生物膜形成中群体感应信号分子的动态调控

Dynamic regulation of quorum sensing signaling molecules in Bacillus spp. biofilm formation

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