稻瘟病生物防治研究进展

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20240225

浙江农业学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (3): 736-744.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20240225

• 综述 • 上一篇

稻瘟病生物防治研究进展

吴佳奇¹(), 朱学明², 鲍坚东², 王操屹³, 周肖瑜⁴, 李琳²^,^*(), 林福呈²^,^*()

1.中国计量大学生命科学学院,浙江杭州 310018
2.浙江省农业科学院植物保护与微生物研究所,省部共建农产品质量安全危害因子与风险防控国家重点实验室,浙江杭州 310021
3.浙江农林大学现代农学院,浙江杭州 311300
4.湖州市植保检疫与耕肥管理站,浙江湖州 313000

收稿日期:2024-03-08 出版日期:2025-03-25 发布日期:2025-04-02
作者简介:吴佳奇(1999—),男,山东临沂人,硕士研究生,主要从事稻瘟病菌致病机理研究。E-mail: 15605398347@163.com
通讯作者: * 李琳, E-mail:2161643@zju.edu.cn
林福呈,E-mail: fuchenglin@zju.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(32200162);湖州市现代农业技术研发项目(2022SY007)

Research progress on biological control of rice blast

WU Jiaqi¹(), ZHU Xueming², BAO Jiandong², WANG Caoyi³, ZHOU Xiaoyu⁴, LI Lin²^,^*(), LIN Fucheng²^,^*()

1. College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
2. State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
3. College of Modern Agriculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
4. Plant Protection & Quarantine and Tillage Management Station of Huzhou, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang, China

Received:2024-03-08 Online:2025-03-25 Published:2025-04-02

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

稻瘟病菌(Magnaporthe oryzae)是一种严重威胁谷物生长发育并导致减产的植物病原真菌。近年来,稻瘟病在超过85个国家蔓延,导致年均水稻产量下降约30%,严重流行会导致水稻高达80%的产量损失。虽然杀菌剂能短暂控制稻瘟病的流行,但是误用和过度使用杀菌剂导致土壤污染和粮食安全隐患。因此,亟须开发绿色的生物防治剂替代化学杀菌剂来防控植物病害。生物防治是一种环境友好且有前景的植物病害防治策略,研究发现,许多微生物及其次生代谢产物和植物衍生的生物活性物质可以显著抑制稻瘟病菌的生长,并且对环境友好。本文阐述了稻瘟病菌的侵染途径,全面综述目前能够绿色有效防治稻瘟病的方法,论述了微生物及其次生代谢产物和植物衍生的生物活性物质防治稻瘟病的机理,为稻瘟病绿色综合防治提供新的思路和见解。

关键词: 稻瘟病, 生物防治, 微生物, 次生代谢产物

Abstract:

Magnaporthe oryzae is a plant pathogenic fungus that seriously threatens the growth and development of cereals and causes yield reduction. In recent years, rice blast has spread in more than 85 countries, resulting in an annual decline of about 30% in rice yields, with severe epidemics causing rice yields to be lost by up to 80%. Although fungicides can briefly control the epidemic of rice blast, misuse and excessive use of fungicides lead to soil pollution and food security risks. Therefore, it is urgent to develop green biological control agents instead of chemical fungicides to prevent and control plant diseases. Biological control is an environmentally friendly and promising strategy for plant disease control. Studies have found that many microorganisms and their secondary metabolites and plant-derived bioactive substances can significantly inhibit the growth of Magnaporthe oryzae and are environmentally friendly. In this paper, the infection routes of Magnaporthe oryzae and the effective prevention and control methods of rice blast were reviewed. The mechanism of microorganisms and their secondary metabolites and plant-derived bioactive substances in the prevention and control of rice blast was discussed, which will provide new ideas and insights for the green comprehensive prevention and control of rice blast.

Key words: rice blast, biological control, microorganism, secondary metabolite

中图分类号:

S435.111.41

吴佳奇, 朱学明, 鲍坚东, 王操屹, 周肖瑜, 李琳, 林福呈. 稻瘟病生物防治研究进展[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2025, 37(3): 736-744.

WU Jiaqi, ZHU Xueming, BAO Jiandong, WANG Caoyi, ZHOU Xiaoyu, LI Lin, LIN Fucheng. Research progress on biological control of rice blast[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2025, 37(3): 736-744.

图/表 1

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微生物 Microorganisms	来源 Source	作用机理 Mechanism
哈茨木霉 Trichoderma harzianum	根际土壤 Rhizosphere soil	抑制稻瘟病菌菌丝生长 Inhibit the mycelial growth of rice blast fungus^[77]
绿色木霉 Trichoderma viride	根际土壤 Rhizosphere soil	抑制稻瘟病菌菌丝生长 Inhibit the mycelial growth of rice blast fungus^[20]
棘孢木霉 Trichoderma asperullum	根际土壤 Rhizosphere soil	抑制稻瘟病菌菌丝生长 Inhibit the mycelial growth of rice blast fungus^[42]
柿假尾孢 Pseudocercospora kaki	茶树叶子 Tea leaf	抑制稻瘟病菌菌丝生长 Inhibit the mycelial growth of rice blast fungus^[20]
枝状枝孢 Cladosporium cladosporioides	水稻叶片 Rice leaf	降低稻瘟病菌致病性 Reduce the pathogenicity of rice blast fungus^[78]
酵母CMY045 Saccharomyces	蔬菜果实表面和水稻叶片 Vegetable fruit surface and rice leaves	减少稻瘟病菌附着胞形成 Reduce the formation of attachment cells of rice blast fungus
酵母CMY018 Saccharomyces	蔬菜果实表面和水稻叶片 Vegetable fruit surface and rice leaves	减少稻瘟病菌附着胞形成 Reduce the formation of attachment cells of rice blast fungus^[20]
链霉菌RM-1-138 Streptomyces philanthi	根际土壤 Rhizosphere soil	抑制稻瘟病菌菌丝生长 Inhibit the mycelial growth of rice blast fungus^[57]
球形链霉菌JK-1 Streptomyces globisporus	受污染的真菌培养板 Contaminated fungal culture plates	减少稻瘟病菌附着胞形成 Reduce the formation of attachment cells of rice blast fungus^[20]
灰褐色链霉菌 Streptomyces griseofuscus	根际土壤 Rhizosphere soil	抑制稻瘟病菌菌丝生长 Inhibit the mycelial growth of rice blast fungus^[79]
酒红土褐链霉菌 Streptomyces vinaceusdrappus		抑制稻瘟病菌菌丝生长 Inhibit the mycelial growth of rice blast fungus^[80]
坚强芽孢杆菌E65 Bacillus firmus		抑制稻瘟病菌菌丝生长 Inhibit the mycelial growth of rice blast fungus^[20]
蜡样芽孢杆菌 Bacillus cereus	根际土壤 Rhizosphere soil	抑制稻瘟病菌菌丝生长 Inhibit the mycelial growth of rice blast fungus^[81]
枯草芽孢杆菌 Bacillus subtillis	根际土壤 Rhizosphere soil	抑制稻瘟病菌菌丝生长 Inhibit the mycelial growth of rice blast fungus^[26]
枯草芽孢杆菌SYX04 Bacillus subtillis	水稻叶片 Rice leaf	抑制稻瘟病菌分生孢子萌发和附着胞形成 Inhibit the germination of conidia and attachment cell formation of rice blast fungus^[25]
枯草芽孢杆菌SYX20 Bacillus subtillis	水稻叶片 Rice leaf	抑制稻瘟病菌分生孢子萌发和附着胞形成 Inhibit the germination of conidia and attachment cell formation of rice blast fungus^[25]
枯草芽孢杆菌DL76 Bacillus subtillis	稻田根际 Rice field rhizosphere	抑制稻瘟病菌分生孢子萌发和附着胞形成 Inhibit the germination of conidia and attachment cell formation of rice blast fungus^[60]

微生物 Microorganisms	来源 Source	作用机理 Mechanism
哈茨木霉 Trichoderma harzianum	根际土壤 Rhizosphere soil	抑制稻瘟病菌菌丝生长 Inhibit the mycelial growth of rice blast fungus^[77]
绿色木霉 Trichoderma viride	根际土壤 Rhizosphere soil	抑制稻瘟病菌菌丝生长 Inhibit the mycelial growth of rice blast fungus^[20]
棘孢木霉 Trichoderma asperullum	根际土壤 Rhizosphere soil	抑制稻瘟病菌菌丝生长 Inhibit the mycelial growth of rice blast fungus^[42]
柿假尾孢 Pseudocercospora kaki	茶树叶子 Tea leaf	抑制稻瘟病菌菌丝生长 Inhibit the mycelial growth of rice blast fungus^[20]
枝状枝孢 Cladosporium cladosporioides	水稻叶片 Rice leaf	降低稻瘟病菌致病性 Reduce the pathogenicity of rice blast fungus^[78]
酵母CMY045 Saccharomyces	蔬菜果实表面和水稻叶片 Vegetable fruit surface and rice leaves	减少稻瘟病菌附着胞形成 Reduce the formation of attachment cells of rice blast fungus
酵母CMY018 Saccharomyces	蔬菜果实表面和水稻叶片 Vegetable fruit surface and rice leaves	减少稻瘟病菌附着胞形成 Reduce the formation of attachment cells of rice blast fungus^[20]
链霉菌RM-1-138 Streptomyces philanthi	根际土壤 Rhizosphere soil	抑制稻瘟病菌菌丝生长 Inhibit the mycelial growth of rice blast fungus^[57]
球形链霉菌JK-1 Streptomyces globisporus	受污染的真菌培养板 Contaminated fungal culture plates	减少稻瘟病菌附着胞形成 Reduce the formation of attachment cells of rice blast fungus^[20]
灰褐色链霉菌 Streptomyces griseofuscus	根际土壤 Rhizosphere soil	抑制稻瘟病菌菌丝生长 Inhibit the mycelial growth of rice blast fungus^[79]
酒红土褐链霉菌 Streptomyces vinaceusdrappus		抑制稻瘟病菌菌丝生长 Inhibit the mycelial growth of rice blast fungus^[80]
坚强芽孢杆菌E65 Bacillus firmus		抑制稻瘟病菌菌丝生长 Inhibit the mycelial growth of rice blast fungus^[20]
蜡样芽孢杆菌 Bacillus cereus	根际土壤 Rhizosphere soil	抑制稻瘟病菌菌丝生长 Inhibit the mycelial growth of rice blast fungus^[81]
枯草芽孢杆菌 Bacillus subtillis	根际土壤 Rhizosphere soil	抑制稻瘟病菌菌丝生长 Inhibit the mycelial growth of rice blast fungus^[26]
枯草芽孢杆菌SYX04 Bacillus subtillis	水稻叶片 Rice leaf	抑制稻瘟病菌分生孢子萌发和附着胞形成 Inhibit the germination of conidia and attachment cell formation of rice blast fungus^[25]
枯草芽孢杆菌SYX20 Bacillus subtillis	水稻叶片 Rice leaf	抑制稻瘟病菌分生孢子萌发和附着胞形成 Inhibit the germination of conidia and attachment cell formation of rice blast fungus^[25]
枯草芽孢杆菌DL76 Bacillus subtillis	稻田根际 Rice field rhizosphere	抑制稻瘟病菌分生孢子萌发和附着胞形成 Inhibit the germination of conidia and attachment cell formation of rice blast fungus^[60]

稻瘟病生物防治研究进展

Research progress on biological control of rice blast

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